What are the main pests of wheat and their control measures?

If there is a problem, lodging, wilting, leaves turning yellow, leaves dying, plants dying, encountering this kind of thing, be sure to spray pesticides in advance, suitable varieties, pay attention to prevention and control work.

It will cause the leaves to turn yellow, and it will also lead to a large decrease in the yield of wheat, which will lead to some mottling on the leaves. The method of prevention and control is to spray pesticides regularly and remove pests in time.

Generally, the yield of wheat will be lower and lower, and the wheat plants will be less and less, and there will be rot or wilting.

Wheat long-legged spider: shape: prismatic, black exhaustion.

In the four pairs of feet, the front and back pairs are longer than the middle two pairs. Growth Habit: Three to four generations are produced in a year.

It prefers to be in arid land, mostly in dry terrain and dryland agricultural wheat land. Nymphs or eggs are used for winter, so they are basically synchronized with the growth and development of rice seedlings, so the damage is relatively large. The daily activity is gradually themed after sunrise, with more activity from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m., and after 9 p.m. it lies in the crevices under the rocks.

Wheat Spider: Shape: nearly oval, dark light brown, with red spots on the reverse side, four pairs of legs almost the same length.

Growth Habits: Two to three generations a year. This type of pest and disease is not drought tolerant and mostly occurs in watered or low-lying wheat fields where the vegetation is dense and cold.

Gradually, nymphs occur gradually in mid to late March. Details of the daily activities are gradually themed after 4 p.m., more active at dusk, and ambushed in the rocks or soil crevices of the wheat field after 8 a.m. Habits:

Spend the winter in the deepest part of the soil with pupa. In mid to late March, the masked nymphs lay their eggs in rows in the tissues around the main vein of wheat leaves. After more than 10 days, the eggs turn into larvae, and the first instar larvae bite the edge of the leaf, and after the instar is relatively large, they bite and feed in a molded or longitudinal direction at the top of the leaf, producing a neat cross-section.

After the third instar, they lie in ambush in the soil around the roots of rice seedlings or in wheat bushes during the daytime, and go out to feed at dusk. There's pretending to be dead.,Burst out with a slight vibration.。。 Prevention and control methods:

Taking advantage of the black and white reversal characteristics of wheat round spiders, watering from 8 am to 4 pm can drown a large number of wheat round spiders; Similarly, taking advantage of the characteristics of the daytime theme activity of the wheat long spider and the dormant state after 9 p.m., moderate watering and drowning insect pests. In addition, it is more efficient to apply appropriate chemical fertilizers during irrigation to increase the destructive power.

When spraying pesticides, spray according to the activity regularity of the two species of spiders, such as wheat round spider can be sprayed after 4 pm, and wheat long-legged spider can be sprayed after 10 am. If the spider sprays when it is hidden, it will only receive twice the effect with half the effort. Downy mildew, rust control methods:

Wheat jointing occurs in the field environment humidity is too large, prone to downy mildew and rust, should be prevented in time, 1 mu with 35 to 40 grams of rust sprayer, every two weeks need to last two to three times. Erosion: Phosphorus, potassium fertilizer and organic fertilizer can be applied to promote the growth and development of rhizomes to improve disease resistance.

Wheat aphids: There are more wheat when the ears are rising, and the sprayer can be prevented with 40% dimethoate pesticide moisturizing emulsion mixed with about 2500 times water.

The common ones are toothworms and wheat field spiders, if you want to control them, then you must buy insect medicine.

Common wheat insect pests mainly include wheat aphids, wheat suckers, etc. We can apply some pesticides to prevent it in the early stage, and we should also take care of the wheat diligently in the process of planting wheat. At the same time, we should irrigate reasonably, avoid rainy weather when spraying, and try to spray when it is sunny.

Wheat aphids are one of the important pests of wheat, also known as greasy insects or honey worms, which belong to the order Homoptera. Aphids are mainly concentrated in the stems, leaves, ears and other parts of wheat, sucking the sap of this part, affecting the photosynthesis of wheat, resulting in a reduction in wheat yield, which can cause more than 30% loss in severe cases. Remove weeds and self-growing wheat seedlings in the field to reduce the suitable habitat and summer host of wheat aphid.

The sowing time in winter and spring can be later than the normal sowing date, and the method of deep tillage should be used as much as possible during sowing, and at the same time, it should be combined with farmland management measures such as formula fertilization.

