Who has Shen Kuo s quotes and information?

Shen Kuo (1031-1095), a native of Qiantang (present-day Hangzhou, Zhejiang), was a famous scientist in the Northern Song Dynasty, and he was also an outstanding politician and military strategist.

In astronomy, during his tenure in Si Tianjian, Shen Kuo carried out a lot of work to improve the accuracy of instruments, and reformed astronomical instruments such as armillary spheres, floating leaks, and scenery tables, and wrote "Armillary Sphere Discussion", "Floating Leakage Discussion" and "Scene Table Discussion"; personally observed the celestial phenomena and drew more than 200 maps to determine the position of the North Star; In a few years, he insisted on observing the operation of the shadow and the leaky pot, thus proposing the time difference phenomenon caused by the uneven movement of the sun. In his later years, he proposed a new pure lunar calendar, the Twelve Qi Calendar, which was simple and straightforward and easy to guide farming.

In physics, Shen Kuo discovered the existence of geomagnetic declination more than 400 years earlier than Europe.

In his later years, Shen Kuo settled in Mengxi Garden in Runzhou (now Zhenjiang, Jiangsu) and devoted himself to writing, recording his life experiences and scientific research in "Mengxi Writings". The book contains more than 200 scientific items, including mathematics, astronomy, meteorology, geology, geography, maps, physics, chemistry, metallurgy, water conservancy, architecture, biology, agriculture and medicine, and many other fields, which is a valuable heritage in the history of science and technology in the world.

In order to commemorate Shen Kuo's exploits, people named asteroid 2027 "Shen Kuo asteroid".

Categories: Social and People's Livelihood.

Analysis: Shen Kuo (1031-1095), a native of Qiantang (now Hangzhou), Zhejiang. In the ninth year of Tiansheng in the Northern Song Dynasty, he was born in a family of lower-level officials, and his family was not wealthy.

Mother Xu, a native of Wuxian County, Suzhou, is knowledgeable and knowledgeable; Father Shen Zhou, an upright official, does not advocate harsh punishment and strict laws, and when he took up his post in Quanzhou, Shen Kuo followed.

In the third year of Huangyou (1051), Shen Zhou died of illness, and according to the system of Yinzi after the death of the Song Dynasty officials, Shen Kuo guarded his father's funeral to the first year of Zhihe (1054). At the age of 24, he became the chief secretary of Bingyang. At this time, the ice water was troubled, the river was silted, flooded into the river, disasters were frequent, many fields "did not grow grain, and the grass did not grow in the barren", and the people's life was very difficult, and the Bingyang County Decree at that time, regardless of the livelihood of the people, instead levied and expropriated, which had provoked peasant rebellion.

In order to appease the people's anger, the boss transferred the county order and appointed Shen Kuo to act as the county order to govern Bingyang. Because he went deep into the lower strata, observed the people's feelings, and conformed to the people's will, he revoked the unreasonable prohibition that the people opposed, "chose what could be done and then did it", "concentrated on paying tribute and doing his best". He led the people to open "one hundred canals and nine weirs, and seven dry acres in the fields", which once overcame the floods in the lower reaches of the glacier, promoted the development of agriculture, and alleviated the local social contradictions at that time.

His diligent and pragmatic spirit has won the love of the broad masses of the people. During the Jiayou period, Shen Kuo was admitted to the Jinshi and began his career as an upper-class eunuch. Shenzong was tired of officials to the crown prince Zhongyun, a bachelor of Hanlin Academy, and finally a Shaoqing of Guanglu Temple.

Shen Kuo's life can be summarized into two aspects: political and scientific research, the main points are as follows: in the third year of Xining (1070), he participated in Wang Anshi's reform and was the backbone of the reformers; In the eighth year of Xining (1075), he sent an envoy to the Liao State, "refuting the unreasonable demands of the Liao State, maintaining the Song Dynasty, and then guarding Yanzhou (now Yan'an, Shaanxi), strengthening the armament, fortifying and sleeping, and effectively resisting the Western Xia." He always attached importance to the construction of water conservancy, the supervision of the production of weapons, and the management of finances, hoping to promote the country's strength.

While engaging in politics, Shen Kuo attached great importance to scientific research and the recording of scientific inventions throughout his life. His scientific research was extensive, such as observing celestial phenomena, drawing armillary sphere tables, and revising the Fengyuan Calendar (similar to today's solar calendar); In mathematics, he founded the "gap accumulation technique" and the "circle technique"; In physics, he discovered the existence of geomagnetic declination more than 400 years earlier than in Europe, and also studied the law of resonance; In geology, the formation of alluvial plains is deduced from the remains of rock organisms, and the nomenclature of oil is also proposed. In addition, he delved into medicinal plants and medical techniques.

