What pests and diseases are susceptible to when planting autumn tomatoes? What are the ways to preve

Prone to whiteflies, blight, and common aphids. The control method is to replenish the soil with organic matter, spray pesticides and water regularly before planting.

The pests and diseases that tomatoes planted in autumn stubble are more common in the early stage, and the diseases such as leaf mold, early blight and late blight are more serious in the later stage, and the insect pests are mainly controlled by aphids, whiteflies and cotton bollworms and other pests. The virus disease in the early stage of planting autumn tomatoes in the greenhouse is mainly due to the high temperature in the shed and the relative dryness, due to the presence of aphids, it is easy to cause viral diseases, mainly harming the leaves. In the early stage of the disease, spray with 1000 times solution of phytolectin emulsion, or 500 times solution of 20% viral morpholinoguanidine hydrochloride copper powder, spray once every 7 10 days, and spray 3 5 times in a row.

Planting autumn stubble tomatoes is easy to produce a lot of stiff fruits, as well as the second ear of fruit empty spike and the upper spike of hollow fruit, etc., should be sprayed regularly according to the situation to kill insects, with the use of nutrient foliar fertilizer, in order to avoid plant deficiency.

Common pests and diseases are gray mold, virus disease, leaf mold, early blight, aphid; It is necessary to water more, apply more fertilizer, and sprinkle poisonicides, as well as control the light level, and strengthen the measures to prevent insects and pests.

It is necessary to choose the right variety for planting, and the soil needs to be treated in advance, dried, sprayed with pesticides, and paid attention to the cleaning of weeds, so that it can be better controlled.

1.Blight is easy to cause the disease at the seedling stage, after the onset of the disease, the tomato seedlings will have poor growth, the leaves will gradually die in the later stage, and the disease part will appear dark brown rot lesions, and the spread speed is very fast.

2.Fusarium wilt disease is the disease of * transmission, the onset of the flowering and fruiting stage, one side of the leaf turns yellow, brown, and dies directly in the later stage, and the young roots will also parasitic disease, which spreads when there is a lot of rainfall. Prevention and control methods:

Choose disease-resistant varieties, rotate crop stubble planting, and tomatoes have strict requirements for fertilizer, and the amount of fertilizer must be controlled when fertilizing.

1. Choose disease-resistant varieties. 2. Advocate the use of ecological prevention and control, focusing on controlling temperature and humidity, increasing light, and preventing high humidity and low temperature. Strengthen water management, watering in the morning, watering at the seedling stage, watering thoroughly, not watering before flowering, watering lightly when flowering, watering after fruiting, draining moisture immediately after watering, and try to make the leaf surface not condensation or shorten the condensation time.

3. When cultivating in the open field, remove the stagnant water in the field in time after the rain. Increase the application of fully decomposed organic fertilizer, avoid partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, timely top dressing, and foliar spraying. The planting density should not be too high, pruning and tying the vines in time, and the lower old leaves should be appropriately removed after the plant is set with fruit.

Special chemical fertilizers should be used, because only in this way can the growth of crops be better guaranteed.

Biological fertilizer was applied to the soil, 5406 kg of bacterial seed powder per mu was used before planting, and 10-15 kg of cake fertilizer was mixed into the planting ditch, or other biological fertilizer was sprinkled on the soil. After planting, the ground is sprayed with 300 grams of "Baode" soil biological bacteria inoculant, or 500 grams of biological pleiotropic qi, which can inhibit and reduce the disease.

If the onset of the disease has begun, it is necessary to spray 2000 times of 25% amisida suspension, or 4000 times of 30% Aimiao EC, or 1500 times of 50% Kaiser water sprinkler, or 3000 times of 96% Tianda Oxalin, or 600 times of 60% anti-mildew Bao ultrafine powder, etc., respectively, mixed with 1500 times of Tianda silicone + 600 times "Tianda-2116" liquid. The above liquid medicine is used alternately, once every 7-10 days, sprayed 2-3 times continuously. In case of cloudy and snowy weather, use dust or fog agent instead.

Look at the leaves of tomatoes to see if there are holes, if there are definitely pests, you can buy some pesticides to control them.

On the leaves and fruits, the leaves are curved, stiff, and elongated, and the leaflets are incapacitated, longitudinally wrinkled, and the leaf margins are twisted and deformed. The fruit damage is manifested as fruit deformity, the most common being the mastoid umbilical fruit. Choose disease-resistant hybrids to prevent aphids in advance.