Overview: Prevention and control methods:

1) Select disease-resistant varieties and select disease-resistant and high-yield varieties, such as stripe rust-resistant No. 30, No. 31 and No. 29 varieties, and make a reasonable layout of rust-resistant varieties.

2) Eliminate the local early source of wheat stripe rust from the beginning of the autumn seedlings to the epidemic in the spring of the next year, after a long period of spotting, when the disease center is obviously easy to check, the diseased leaves can be removed as soon as possible, buried deeply, and sprayed with pesticides in the surrounding rice wheat seedlings.

3) Strengthen cultivation managementIn areas where autumn seedlings are prone to disease, early sowing should be avoided; Reasonable fertilization, avoid too late application of nitrogen fertilizer, and appropriately increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to promote the growth and development of wheat and improve disease resistance.

(4) Pesticide control in wheat jointing to heading stage, when the diseased leaf rate reaches L, the first spray should be sprayed, and then sprayed once every 7 10 days. The agent can be selected with 20 powdered rust Ning emulsifiable concentrate 30 50 ml per square meter.

5) 15 Rust rather wettable powder 53 66 grams per square meter, or Supoli wettable powder 15 30 grams per square meter, or 25 pestin emulsifiable concentrate 50 grams per square meter, 50 60 kg of foliar spray on water.

If there are more insect pests in wheat plants, chlorpyrifos perchlorine emulsifiable concentrate and avi high chlorine spray can be used to prevent and control them, and attention should be paid to after 10 o'clock in the morning or 4 o'clock in the afternoon when there is no wind, at this time, red spiders are mostly active in the foliars, which can improve the control effect, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate can also be added when spraying, which can improve the control effect, improve the ability of wheat to resist the spring cold, and prune the branches and leaves of diseases and insects.

Common diseases in wheat cultivation.

Wheat scab:Wheat seedlings can be damaged from heading, at first there are water-soaked spots on the glume shell, gradually expand to the whole spikelet, and then wither, if the air humidity is high, the pink colloidal mold layer will be produced at the lesion, and the blue-black small particles will grow in the later stage.

Wheat powdery mildew critically:The aboveground part of wheat will be infected, but it mainly harms the leaves and leaf sheaths, and the glume shell will also be infected, at the beginning there will be white mildew spots on the leaf surface, and then gradually expand into nearly circular mildew, the mildew is covered with a layer of white powder, and the wind blows and immediately scatters.

Wheat sheath blight:Small pale yellow spots appear on the leaf sheath near the surface, the stem node at the base of the severely diseased plant rots, the diseased seedling dies, and the cloud-like lesions will also appear at the base of the stem after the wheat jointing, and the lesions will fuse to form eye spots, resulting in the death of the diseased plants, and the formation of white ears of dead plants.

Cultivating small pies shouting wheat is the main pest.

Wheat aphids:Wheat aphid is a common insect pest, also known as greasy worm or honey worm, belongs to the order Homoptera insects, larvae concentrated in the stem, leaf, ear and other parts of wheat, sucking the sap of the part, affecting the photosynthesis of the leaves, resulting in a decrease in yield, serious can cause more than 30% loss.

Wheat sucking worm:Wheat sucker is also one of the common pests of wheat, devastating, in wheat growing countries will have this pest, wheat sucking wheat juice at the filling stage, resulting in empty shells, and even lead to wheat harvest in severe cases.

Wheat pest control.

1. Drought-resistant wateringDrought is conducive to the occurrence and reproduction of red spiders, and if the wheat is dry, it can be combined with drought resistance, moderate watering, so that the red spider falls into the water, and it will die.

2. Pharmaceutical prevention and controlIf there are more insect pests in wheat plants, chlorpyrifos perchlorine emulsifiable concentrate and avi high chlorine spray can be used to prevent and control them, and attention should be paid to the prevention and control after 10 o'clock in the morning or 4 o'clock in the afternoon.

Wheat is one of the staple grains in our country. Nowadays, wheat cultivation has entered a critical period. timely sowing of wheat for the germination of wheat; Pulling green; Tillering; and the subsequent bumper harvest has a certain impact.

In addition, improper control of wheat pests and diseases is also caused, and the foliar spraying of paclobutrazol and other chemical agents before and after wheat gets up can effectively shorten the elongation of its internodes, promote the root system to take root, and have a significant effect of putting down and supporting. When aphids are found to be pests, they need to be controlled with agents such as thiamethoxam or pymetrozine, and wheat spiders are controlled with pyridafen or avermectin, pyridafen or alkyne mite.

