Regarding the classification of water treatment membranes, how many types of sewage treatment membra

RO, MF, UF, CF, MBR, hollow fiber membrane, etc. RO MF UF is generally used in pure water. Hollow fiber and MBR are generally used in wastewater, but the requirements for water quality are relatively high, and the highest level is relatively high.

CF is generally used to filter SS and has little effect.

The most commonly used is RO membrane reverse osmosis water treatment, because the pore size of RO membrane is five millionths (microns) of a hair, generally invisible to the naked eye, bacteria, viruses are 5000 times that of it, therefore, only water molecules and some mineral ions beneficial to the human body can pass through, other impurities and heavy metals are discharged from the waste pipe, all seawater desalination processes, as well as astronaut wastewater treatment are used in this method, so RO membrane is also known as high-tech artificial kidney in vitro. RO membrane reverse osmosis water treatment.

Membrane reverse osmosis technology is the world's most advanced, effective and energy-saving membrane separation technology, which is used in conjunction with the pretreatment system, and has the advantages of advanced technology, easy operation, low operating cost, no pollution and convenient maintenance.

Ultrafiltration membranes, microfiltration membranes, nanofiltration membranes, RO membranes, and secondary reverse osmosis generally use more RO membranes.

The main types of water treatment membranes.

Water treatment membranes include reverse osmosis membranes, ultrafiltration membranes, nanofiltration membranes, reverse osmosis membranes have water purification series, anti-pollution membranes, seawater desalination membranes, ultrafiltration membranes can be used for water purification and reclaimed water reuse, and nanofiltration membranes are used for reclaimed water reuse.

At present, most of the water treatment membranes on the market are ion exchange membranes.

Ion exchange membranes are mainly divided into homogeneous membranes and heterogeneous membranes.

The manufacturing process of heterogeneous membrane is cumbersome, but the technical difficulty is low, and the cost is low, so it is used more, but it has poor conductivity and low life in electrodialysis, so it is now gradually being replaced by homogeneous membrane.

The production cost of homogeneous film is high, but its conductivity is excellent, and the life is long, the water permeability is less, and the later investment is small, and the operation is simple, so it is being vigorously promoted by the state.

This ion exchange membrane is mainly used for concentration, desalination, material desalination, etc., and there is another more advanced membrane - bipolar membrane, which is mainly used to prepare acid and alkali, and the high-salt wastewater is directly used as acid and alkali and reused to achieve the purpose of zero pollution; In addition, it can also be used to directly prepare organic acids from organic salts, and the purity is very high.

Bipolar membranes. Bipolar membrane, also known as bipolar membrane, is a special ion exchange membrane, which is a composite of a positive film and a negative membrane. The characteristic of this membrane is that under the action of direct current electric field, HO between the composite layers of the cathode and cation film is dissociated into H+ and OH- and passes through the yin and yang films respectively as H+ and OH- ion sources.

According to the macroscopic membrane structure, bipolar membranes can be divided into homogeneous bipolar membranes and heterogeneous bipolar membranes.

Several commonly used membrane separation sewage treatment methods:

1. Ultrafiltration membrane separation method. According to the shape and different properties of molecules, the effect of atmospheric pressure is used to effectively screen and separate them. Through years of research and use in China, this technology has a remarkable decontamination effect and can effectively treat Bing protoplasma in sewage.

Therefore, ultrafiltration membrane separation technology has been widely used in various sewage treatment in China.

2. Nanofiltration membrane separation method. In the mid-to-late 70s of the 20th century, the nanofiltration membrane separation technology was formed to ensure that the inorganic salts were not affected by the electric potential and chemical gradient, and the molecules with a diameter of about 1 nanometer were effectively screened and separated through the effect of (the actual pressure is less than or equal to the actual pressure, so as to achieve the effect of sewage treatment.

3. Liquid film separation method. In the 60s of the 20th century, it was proposed until the mid-to-late 80s that the liquid film separation technology was widely used, which is divided into emulsion film and support liquid film, of which the emulsion liquid film is widely used in sewage treatment technology. Clause.