The main diseases are virus disease, late blight, gray mold, leaf mold, early blight and canker disease, etc., spray pesticides regularly, keep ventilation, and watering under the film.

1. Prevention and control at the sowing stage

1) Choose disease-resistant (resistant) varieties with good commerciality and high yield according to local conditions, such as Maofen 802, Jiafen 17, Jiafen 10, etc.

2) Seed treatment: The seeds are treated at high temperature to kill the pathogenic bacteria attached to the surface. The following methods are used for the main local diseases.

3) Seedbed: mix 50% carbendazim wettable powder with 50% Fumei double wettable powder according to 1:1, or 25% methalin wettable powder and 70% mancozeb wettable powder according to 9:

1. Mix, mix 8-10 grams per square meter with 15-30 kg of fine soil. When sowing, 1 3 is spread on the bed, and the remaining 2 3 is covered with seeds.

4) Install insect-proof net: The air outlet of the shed is closed with an insect-proof net, with a hole diameter of 25-40 mesh and a width of 1-meter, covering the air outlet.

2. The tomatoes planted in the gray mold shed are seriously diseased.

1) Appropriate application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to improve plant disease resistance. Drip irrigation and dark irrigation technology are used to prevent flooding. In the early stage of the disease, remove the residual petals and stigma, diseased leaves and fruits, and pull out the diseased plants in time to prevent the spread of the disease.

2) Pharmaceutical control: smoke fumigation, dust control of pests and diseases, compared with conventional spraying, has the advantages of not increasing the humidity in the shed, reducing labor intensity, saving pesticides, etc., and different methods can be selected according to the specific situation.

3. Early blight:

1) Diseased leaves and fruits, timely ventilation and moisture dissipation in the shed.

2) Pharmaceutical prevention and control. At the beginning of the disease, spraying and application began, and it was done once every 7 days.

4. Late blight:

1) First of all, we should control the temperature and humidity, try to reduce the temperature and humidity in the shed, control it at 26-30 during the day, and control it at 20-24 at night. Timely ventilation and humidity dissipation to keep the relative humidity at 60-70. After the onset of the disease, remove the diseased leaves and fruits.

2) Pharmaceutical prevention and control: pesticide application begins at the early stage of the disease.

5. Leaf mold:

1) Remove the lower diseased leaves in time at the early stage of the disease.

2) In the prevention and control of early blight and late blight, it can be considered to treat both, but the back of the leaf should be the main thing when spraying. Pharmaceutical control can be controlled by dust agent or fumigant.

6. Viral disease: Tomato virus disease.

The main symptoms in the field and among the fields are mosaic and leaf type, fern leaf type, stripe type and so on. In recent years, tomato stripe spot virus disease has become more and more serious. Prevention and control measures:

1) Shoot the branches at night and prevent aphids early. Late thrashing can reduce and delay the transmission of tobacco mosaic virus from agricultural practices; Early control of aphids can prevent the occurrence and spread of cucumber mosaic virus.

2) Pesticide control: 100 times of 83 anti-agent is used, and sprayed once at the seedling stage and after the seedling is slowed.

Summary. Hello, tomatoes are common dual-purpose agricultural products, it likes to grow in a suitable temperature environment, which can effectively avoid the occurrence of pests and diseases, thereby improving the commodity attributes of tomatoes, in addition, the fertilization and watering of tomatoes determine the yield and quality, and have a certain preventive effect on pests and diseases, so what are the common pests and diseases of tomatoes and control methods? Let's find out!

Hello, tomatoes are common vegetables and fruits with two feet of agricultural products, it likes to grow in a suitable temperature environment, which can effectively avoid the occurrence of pests and diseases, thereby improving the commodity attributes of tomatoes, in addition, the fertilization and watering of tomatoes determine the yield and quality, and have a certain preventive effect on pests and diseases, so what are the common pests and diseases of tomatoes and control methods? Next, let's bend the silver high together!

1. Blight is easy to cause the disease at the seedling stage, after the onset of the disease, the tomato seedlings will grow poorly, and the leaves will gradually die in the later stage, and the disease will appear dark brown rot lead rot spots, and the spread speed is very fast. Control method: Strengthening water and fertilizer management is the first step to prevent tomatoes from appearing pests and diseases, and spraying brassinolide water agent at the seedling stage to enhance plant disease resistance.