Clear the ditch and drain the water. There is more rain in spring, and the southern wheat producing areas should pay attention to clearing the ditch and draining the water to prevent waterlogging disasters, and the soil is moist, which will cause the breeding of scab, sheath blight and powdery mildew. It can be combined with manual weeding to clean the trench.

Common diseases in wheat fields are easy to control, or they are hardly the main cause of yield reduction. However, people are paying more and more attention to dietary health, and pesticides are not the only way to control them. Therefore, it can effectively prevent the occurrence of wheat diseases, which is the basic guarantee for the production of pollution-free and green food.

At the onset of the disease, the leaves, leaf sheaths, stems and other positions of wheat will appear like iron rust yellow rust spots, in fact, the scientific name is spores, mainly through the air, and the spread speed is very fast, the last of these spore piles will turn black, affecting the yield of wheat. The characteristics of wheat yellow dwarf disease, no matter how big the chemical fertilizer, just like eating iron or like being poisoned by herbicides, is not long, yellow and short, until the time of harvesting, you can also see the wheat gaps, never grow vigorously, the seedlings can not cover the ground, and the yield per mu is two or three hundred catties of wheat.

Sheath blight, a fungal disease, in recent years, has become one of the common diseases in wheat planting areas, after the disease, if not in time, it will cause a reduction of about 10% in yield, and the serious can reach half, so the disease should be noted. In view of the place where embroidery disease and dry hot wind occur, tricyclazole and other pesticides can be sprayed in time in the early stage of wheat embroidery disease, and foliar fertilizer can be sprayed on the basis of spraying insecticides and fungicides to prevent the occurrence of dry and hot air in combination with the prevention and control of other diseases and insects at the panicle stage.

Agricultural control. Select good varieties with good yield, strong resistance (tolerance) or mild susceptibility to diseases, increase the application of well-rotted organic fertilizer, adopt formula fertilization technology, cooperate with the application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and apply nitrogen fertilizer without bias to enhance disease resistance. Sow at the right time, avoid early sowing, and reduce the sowing amount appropriately.

Remove weeds from the field in a timely manner. Drain water in time after rain.

Pests and diseases should be prevented, and attention should also be paid to watering, some pesticides should also be sprayed, and regular cleaning should also be done, attention should be paid to watering problems, etc., so that it can be well controlled.

First of all, use completely rotted manure. The manure that is not completely decomposed contains coliform bacteria, nematodes and other bacteria and pests, and the direct use of manure leads to the spread of pests and diseases, crop diseases, and also has an impact on the human health of eating wheat; When unrotted organic matter is fermented in the soil, it is easy to breed pathogens and insect pests, which also leads to the occurrence of wheat diseases and pests. Therefore, it is essential to use completely decomposed manure.

When applying chemical fertilizers, we should pay attention to the coordination and balance of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrients. If the soil fertility is high and the organic matter content is high, the nitrogen fertilizer application rate should not exceed the phosphorus fertilizer application rate; If the soil is poor and the organic matter content is low, the amount of phosphorus fertilizer should not exceed the amount of nitrogen fertilizer.

Precision sowing: Mechanical, precision and semi-precision sowing technology should be vigorously promoted to achieve uniform sowing, consistent depth and strong air permeability, so as to achieve full seedlings and complete seedlings, and is conducive to improving the utilization rate of photosynthesis.

Irrigation & Drainage: Fields are planted immediately after sowing"Three ditches', so that the ditch and ditch are connected, so that drought can be irrigated, and waterlogging can be drained. After the beginning of spring, the three ditches should be dredged frequently, so that the bottom of the ditch is not waterlogged when it rains, and the fields are stopped from drying up when it rains, so as to reduce soil moisture and prevent waterlogging hazards such as premature root senescence.

Frequent weeding: a combination of cultivated weeding and chemical weeding should be adopted. Chemical weeding should select efficient and safe on-road drugs according to the type of weeds to prevent pesticide damage and avoid the impact of residues on the next crop.

To prevent wheat wilt, we should also pay attention to the seedling stage, pay attention to the scab at the flowering stage, pay attention to the control of aphids at the grain filling stage, and pay attention to the fertility of the soil.

The land must be properly regulated and weeds removed. Choose the right seeds for sowing. Scientific methods of fertilization and watering. Be sure to prevent diseases in advance and choose the right pesticides to spray.

First of all, when sowing wheat, the wheat can be sun-drenched, which can be sterilized and insecticidal, and some insecticides can be sprayed during the wheat development period, and weeds can be pulled out in time, and they can be maintained and maintained, which is easy to manage.