What aspects of culture should be studied and how

Summary. 1.Definition and characteristics of the concept of culture:

Culture is the material and non-material wealth created by human beings in social practice, which has the characteristics of sociality, history, symbolism and integrity. 2.Functions and Influences of Culture:

Culture influences people's thoughts, values, behaviors and lifestyles, and also has a profound impact on social structure, political system, economic development and other fields. 3.Diversity and interrelationships of cultures:

There are many forms of culture, including national culture, regional culture, class culture, etc., which penetrate each other, absorb each other, and transform each other, showing diversity and complexity. 4.Cultural inheritance and innovation:

The inheritance of culture is the process of preserving and promoting cultural traditions, and cultural innovation is to promote the progress and development of culture through the criticism and creation of traditional culture. 5.Cultural Production and Consumption:

The production of culture refers to the creation of cultural products by cultural creators through various means, while the consumption of culture refers to the process in which people obtain spiritual enjoyment and meet individual needs from these cultural products.

Hello, I'm sorry to keep you waiting, according to the question you described: what are the theoretical points of cultural studies.

1.Definition and characteristics of the concept of culture: Culture is the material and non-material wealth created by human beings in social practice, which has the characteristics of sociality, history, symbolism and integrity.

2.The function and influence of culture: culture affects people's thoughts, values, behaviors and lifestyles, and also has a profound impact on social structure, political system, economic development and other fields.

3.Diversity and interrelationship of cultures: There are many forms of culture, including national culture, regional culture, class culture, etc., which penetrate each other, absorb each other, and transform each other, showing diversity and complexity.

4.Cultural inheritance and innovation: cultural inheritance is the process of preserving and promoting cultural traditions, and cultural innovation is to promote the progress and development of culture through the criticism and creation of traditional culture.

5.Cultural production and consumption: The production of culture refers to the creation of cultural products by cultural creators through various channels, while the consumption of culture refers to the process in which people obtain spiritual enjoyment and meet individual needs from these cultural products.

The significance of cultural resources research and the research methods are as follows:

1. Existentialism:

The term was first coined by the French Catholic philosopher Gabriel Marcel. Existentialism is a very broad philosophical school, mainly including theistic existentialism, atheistic existentialism and humanist existentialism, which can refer to any irrational consciousness activities of isolated individuals, and regard them as the most real humanistic doctrines.

2. Hermeneutics:

The root of the word hermes comes from the ancient Greek word which means:"Message from God"。At that time, the study of how to translate the obscure divine consciousness into intelligible language was regarded as a science. A. of the Middle Ages

When philosophers such as Augustine and Cassion came up with new interpretations of religious doctrines, he gradually systematized the scattered research on the problem of interpretation.

3. Structuralism:

It has become one of the most commonly used research methods for the analysis of language, culture and society in the second half of the twentieth century and the twenty-first century. Structuralism can be seen as a generalized approach with many different variations. Broadly speaking, structuralism attempts to explore the interrelationships (i.e., structures) through which a cultural meaning is expressed.

4. Formalism:

The essence of formalism is subjectivism and utilitarianism; The root cause of this is the misplaced view of political performance, the lack of responsibility and the lack of people's hearts, the use of vigorous forms instead of solid implementation, and the use of glamorous appearances to cover up contradictions and problems.

1.Fieldwork method.

Fieldwork, also known as fieldwork, is a long-term investigation and experience of a society and its way of life.

2.Field participatory observation.

This is the most distinctive approach of cultural anthropology. Cultural anthropologists pay special attention to gathering evidence at every hand through direct observation.

3.Comprehensive Approach to Investigation.

With this approach, when one chooses to study a human behavior, one must take a holistic look at the issues associated with it.

4.Comparative Law.

Comparative methods are used all the time in the study of cultural anthropology.

5.Conceptual analysis.

Conceptual analysis is the construction of one or more concepts to analyze various socio-cultural phenomena. It first derives general principles from the empirical material of individual cultures, and then uses them as a tool for analyzing cultures in order to analyze other cultural phenomena.

Cultural studies combines sociology, literary theory, ** studies, and cultural anthropology to study cultural phenomena in industrial societies. Cultural researchers often focus on how a phenomenon relates to issues such as ideology, race, social class, or gender. [1] "Cultural studies" and "culture" are two completely different concepts.

It is generally believed that "cultural studies" originated from the research direction and academic achievements of the Institute of Contemporary Culture (CCCS) at the University of Birmingham in the 20th century (i.e., the "Birmingham School"), whose representatives include Richard Hoggart, Raymond Williams, and Stuart Hall.

British culture gives us the impression of being serious and orthodox, or aristocratic gentrification, and the cultural research method and anthropological method of the Birmingham School are to break with such a school, culture can no longer be elite culture, it should be the daily life of ordinary people, it should be popular, common.