He wrote a lot in his life, and his famous works include "Mengxi Writings", "Changxing Collection", "Su Shen Liangfang" and so on. In the "Long Compilation of Zizhi Tongjian", there are still some historical materials such as "Yi Mao's Invitation to Enter the Country" and "Records of Entering the Country" written by him.

In the fifth year of Yuanfeng (1082), because Xu Xi lost Yongle City, Shen Kuo was degraded repeatedly, lived in Runzhou, built Mengxi Garden (now the eastern suburb of Zhenjiang), devoted himself to writing, and reinstated the official lord in the first year of Shaosheng, and died in the following year (1095) at the age of 65.

1.Cloth food, Coke for life, no need to travel far.

2.The world is vast, time is limited, why bother? Life is busy, competing for short and long, but there are no glory and decline, and it is difficult to gain and lose.

3.If the cloth is warm, the food is full, the room is Yongyong, and the spring stone is you, such as the situation of Canglang Pavilion and Xiao Shuanglou, it is really a fireworks fairy.

4.Look at the autumn wind and golden valley, the night moon and the Wujiang River, the cold of the Afang Palace, the desolation of the Tongque Terrace, the dew of the glorious flowers, and the frost of the rich grass. The organ is thorough, all worries are forgotten, what is the dragon tower and the phoenix pavilion, what is the name of the lock is stiff.

Come to a quiet place, and the poetry and wine are rampant, and it is not too late to return from singing a song, and the lake and sea are boundless.

5.Autumn invades the shadow of the thin skin, and the frost dyes the chrysanthemum fat.

6.When it was, there was a lonely lamp, no relatives, empty hands, and heartbreaking. This hatred is extreme!

7.When the yellow crane returns, and the gold bottle is poured together, and the millennium grass is drained and balanced. But seeing the white clouds flying away, who played the jade flute, and fell into the plum blossoms of May in Jiangcheng.

The love of the bell, although ugly is not disgusting. People who are interested in looking at beauties, three points of appearance and posture are equal to six or seven points, and six or seven points of appearance and lack of posture are equal to three or four points.

8.Yu and Zhuotang braved the snow to climb the Yan, looking down at the sky, Qionghua flying, pointing to the silver mountain jade tree in the distance, as if he was in Yaotai. The boats in the river come and go, vertical and horizontal, like waves rolling residual leaves, and the heart of fame and fortune is so cold.

9.Yun said that the world is mostly turned against by drama, and then don't wronged the concubine, which makes people depressed! Yu Nai took it into his arms, soothed it, and began to smile at the beginning.

The Song Dynasty was a very active period in science and technology in China. There are many talents in various sciences, and the best among them should be the first to recommend Shen Kuo. Shen Kuo was a native of Qiantang (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang).

Born 1031, died 1095. His father, Shen Zhou, once served as the governor of Runzhou, Quanzhou and Jiangdong. Shen Kuo has been with his father since he was a child, and he has traveled to many places, which has greatly expanded his horizons.

After his father's death, he became a petty official for several terms because of his father's merits, first as the chief bookkeeper and then as the county commander. During this period, he greatly promoted water conservancy and irrigated 700,000 acres of fertile land. When he was 32 years old, he was admitted to the Jinshi, and soon after, he went to the capital Kaifeng to serve.

He has done Taishi Ling, Lifting Si Tianjian, reviewing the History Museum, and Jixian Academy. At this time, Wang Anshi was the prime minister, and the new law was implemented nationwide. Shen Kuo firmly stood on the side of the new school and did a lot of work for the implementation of the new law.

He went to other places several times to inspect the implementation of the new law, went to Liao to conduct border negotiations, and won diplomatic victories. After this, the emperor promoted him to the position of the third envoy of power, in charge of the country's economy and finances. When he was 46 years old, he was falsely impeached by Zen Yu Yu Yushi Cai Qu, and was removed from his position as the envoy of the third secretary of the right and went to work as an official in other places.

At that time, the Song Dynasty and the Western Xia were at war, and Shen Kuo was appointed as the pacification envoy of the Yan Yan Road, and made many achievements in the war with the Western Xia. Two years later, he was convicted of the loss of Yongle City and was demoted again. When Shen Kuo was 57 years old, he settled in Runzhou, now Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, and bought a garden there, saying that it was similar to the place he dreamed of when he was young, so he named it "Mengxi Garden", and lived there for 8 years until he died.

Song Shenkuo was born in 1030 in Hangzhou, Zhejiang. Shen Kuo's father was a ** in the Northern Song Dynasty, and he successively served as an official in Sichuan, Fujian, Henan, Jiangsu and other places. Shen Kuo has followed his father to the north and south since he was a child; As the saying goes:

It is better to read 10,000 books than to travel 10,000 miles." The magnificent mountains and rivers of the motherland and the vast wilderness have made him increase a lot of knowledge that is not in books. Shen Kuo likes to read, but he is never superstitious about books.

He was an independent thinker, and as a result, he had unique insights in astronomy, physics, earth hunger, and other fields.