4. Membrane bioreactor. It is a new type of decontamination technology formed by combining the membrane with the bioreactor after the raw water enters the bioreactor and fully reacts with the organisms, using a circulating pump to make the water flow through the membrane module, and the water is discharged and the biological phase flows back into the bioreactor.

1. Reverse osmosis membrane: there are mainly two types of cellulose and non-cellulose. Among them, the cellulose membrane includes cellulose acetate, trivinegar, want to love you for Su, etc.; Non-cellulose membranes are mainly aromatic polyamide membranes.

Reverse osmosis uses semi-permeable membranes, which are selectively highly permeable to water only, and have very low permeability to most solutes in water. When the reverse osmosis membrane is used, it should be made into a component device, which has the types of scroll type, tube type, plate and frame type, hollow fiber type and strip type, etc., and the film thickness is about a few microns to about millimeters.

2. Ultrafiltration membrane and reverse osmosis membrane are both neutral membranes that do not have ion exchange properties, and belong to pressure-driven filter membranes. The two membranes are basically similar, mainly cellulose acetate and non-cellulose acetate polymer membranes, and the assembly device can be made into scroll, tube and plate and frame type.

3. The cellulose in ultrafiltration membranes and reverse osmosis membranes are: (1) ultra-thin membranes: cellulose acetate membranes with non-pair molding structures, such as micron diacetyl cellulose membranes.

2) Composite film: such as nitrocellulose and cellulose acetate are combined into micron triacetyl cellulose film. (3) Mixed membrane:

Diacetyl and triacetyl cellulose are mixed to make films. (4) Hollow fiber membrane: made into a hollow fiber tube with an inner diameter of 24-30 microns and an outer diameter of 45-65 microns.

4. The non-cellulose membranes in ultrafiltration membranes and reverse osmosis membranes are: aromatic polyamide hollow cellulose membranes, charged membranes, polyimidazolofuranone membranes, poly-m-diazepine indene membranes, glass membranes, and dynamic membranes.

5. Electrodialysis membrane is an ion exchange membrane, which is a power-driven membrane: there are three main types: heterogeneous membrane, homogeneous membrane and semi-homogeneous membrane; There are two types of components of electrodialysis: filter press type and sink type, of which there are two types of filter press type: vertical type and horizontal type.

6. Nanofiltration membrane is between reverse osmosis membrane and ultrafiltration membrane, which is a membrane variety that has developed rapidly in the past ten years, and has unique advantages and is widely used in water softening and separation of different valence anions.

7. Microfiltration, also known as fine filtration, its basic principle belongs to sieve filtration, under the action of static pressure difference, the ions smaller than the membrane pores pass through the filter membrane, and the particles larger than the membrane pores are intercepted on the membrane surface, so that the components of different sizes can be separated.

Water treatment membranes are materials with selective separation capabilities. The process of separating, purifying, and concentrating different components of wastewater by using the selective separation of water treatment membranes is called membrane separation. It differs from conventional filtration in that the water treatment membrane can be separated in the molecular range, and the process is a physical process that does not require phase changes and additives.

The pore size of the water treatment membrane is generally micron-level, according to the different pore size (or called the molecular weight cut-off), the water treatment membrane can be divided into microfiltration membrane, ultrafiltration membrane, nanofiltration membrane and reverse osmosis membrane, according to the different materials can be divided into inorganic membrane and organic membrane, inorganic membrane is mainly only microfiltration level membrane, mainly ceramic membrane and metal membrane. Organic membranes are made of polymer materials, such as cellulose acetate, aromatic polyamides, polyethersulfone, polyfluoropolymers...

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Reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, microfiltration, inorganic ceramic membranes, and ceramic membranes are all membrane separation technologies.

a.The processing efficiency is high, and the equipment is easy to scale-up;

b.It can be operated at room temperature or low temperature, and is suitable for the separation and concentration of heat-sensitive substances;

c.No phase transition, saving energy;

d.It has quite good selectivity, and can achieve partial purification at the same time of separation and concentration;

f.Strong adaptability, easy to operate, easy to achieve automatic control;

g.No chemicals are added, and the permeate can be recycled, which reduces costs and reduces environmental pollution.

