How is gold formed? How is gold created?

**Found in gold ore and naturally occurring.

Gold is crystalline at room temperature, equiaxed crystal system, cubic centric lattice, natural good crystal shape is very rare, often irregular granular, clumpy, flaked, reticulated, dendritic, fibrous and spongy aggregates. Pure gold is golden yellow and can change color when it contains impurities.

**Ore refers to ore containing gold elements or gold compounds, which can be beneficiated into gold concentrate or gold ore with high gold grade, and gold concentrate needs to be smelted and commissioned to become pure gold and gold products. Therefore, it cannot be artificial.

The reason for the formation of gold: In the Archean period about 2.6 billion years ago, volcanic eruptions brought a large amount of gold from the earth's core along the fissures to the mantle and crust, and then formed the first gold source through ocean sedimentation and regional metamorphism. About 100 million years ago in the Mesozoic Era, due to the strong action, the earth's crust was deformed and folded, and the folds exposed the sea surface, and the gold material was activated and migrated to form gold fields, which are what we call rock gold.

In rock-rich areas, rocks often leave a lot of natural gold after oxidation. After tens of millions of years of weathering and denudation, the shallow rock of rock gold has turned into sand.

Because the nature of gold is stable, it is dissociated into monomers, and in the process of river water transportation, because of its specific weight, it is deposited in the stable water of the river, so as to form sand gold deposits.

** is the reason for the formation:

**It is a natural product that exists in a free state in nature and cannot be synthesized. According to the difference of its ** and the different content after refining, it is divided into raw gold and cooked gold. Raw gold, also known as natural gold, barren gold, and raw gold, is the object of cooked gold, which is mined from mines or river bottom alluvium, and has not been melted and refined.

There are two types of raw gold: mineral gold and sand gold.

Mineral gold, also known as synthetic gold, produced in mines, gold mines, most of them are precipitated and accumulated with the hot springs gushing out of the ground through the cracks of the rocks, often sandwiched in the cracks of the rocks with quartz, the ore is mined, crushed, washed, and the large gold can be directly picked, and the small particles can be dissolved with mercury.

Mineral gold is mostly associated with other metals, including silver, platinum, zinc and other metals in addition to **, which is called synthetic gold before other metals are proposed. Mineral gold is produced in different mines and contains different components of other metals, so the fineness varies from 50% to 90%.

How to pick **:

1. Identify the quality of ** jewelry.

**Jewelry is golden in color, soft in texture, and high in purity**Jewelry will leave traces with fingernails, and **jewelry can be bent with a slight bend, and a little wrinkle will appear. ** jewelry with low purity is easy to break because it is doped with other metals, which is hard. When consumers buy jewelry, they can preliminarily judge the quality of jewelry according to the color, texture and hardness of jewelry.

2. Reasonably choose the style of ** jewelry.

We know that the high purity of jewelry such as pure gold and pure gold is easy to deform, when choosing **jewelry, we must first see whether the overall jewelry is deformed, and then see whether the surface of the jewelry is clear, and the texture is delicate or not. In addition, remind you that the edges of good jewelry are generally smooth, and when choosing **jewelry, you should also pay attention to some small details of the jewelry.

3. Choose ** jewelry according to your face shape and hand shape.

Girls with oval faces are suitable for various styles of necklaces and earrings, girls with round faces should not wear clavicle chains, suitable for slender necklaces or earrings, and girls with square faces wear oval-shaped earrings or simple necklaces, which can modify the face shape and soften the face curve.

Gold is a natural product in nature that exists in a free state and cannot be synthesized artificially. According to the difference of its ** and the different content after refining, it is divided into raw gold and cooked gold. x0d x0a raw gold, also known as natural gold, barren gold, raw gold, is the object of cooked gold, which is mined from mines or river bottom alluvium without melting and refining**.

The characteristics of sand gold are: the size of the particles is different, the large ones are like broad beans, the small ones are like fine sand, and the shapes are different. The color varies according to the level of color, more than ninety percent is reddish yellow, eight becomes pale yellow, and seven becomes blue-yellow.

Generally speaking, the greater the proportion of K gold in silver, the greener the color; If the proportion of copper is large, the color is purple red. In the early days of liberation, China's K gold was calculated according to the standard of each, and after 1982, it has been unified with the international standard, with each K as the standard.

Isoheavy metals merge with neutron stars. In the process of cosmic events such as stars, heavy elements are emitted into cosmic space and become dust floating in the universe. After countless billions of years of drifting and converging, these dusts re-coalesce with hydrogen and other dust to form nebulae, the main component of which is hydrogen.

During the nebula's re-evolution into stars, hydrogen is compressed and re-ignited for thermonuclear fusion.

A new star is born. At the same time that relatively light elements such as hydrogen coalesce to form stars, in the dust around new stars, these relatively heavy elements form planets around stars, so these planets are basically formed at the same time as stars.

Now let's talk about the heavy elements such as gold and silver on the earth from **, other stars that existed "nearby" before the existence of the sun, ** after the emergence of various elements, which remained on the earth in the process of regenerating nebulae and evolving to produce the new star of the sun and planets such as the earth.

Therefore, the current Sun is definitely not the first generation of stars, but may be the second and third generation stars. In fact, not only heavy elements, but all elements heavier than hydrogen and helium, including all the elements that make up our human body, evolved step by step in the life of stars. From nothingness to the present, the universe has evolved for 13.8 billion years.

** supply factors.

1) The earth's **stock: There are about 10,000 tons of ** in the world, and the ** stock on the ground is still growing at a rate of about 2% every year.

