Investing in solar cells has no future

A solar cell is a device that responds to light and converts light energy into electricity. There are many kinds of materials that can produce photovoltaic effects, such as: monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, gallium arsenide, selenium, indium copper, etc.

The principle of their power generation is basically the same, and the process of light generation is described by crystal as an example. p-type crystalline silicon can be doped with phosphorus to obtain n-type silicon to form p-n junction. When light hits the surface of a solar cell, a portion of the photons are absorbed by the silicon material; The energy of the photons is transferred to the silicon atoms, so that the electrons undergo a migration, becoming free electrons and accumulating on both sides of the p n junction to form a potential difference, when the external circuit is turned on, under the action of this voltage, there will be a current flowing through the external circuit to produce a certain output power.

The essence of this process is: the process of converting photon energy into electrical energy Sunlight shines on the semiconductor P-N junction to form a new hole-electron pair, under the action of the P-N junction electric field, the holes flow from the N region to the N region, and the electrons flow from the N region to the N region, and the current is formed after the circuit is turned on. This is how photoelectric effect solar cells work.

1. Solar power generation methodThere are two ways of solar power generation, one is the light-heat-electricity conversion mode, and the other is the light-electricity direct conversion mode. (1) The light-heat-electricity conversion mode generates electricity by using the heat energy generated by solar radiation, which is generally converted into the vapor of the working fluid by the solar collector, and then drives the steam turbine to generate electricity. The former process is the light-heat conversion process; The latter process is a heat-to-electricity conversion process, as is the case with ordinary thermal power generation.

The disadvantage of solar thermal power generation is that it is very inefficient and costly, and it is estimated that its investment is at least 5 to 10 times more expensive than that of ordinary thermal power plants. A 1,000 MW solar thermal power plant requires an investment of US$ 2,02.5 billion, with an average investment of US$ 2,000 2,500 per kW. Therefore, at present, it can only be applied on a small scale for special occasions, and large-scale utilization is not economically cost-effective, and it cannot compete with ordinary thermal power plants or nuclear power plants.

2) Optical-electric direct conversion method: This method uses the photoelectric effect to directly convert solar radiation energy into electrical energy, and the basic device of photo-electric conversion is the solar cell. A solar cell is a device that directly converts sunlight energy into electrical energy due to the photogenerated volt effect, and is a semiconductor photodiode, when sunlight shines on the photodiode, the photodiode will turn the sun's light energy into electrical energy and generate an electric current. When many cells are connected in series or parallel, they can become a solar cell array with relatively large output power.

Solar cells are a promising new type of power source with three advantages: permanence, cleanliness and flexibility. Solar batteries have a long lifespan, and as long as the sun exists, solar cells can be used for a long time with a one-time investment; Compared with thermal power generation and nuclear power generation, solar cells do not cause environmental pollution; Solar cells can be large, medium and small, as large as a medium-sized power station with one million kilowatts, and as small as a solar cell pack for only one household, which is incomparable to other power sources.

No, what has been developed for 30 years, do you think there is a future?

Yes, but it's best if the scenery complements each other

According to the data of the "Analysis Report on Market Prospect and Investment Strategic Planning of China's Solar Cell Industry", China's thin-film solar cell production has shown a rapid growth trend year by year, soaring from 263MW in 2009 to 458MW in 2015, with a strong growth trend.

The development history of China's solar cell industry, starting from the development of the first crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell in 1958, has completed the process from scratch and from small to large.

However, there are many problems in China's solar cell market, which hinder the further development of the industry.

For example, upstream raw materials and downstream applications are heavily dependent on overseas, and domestic enterprises fail to master relevant core technologies, resulting in weak industrial bargaining and anti-risk capabilities; In addition, the weak position of the polysilicon industry has also plagued the solar cell industry for a long time.

In general, as the photovoltaic and solar thermal power generation industries gradually mature and enter a boom period, solar cells are expected to maintain a stable growth trend.