The principles of cultural studies mainly include the following aspects:

1.Historical principle: The study of Jianhui culture must have an in-depth historical literacy, and must better grasp the essential characteristics and development trends of contemporary culture through the study and understanding of the past.

2.The principle of pluralism: Cultural studies must be open, pluralistic and inclusive, should respect all cultural forms and diversity, and should not use one culture as a criterion to evaluate other cultures.

3.Interdisciplinary principle: Cultural studies must have interdisciplinary thinking and research methods, and should comprehensively use the theories and methods of philosophy, sociology, mathematics anthropology, history, art, literature and other disciplines to deepen all aspects and connotations of culture.

4.Critical Principles: Cultural studies must have critical thinking, and should conduct in-depth analysis and critique of cultural phenomena, revealing issues of power, ideology, and meaning-making in culture, in order to promote cultural freedom and democracy.

5.Practical principle: Cultural research must be practical, should be closely integrated with reality, pay attention to the practical application and social effects of culture, so as to promote the innovation and development of culture.

The principles of cultural studies can be summarized as follows:

1.The principle of pluralism: Culture is diverse, including language, religion, art, traditions, lifestyle, etc. In cultural studies, the diversity of different cultures should be fully respected and understood.

2.Historical principle: Culture is the product of historical precipitation, and its historical background and evolution process must be taken into account. In cultural studies, there is a need for historical analysis and comparison of cultural phenomena.

3.The principle of comprehensiveness: Culture is a comprehensive system, and all aspects are interrelated and mutually influential. In cultural studies, it is necessary to integrate and synthesize information from different aspects.

4.The principle of comparativeness: By comparing different cultures, we can better understand the similarities, differences and similarities between various cultures. In cultural studies, it is necessary to use comparative methods to communicate and interact with different cultures.

5.Critical Principles: Critical thinking should be adopted for certain controversial or questioned cultural phenomena, and they should be analyzed and evaluated in depth.

In conclusion, cultural studies should respect pluralism, consider historicity, comprehensive analysis, comparative studies, and critical thinking.

The principles of cultural studies can be summarized as follows:

1.Multidimensionality: Culture is complex and includes aspects such as history, language, beliefs, customs, art, and literature. Therefore, cultural studies should be analyzed and studied from multiple perspectives.

2.Interactivity: Culture is a product of human interaction, it is a product of social and historical context. Therefore, cultural studies needs to pay attention to the communication, criticism, reconstruction and transformation of culture, and at the same time study the interrelationship between culture and society, economy and politics.

3.Inheritance: The process of formation and change of culture is usually long-term, with a certain degree of continuity and inheritance. Therefore, cultural studies need to understand the traditions and historical history of culture, and study the characteristics and significance of culture in its evolution.

4.Diversity: Cultures exhibit diversity and differences across geographies, social groups, and historical periods. Therefore, cultural studies needs to have a diverse side perspective and understand the intrinsic meaning of cultural differences.

5.Reflexivity: Culture itself is a kind of banquet construction of meaning, so cultural studies needs to reflect on the subjectivity of cultural concepts and understand the pluralism and diversity of culture in different social contexts.

The principles of cultural studies are as follows:

1.Complexity Principle: Culture is a multi-dimensional concept, and there are many aspects that need to be considered when studying culture.

2.Historical principle: Culture has its historical background and process of occurrence and development, and the influence of history and culture needs to be taken into account.

3.Principle of pluralism: Culture is a pluralistic concept, and the study of culture needs to take into account the pluralism and diversity of cultures.

4.The principle of relativity: culture is relative, and different regions, different historical backgrounds, and different social environments will have a difficult impact on culture, and the study of culture needs to take into account relativity.

5.Empirical principle: Cultural research should be based on empirical methods and data, and try to avoid subjective assumptions and one-sidedness.

6.The principle of interdisciplinarity: Cultural studies should be interdisciplinary and require knowledge and methods that involve multiple disciplines.

1. The principle of universality; 2. The principle of wholeness; 3. The principle of relativity.

It is recognized that cultural studies was proposed by the Birmingham School.

Cultural studies originated in the United Kingdom in the 60s of the 20th century, and was named after the research of the Institute of Modern Literature in Birmingham, England, also known as "The Birmingham School".

Writer Richard. Richard Hoggart, Raymond. Raymond Williams and the historian Edward.

p.Thompson (widely regarded as the founder of the Birmingham Centre's seminal ideas, setting the tone for the practice of cultural studies.

Based on the position of popular culture, cultural studies opposes the elitist tendency in media critical theory, and revolves around the power core of cultural studies, and the three characteristics of cultural studies are widely recognized by the academic community, which also means that the school is concerned with micro, concrete, experiential and everyday secular life.

There are two main research methods used by cultural studies scholars: textual analysis and audience survey, the former mainly to reveal the tendency of the mass media to serve the interests and ideologies that occupy the dominant position, and the latter to examine the diversity of audience symbolic interpretation. Since the 70s of the 20th century, cultural studies has become one of the most influential schools of criticism.