In addition, the hail buried inorganic ceramic membrane also has a large amount of membrane liquid bridge, its operating membrane flux is 10-100 times that of organic membrane, and the source is 50-10 times that of ordinary porous ceramic membrane, with high mechanical strength, pollution resistance, and the characteristics of backlash.

Biofilm is a thin layer of biological colonies formed by microorganisms on the surface of fillers or other attachments, which is essentially a microbial flora, which is formed by microorganisms in the process of oxidizing nutrients in water. For example, if the basin at home is filled with water and left idle for a few days, there will be a thin, slimy layer of dirt on the inner wall of the basin, which is the biofilm. Its main role is to oxidize and decompose nutrients in water (or transfer some nutrients from water to living organisms), but it does not have a filtering effect.

It is mainly used in the biochemical treatment of sewage.

The membrane in the membrane equipment separation equipment is a polymer composite material, which plays a filtration role, and there are microfiltration membranes, ultrafiltration membranes, nanofiltration membranes, and reverse osmosis membranes in terms of filtration accuracy, and the filtration accuracy is getting higher and higher, and the reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes can already filter ions.

1.Drinking water includes purified water, mineral water, household water dispenser 2Domestic sewage treatment.

3.High purity water for the electronics industry.

4.Pharmaceutical water.

5.Water for the food industry.

6.Industrial wastewater treatment.

Membrane process is a new type of process developed in recent years, involving water supply and sewage treatment in various industries, and the types of membranes are also increasing.

1.Industrial ultrapure water.

2.Desalination.

3.Wastewater treatment.

The operation method of using silicon phosphorus crystal is very simple, first put it into the medicine tank, and then connect the water source, the agent in the tank produces Brownian motion through the impact of the water flow, and the agent is slowly dissolved in the water, and it can play its pharmacological effect normally.

The "silicon phosphor crystal" water treatment technology is different from other water treatment agents and equipment in the domestic market. This technology is suitable for domestic water system, combining the prevention of secondary pollution of water quality with the protection of water equipment, which can not only solve the problem of "yellow water" and "red water", avoid the corrosion of pipes and equipment, but also inhibit the problem of fouling in the heat exchanger. "Silicon phosphor crystal" is a slow-dissolving, spherical chemical agent.

The agent is made of a variety of phosphates and silicates through special processing technology. For a specific water system, it is sufficient to install a dosing tank of appropriate capacity on the main line and fill the tank with "silicon phosphorus source scale crystals". When the system uses water, the "silicon phosphor crystals" enter the water system and begin to function.

The "silicon phosphorus crystal" technology is easy to use, has no power consumption, does not increase the resistance of the water system, and does not need to be maintained by special personnel, and only needs to be supplemented once in 3-6 months. The consumption of "silicon phosphorus crystal" is about 1-3 grams per ton of water, and after the equipment is put into production, the interface of "Gui Lijing" in the medicine tank decreases, and the consumption can be observed from the window hole of the dosing tank. "Silica Phosphine Crystal (Gui Lijing)" is a chemical water treatment agent that can be safely used in drinking water systems, and the ingredients of the chemical meet the standards of the FAO World Health Organization (United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, World Health Organization), and have been internationally recognized as a registered trademark of the NSF (National Environmental Health and Hail High Society).

Silicon phosphor crystal is a glass sphere, composed of polyphosphate and silicate, and the glass body is prepared by high-temperature sintering forming surface. Silicon phosphor crystals are slightly soluble in water, but are sufficient to prevent water from corroding and scaling metal materials. In addition, it can penetrate into the rust and cause it to fall off and smooth the tube wall.

Due to the quantitative microsolubility of silicon phosphorus crystals, the dosing process becomes extremely simple and easy, and the user only needs to choose different sizes of pesticides according to the amount of water and connect them to the pipeline. This uniqueness is incomparable with similar water treatment agents at home and abroad.