2) Annual supply and demand: The annual supply and demand of ** is about 4200 tons, and the annual new output accounts for 62% of the annual output.

3) New Gold Mining Costs: **The average total cost of mining is roughly just under $260 per ounce. Due to the development of mining technology, **development costs have continued over the past 20 years**.

4) Political, military and economic changes in producing countries: Any political and military turmoil in these countries will undoubtedly directly affect the amount of production in that country, and thus the world's supply.

The above content refers to People's Daily Online - Where does the gold on the earth come from.

The main one is natural gold, which is a mineral formed in hydrothermal geology.

In the rock-gold enrichment zone, the rock often leaves a lot of natural gold after oxidation Rock gold in the shallow layer of the surface, after tens of millions of years of weathering and denudation, the rock becomes sand Because the nature of gold is stable, it is dissociated into a monomer, and in the process of carrying river water, because of its specific weight, it is deposited at the stable water of the river, so it forms a sand gold mine.

Cleaning method

1. To protect the luster of ** jewelry, you can apply a thin layer of nail polish on it.

2. If there is a black silver film on the surface, you can use 2 grams of salt, 7 grams of baking soda, 8 grams of bleaching powder, and 60 ml of water to prepare it"Gold cleaner"After 2 hours, take out the gold jewelry, rinse it with clean water (preferably not hard water), bury it in wood chips to dry, and then wipe it with a soft cloth.

3. Roll a piece of cotton with a popsicle or matchstick for a gem-set ring, wet it in a mixture of flower water and glycerin, scrub the gemstone and its frame, and then polish the ring with a flannel cloth. Do not scrape with sharp objects such as razors.

4. Salt and vinegar are mixed into a cleaning agent, and it is used to wipe pure gold jewelry, which can make it last forever.

5. Wipe with toothpaste or scrub with hot thick rice soup to restore luster.

**According to scientists' speculation, it was generated in a supernova**

**Rare not only on Earth, but also in the universe. Scientists have known that fusion reactions inside stars can produce light elements such as carbon and oxygen, but not heavy elements such as gold.

According to the existing theory, in the early stage of the formation of the earth, the molten iron gradually sank to the center of the sphere, thus forming the earth's core. In this process, the vast majority of *** is also brought into the core, and the amount of *** in the surface should be extremely rare, far less than today's mining volume.

**Reserves

According to the measurements and estimates of scientists, the total reserves of the earth are about 4.8 billion tons, and about 4.7 billion tons are distributed in the earth's core, 86 million tons in the mantle, and less than 100 million tons are distributed to the earth's crust. More than 99% of the Earth's gold goes to the Earth's core.

This distribution of gold was formed over a long period of Earth's evolution. The abundance of gold in the earth's crust formed in the early stage of the earth's development is relatively high, so it can generally represent the Archean greenstone belt composed of early remnant crust, especially the mafic and ultramafic volcanic rock assemblages, and the gold abundance value is higher than that of various rocks in the earth's crust, which may become the earliest "ore source layer" of gold deposits.

The best treasures on the earth are mainly contained in the underground in the form of rock gold and sand gold, as well as associated gold Celestial body movement, earth formation, volcanic eruptions, paleo-orogeny, magma eruption, gold elements from the core of the earth are entrained and ejected out of the formation of rock gold;

Sand gold on the earth: Rich in gold, it forms sand gold in sunshine weathering, thunder and lightning, storms and rains, landslides, mud and rocks, floods, and precipitation in stable water sections of rivers.

According to scientific measurements and inferences, about 2.6 billion years ago, in the Archean period, volcanic eruptions brought a large amount of gold from the earth's core along the fissures to the earth's mantle and crust, and then formed the original gold source through marine sedimentation and regional metamorphism. About 100 million years ago in the Mesozoic Era, due to the strong action, the earth's crust was deformed and folded, and the folds exposed the sea surface, and the gold material was activated and migrated to form gold fields, which are what we call rock gold.

In rock-rich areas, rocks often leave a lot of natural gold after oxidation. The shallow layer of rock gold on the surface, after tens of millions of years of weathering and denudation, the rock becomes sand Because the nature of gold is stable, it is dissociated into a monomer, and in the process of river water transportation, because of its specific weight, it is deposited in the stable water of the river, so it forms a sand gold mine. At the same time, due to the affinity of sand gold, it rolls from small to large in the process of river water transport, forming particles of gold of different sizes The largest gold nugget found so far weighs 280 kilograms, and it is produced in California, USA

The ** deposits formed in the vicissitudes of nature can be roughly divided into three categories: rock gold deposits, sand gold deposits and associated deposits. In the world, the proportion of reserves of rock gold, associated gold and sand gold is approximately:

Among them, rock and gold deposits can be divided into several genesis types: magmatic hydrothermal type, metamorphic hydrothermal type, volcanic hydrothermal type, sedimentary metamorphic type, hot water dissolution type and metamorphic conglomerate type.

The proportion of various types of gold deposits in the world's total reserves is in the following order: metamorphic conglomerate, metathermal, associated gold, sand gold, magmatic hydrothermal and volcanic hydrothermal types, and hot water dissolution and leaching types.

From a global perspective, according to the tectonic units of gold minerals, it can be divided into four categories: shield metallogenic area, platform and margin metallogenic area, trough fold belt metallogenic area and Pacific Rim metallogenic belt. Among them, the gold reserves produced in the earth shield account for the world's total reserves; The local Mesozoic activation area of the paleoplatform caprock, occupies, and the superior trough area, occupies; Rough trough area, occupied; The ancient platform cover tectonic area occupies a large number of areas.

That's how the ** on Earth came about.