What is frame theory in communication studies

To put it simply, the framework theory of communication is that people use past experiences and information they have been exposed to to understand society, that is, people's definition of reality.

The framework theory of communication is still immature, and many theories are cited. The main applications are:

The news framework influences how the audience thinks, how it processes and stores information, directing the audience's attention to certain aspects of the facts, causing them to ignore others. Long-term narrow and stylized reporting will inevitably produce stereotypes, which limit the activities of the audience's subjective perception of the world and ignore the world outside the framework. But the audience also subjectively interprets events according to their own cognitive structure and constructs social reality.

Therefore, in the construction of social reality, there is a framework of journalists and individual audiences, and there is not necessarily a high degree of correlation between the two.

If you use this theory to study the media image of chengguan, then you can choose 20 reports of various reports of recent chengguan news, and analyze how the media constructs the image of chengguan through keyword search and analysis.

In fact, I have personally experienced the law enforcement of the chengguan, because I have set up a stall, and the chengguan has come, but it just said that stalls are not allowed here, and I will quickly pack up and leave, and I will not confiscate things and fine money at all. In addition, the chengguan and hawkers are involved, and many hawkers know in advance that the chengguan will come to check and will take the initiative to disappear for a few days. As for why the media chooses such a chengguan news report to attract people's attention, expand individual cases to the society, of course, there will be such chengguan, but why chengguan beats hawkers, or why chengguan kneels to hawkers, in fact, the bigger reason lies in the propaganda intention of **.

It's a bit far, in fact, we only need to analyze the image of the chengguan in the ** report.

Qualitative research = qualitative analysis, qualitative analysis is the analysis of the "qualitative" aspects of the research object. Specifically, it is to use the methods of induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, and abstraction and generalization to process the various materials obtained, so as to be able to extract the essence from the rough, remove the false and retain the true, from this and the other, from the surface and the inside, to understand the essence of things and reveal the inner laws.

In fact, qualitative analysis has a lot of influence in our country, and in the long run, quantitative analysis is still the focus, because only by using data can we know what our development is. Of course, qualitative analysis is also needed to carry out dialectical thinking, and the two complement each other, each with its own merits.

The concept of framing originated from Bateson (1955) and was introduced into cultural sociology by Goffman (1974). Later, it was introduced into mass communication research and became an important point of view in qualitative research. Goffman argues that what is real for a person is his or her definition of a situation.

This definition can be divided into articles and frameworks. An article refers to the sequence of activities, and a framework refers to the type of organization used to define a bar. At the same time, he believes that the framework is an important evidence for people to transform social reality into subjective thoughts, that is, the subjective interpretation and thinking structure of people or organizations about events.

As to how frameworks come about, Goffman argues that on the one hand, they are derived from past experiences, and on the other hand, they are often influenced by socio-cultural consciousness.

a. Chicago School.

The Chicago School of Communication emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries within the University of Chicago. The earliest mass communication studies in the United States were mainly conducted by sociologists of the Chicago School of Tuanqi, focusing on the description of reality and community studies, and focusing on problem-oriented and symbolic studies. The emphasis on qualitative research methods has given the United States a strong empirical orientation to social science research on social issues.

Representative figures are: Dewey, Mead, Cooley, etc.

b. The Columbia School.

The Columbia School matured in the 40s and 50s of the 20th century, with Columbia University as its research site. Based on Durkheimism, positivism and behaviorism, it pays attention to the logic of empirical research and argumentation, and no longer takes the introspective method as the main research method, but attaches importance to objective methods, such as experimental method, test method, grading method, statistical side rent method, etc. A large number of functional research, effect research, and psychological research results have been formed.

Emphasis is placed on quantitative research methods and the internal mechanism of research behavior.

Representative figures include: Laza, Sfield, Merton, etc.