How does a computer hard drive work?

Today's hard drives, whether IDE or SCSI, are used"Winchester's technology has the following characteristics:

1.Magnetic head, disc and kinematic mechanism sealed.

2.The surface of the plated disc plate, which is fixed and rotated at high speed, is flat and smooth.

3.The head moves radially along the platter.

4.The magnetic head starts and stops in contact with the platter, but it is in flight and does not have direct contact with the platter when working.

Platter: A hard disk platter is a magnetic particle attached to the surface of an aluminum alloy (glass is also used for new materials). These magnetic particles are divided into concentric circles called tracks, and on the tracks of each concentric circle there are as if there are countless small magnets of any arrangement, which represent states of 0 and 1, respectively.

When these small magnets are subjected to a magnetic force from the head, the direction of their alignment changes. The magnetic force of the head is used to control the direction of a number of small magnets so that each small magnet can be used to store information.

Disk: The disk body of a hard disk is composed of multiple platters, which are stacked together in a sealed box, and they are driven by the spindle motor to rotate at a very high speed, and its speed per minute reaches 3600, 4500, 5400, 7200 or even more.

Head: The head of the hard disk is used to read or modify the state of the magnetic material on the platter, generally speaking, each magnetic surface will have a head, starting from the top, numbered from 0. When the head stops working, it is in contact with the disk, but it is in flight when it is working.

The head takes the contact start and stop method in the landing area of the platter, and the landing area does not store any data, and the head starts and stops in this area, and there is no problem of damaging any data. When the data is read, the platter rotates at high speed, and the head is in a "flying state" at a micron height from the data area of the disc due to the ingenious aerodynamic design for the head movement. It does not cause wear and tear in contact with the disc surface, and the data can be read reliably.

Motor: The motors in the hard disk are all brushless motors, which have little mechanical wear and tear under the support of high-speed bearings, and can work continuously for a long time. The high-speed rotation of the disc body produces an obvious gyroscopic effect, so the working hard disk should not be moved, otherwise it will increase the working load of the bearing.

The seek feeding motor of the hard disk head mostly adopts voice coil rotation or linear motion stepper motor, which accurately tracks the track of the platter under the adjustment of feeding clothing tracking, so there should be no impact collision when the hard disk is working, and it should be handled carefully when moving.

Image analysis of how a computer hard drive works.

1. When the hard disk reads the data, the disk surface rotates at high speed, so that the head is in the "flying state" and does not contact with the disk surface, in this state, the magnetic head will not wear out with the disk surface, and can achieve the purpose of reading data.

2. Due to the high-speed rotation of the disk body, the obvious gyroscopic effect is generated, so the hard disk is not easy to move when working, otherwise the working load of the bearing will be increased; The seek servo motor of the hard disk head can accurately track the track under the servo tracking adjustment, so there should be no impact collision during the hard disk working process, and it should be handled carefully when moving.