Solar photovoltaic power generation will occupy an important seat in the world's energy consumption in the near future, not only to replace part of the conventional energy, but also will become the world's largest energy body. It is estimated that by 2030, renewable energy will account for more than 30% of the total energy mix, and solar photovoltaic power generation will also account for more than 10% of the world's total electricity**; By 2040, renewable energy will account for more than 50% of total energy consumption and solar PV will account for more than 20% of total electricity; By the end of the 21st century, renewable energy will account for more than 80% of the energy mix, and solar power will account for more than 60%. These figures are enough to show the development prospects of the solar photovoltaic industry and its important strategic position in the energy field.

Photovoltaic power generation is based on the principle of photogenerated volt effect, using solar cells to directly convert sunlight energy into electrical energy. Regardless of whether it is used independently or connected to the grid for power generation, the photovoltaic power generation system is mainly composed of three parts: solar panels (components), controllers and inverters, which are mainly composed of electronic components, but do not involve mechanical parts.

Therefore, photovoltaic power generation equipment is extremely refined, reliable, stable, long life, easy to install and maintain. Theoretically, photovoltaic power generation technology can be used in any occasion that requires power, from spacecraft to household power supply, to megawatt power stations, to small toys, photovoltaic power can be ubiquitous.

Major listed companies in the photovoltaic industry:At present, the main listed companies in the domestic photovoltaic industry include solar energy (Aiko (Kangyue Technology (Trina Solar) (Tongling (Otway) (Zhenjiang (Tuori New Energy (Sungrow Power Supply (Crestec (JA Solar Technology (CHINT Electric) (etc.).

China's distributed photovoltaic power generation cumulative installed capacity data, China's distributed photovoltaic power generation new installed capacity data, etc.

The newly installed capacity accounted for more than half

Compared with large-scale photovoltaic power stations, distributed photovoltaic power generation has the characteristics of relatively small output power, low pollution, outstanding environmental protection benefits, can alleviate the local electricity shortage to a certain extent, and can generate electricity and use coexist.

In recent years, with the continuous deepening of the development of China's photovoltaic power generation industry, various forms of distributed photovoltaic power generation applications are encouraged across the country. Make full use of the resources of qualified building roofs (including ancillary idle sites), and encourage development zones and large industrial and commercial enterprises with large roof areas, large electricity loads, and high power supply from the power grid to take the lead in carrying out photovoltaic power generation applications.

Statistics from the National Energy Administration show that since 2013, China's new distributed photovoltaic installed capacity has shown an upward development trend, and by 2021, the country's new distributed photovoltaic installed capacity will be the first time to surpass the new installed capacity of photovoltaic power stations, accounting for the total new photovoltaic installed capacity in the country.

From the perspective of the distribution of new distributed photovoltaic installations, driven by local policies, in the past two years, the contribution of household distributed photovoltaic has exceeded the new industrial and commercial distributed photovoltaic capacity, and in 2021, the new household distributed photovoltaic installed capacity in the country will account for the total new increase; The newly added industrial and commercial distributed photovoltaic installed capacity accounted for the total new increase.

Specific to various regions, at present, China's distributed photovoltaic power generation is advancing rapidly in Shandong, Hebei, Henan and other places where the development of the photovoltaic industry is relatively mature. In 2021, the newly installed capacity of distributed photovoltaic in Shandong Province will be as follows, accounting for the total new increase in the country; Hebei and Henan followed closely behind, with new distributed PV installed capacity and respectively, accounting for the sum of the country's total new increments.

The cumulative installed capacity of Shandong is far ahead

In terms of cumulative installed capacity construction, the cumulative installed capacity of distributed photovoltaic in China has increased from 2013 to 2021, and the total scale has grown rapidly. In addition, the cumulative installed capacity of distributed photovoltaic power generation in the country is also increasing, from 2013 to 2021. <>

In terms of specific regions, the cumulative installed capacity of distributed photovoltaic power generation in Shandong Province ranks first in the country and is significantly ahead of the second place by virtue of its first-mover advantage and continuous large-scale investment in recent years. As of 2021, Shandong ranks first in terms of cumulative installed capacity; Zhejiang and Hebei ranked second and third, with the cumulative installed capacity of distributed PV and the same amount.

The above data refer to the Prospective Industry Research InstituteAnalysis report on market demand and investment strategic planning of China's photovoltaic power generation industry