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The elderly will generally not have anything to do with intravenous human immunoglobulin, but it should be noted that: contraindications and precautions.
Adverse reactions】 There are generally no adverse reactions, and a very small number of patients have transient headache, palpitation, nausea and other adverse reactions during infusion, which may be related to the rapid infusion speed or individual differences. Most of the above reactions are mild and often occur within one hour of the start of the infusion, so it is recommended to regularly observe the patient's general condition and vital characteristics throughout the infusion process, slow down or suspend the infusion if necessary, and generally recover on its own without special treatment. These reactions can occur in individual patients after the end of the infusion and generally recover spontaneously within 24 hours.
Contraindications 】 1Those who are allergic to human immunoglobulin or have a history of other severe allergies. 2.Selective IgA deficiency with anti-IgA (immunoglobulin A), antibodies.
Precautions 】 1This product is intended for intravenous infusion. 2.
This product can be diluted with a 5% dextrose solution if needed, but should be used with caution in diabetic patients. 3.The liquid medicine is turbid, precipitated, foreign matter or the bottle is cracked, expired and invalid, and shall not be used.
4.After this product is opened, it should be infused at one time, and should not be divided or given to a second person. 5.
Patients with severe acid-base metabolism disorders should use with caution.
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First, the concept is different.
1. Immunoglobulin: Immunoglobulin (Ig) refers to globulins with antibody (AB) activity or chemical structure, similar to antibody molecules.
2. Albumin: Albumin is the most important protein in human plasma, which maintains the body's nutrition and osmotic pressure. The concentration is up to 38 48 g l, which is about 50% of the total plasma protein.
Second, the composition is different.
1. Immunoglobulin: Immunoglobulin is a tetrapeptide chain structure formed by two identical light chains and two identical heavy chains connected by interchain disulfide bonds. Immunoglobulins are divided into five categories, namely immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin M (IgM), immunoglobulin D (IgD), and immunoglobulin E (IgE).
2. Albumin: albumin is synthesized in the form of prealbumin, and mature albumin is a single polypeptide chain containing 585 amino acid residues, and the molecular shape is oval. The liver synthesizes about 12g to 20g of albumin per day.
Third, the role is different.
1. Immunoglobulin: Immunoglobulin can be divided into antibody and membrane immunoglobulin. Membrane immunoglobulins are antigen receptors on the membrane of B cells that specifically recognize antigen molecules.
Immunoglobulins activate complement; Binds to FC receptors on the cell surface, thus exhibiting different biological effects, such as opsonization, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, mediated hypersensitivity reactions.
2. Albumin: albumin can maintain the constant osmotic pressure of plasma colloids; It can reversibly combine with many insoluble small molecule organic substances and inorganic ions in the body to form soluble complexes, and become the transport form of these substances in the blood circulation; It can ensure the communication between intracellular fluid, extracellular fluid and tissue fluid; It has a colloidal protective stabilizing effect on globulins; Albumin is an important nutrient in the human body.
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Difference Between Immunoglobulin and Albumin:
Immunoglobulin (Ig) refers to a globulin that has antibody (AB) activity or chemical structure that is similar to an antibody molecule. Albumin (also known as albumin, albumin, ALB) is synthesized by liver parenchymal cells and has a half-life of about 15-19 days in plasma, making it the most abundant protein in plasma.
The immune system is composed of immune tissues, organs, immune cells, and immune-active molecules. Albumin is a negative ion and can carry more than 200 negative charges per molecule. It is the main carrier in plasma, and many poorly water-soluble substances can be transported by binding to albumin.
These substances include bilirubin, long-chain fatty acids (which can bind 4-6 molecules per molecule), bile salts, prostaglandins, steroid hormones, and metal ions.
One of the roles of immunoglobulins is to prevent and prevent the further spread of infection, and albumin plays a decisive role in the maintenance of circulating blood volume, the maintenance of blood pressure and circulatory perfusion.
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The difference between immunoglobulin and protein is: immunoglobulin, which contains antibodies, has albumin, and modified rabbit anti-human albumin immunity, without immunoalbumin.
The role of albumin, when to use.
Its role is: 1.Increase blood volume and maintain plasma colloidal osmolality: albumin accounts for 80% of plasma colloidal osmotic pressure, which mainly regulates the dynamic balance of water between tissues and blood vessels.
Due to the high molecular weight of albumin, compared with salts and water, the velocity of permeation in the membrane is slower, so that the colloidal osmotic pressure of albumin competes with the static pressure of the capillary, so as to maintain normal and constant blood volume; At the same time, in the blood circulation, 1g albumin can retain 18ml of water, and the ability to retain circulating water per 5g albumin is about equivalent to the function of 100ml of plasma or 200ml of whole blood, so as to increase the circulating blood volume and maintain plasma colloidal osmotic pressure.
2.Transport and detoxification: Albumin binds anions and cations, and can transport different substances and can also transport toxic substances to the detoxification organs.
3.Nutrient supply: Tissue protein and plasma protein can be converted into each other, and albumin can be used as a nitrogen source to provide nutrients to tissues in cases of nitrogen metabolism disorders.
Mainly used for: 1.Shock due to blood loss, trauma, burns.
2.Elevated intracranial pressure due to cerebral edema and injury.
3.Edema or ascites due to cirrhosis and kidney disease.
4.Prevention and treatment of hypoproteinemia.
5.Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.
6.It is used as an adjunct to cardiopulmonary shunt, hemodialysis, etc.
There are two types of globulins: gamma globulin and placental globulin.
Gamma globulin is extracted from the blood of healthy people. Gamma globulin, also known as antibodies, is produced by healthy people in the course of battling disease.
Placental globulin is extracted from the placenta of healthy mothers, and its main component is gamma globulin. Globulin can enhance the body's ability to resist diseases and is an artificial passive immune agent.
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In my heart, you're just a game with no results.
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There is always a drug, mainly to see whether the child's condition is needed, and now this kind of drug is relatively safe, and it is very small.
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Khan...
Low-grade fever, high fever, vomiting, rash, dizziness, fatigue, these allergic reactions may occur after vaccination. Usually these will subside on their own after a while. I also felt dizzy after the injection, and I wanted to vomit...
Abdominal pain? That may have nothing to do with the vaccine, right, what exactly is the location of the abdominal pain? If B ultrasound is no problem, considering that you are a girl, it may not be... Go to the hospital** for a check-up.
It's been more than a month·· I've seen some people like this before, but don't put up with it, if you feel uncomfortable, go to the hospital for a check-up. But it's usually fine.
Good luck! ··
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It is recommended to eat oral immunoglobulin capsules, which do not have any effect and will not gain weight, immunoglobulin only plays a role in improving the child's immunity and enhancing the child's resistance. **Sold on.
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There is no ***, and it will not gain weight, immunoglobulin only plays a role in improving the child's immunity and enhancing the child's resistance.
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At present, most of the colostrum on the market is produced by the spraying process, and the process of spraying the dry process has reached more than 60 ° in 3 minutes, and the active storage temperature of the active immunoglobulin can not be higher than 40 °, so taking the colostrum of the spraying process can only increase the burden of the child's kidney function, and it is easy to get angry; However, only the colostrum produced by the freeze-drying process can completely retain the activity of the active immunoglobulin in the bovine colostrum, and the effect is obvious, and it will not increase the burden on the child's kidneys, let alone get angry. However, freeze-dried colostrum production costs 7 times that of spray-dried colostrum. In addition, antibodies to the immune mechanism are produced by the stimulation of locally produced viral antigens.
Therefore, bovine colostrum is not ***.
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