Spraying thiophanate-methyl or dimethazin at the beginning of the disease, spraying once every 7-10 days between hail can have a good prevention and control effect.

2. Fusarium wilt disease is a soil-borne disease, which occurs at the flowering and fruiting stages, one side of the leaf turns yellow, browns, and dies directly in the later stage, and the young roots will also be parasitic and spread when there is a lot of rainfall. Prevention and control methods: the selection of disease-resistant varieties, crop rotation stubble planting, and tomatoes to fertilizer requirements are stricter, fertilization must be controlled to avoid pests and diseases because of fertilizer, and pay attention to soil disinfection, with mildew wettable powder dipped in roots, after the onset of the disease, you can also use allicin emulsifiable concentrate to irrigate the number of sengen control.

3. Botrytis gray mold The disease mainly affects the fruit of tomatoes, causing the peel of Zhaoxiaoqi to appear gray-white and water-stained, soft and rotten, and the fruit stalk will also appear gray-brown mold layer, and the fruit will lose water and become rigid. The leaves die directly. Prevention and control methods:

Strengthen ventilation at ordinary times, and pay attention to controlling the light intensity, reduce the humidity of the field branches, improve the disease resistance of tomatoes, and spray the watering of Heling to avoid excessive water, increase the probability of disease, remove the diseased leaves in time, and use chlorothalonil smoke removal agent for fumigation and disinfection to avoid tomatoes susceptible.

1. Tomato early blight: tomato early blight is also called spot disease, the lesion is round or nearly round, black and brown, mainly harms tomato leaves, sometimes harms stems and fruits, high temperature and high humidity are easy to get sick, and the pathogen is a fungal semi-known fungus. To timely ventilation and dampness to reduce the occurrence of early blight, the prevention and control of early blight can be treated with 75% chlorothalonil or 50% iprodione spray according to 600 times each according to 600 times to prevent or treat the effect is good, and the smoke shed can be smoked with chlorothalonil aerosol agent.

2. Tomato late blight: tomato late blight belongs to the fungal oomycetes, which has become the most important control object of tomatoes with fast onset and strong destructiveness, and generally late blight first invades from the leaf edge, and then develops into black-brown spots, and infects the stem and fruit, causing the stem to turn black-brown around the stem, and the fruit does not become soft at the beginning, and it becomes dark green after being soaked in oil. The germs are spread by wind, rain and watering, and the disease is severe due to low temperature, high humidity, poor ventilation, and poor ventilation.

Late blight can be sprayed with frost 600 times to prevent and control, when the disease is serious, it can be sprayed with enoylmorpholine plus quasi-energy, and the fog agent can be smoked with frost plague smoke killer.

3. Tomato cotton blight: tomato cotton blight is a fungal egg disease, commonly known as "falling eggs". At the beginning of the disease, the leaves have green spots, and then they are soaked in water, and the fruit is mostly affected in the shoulder area, and the light brown spots appear to be striated, and the humidity is high, and the cotton white mold grows.

Cotton blight disease is severe at high temperature and humidity or at ground temperature and humidity. The prevention and control of cotton blight can be the same type of drugs as the prevention and control of late blight, which can be controlled by downy mildew and copper amber (copper melocy) spray, and can also be treated with dalianga enoylmorpholine spray.

Tomato seedlings are mainly affected by the following diseases.

1. Cataplexy.

After the seedlings are unearthed, continuous cloudy rainfall is most likely to occur, the base of the stem is water-stained, and then shrinks around the stem, and the seedlings lodging and die, the prevention and control method is to avoid watering in rainy days, and timely release to prevent excessive air humidity. It can be sprayed with 600 times of Pulik water agent, or 800 times of 60% fluoromorphosmanganese zinc wettable powder.

2. Blight.

It is caused by the sclerotia of the filamentous mycelium, the sowing is too dense or the seedlings are not timely, the temperature is too high, the disease is serious, and it occurs mostly after planting, which is manifested as the color of the base of the diseased stem becomes brown, and the diseased part becomes thin and shrunken, and the stems and leaves wilt, the most obvious symptom is that the seedlings wilt during the day and recover at night, and when the disease spots surround the stem for a week, the seedlings gradually die and do not lodging. It can be sprayed with 1000 times of 20% methyl phosphorus emulsifiable concentrate or 3000 times of 95% oxazalin for prevention and control.

3. Late blight.

It is easy to occur at the seedling stage. After the tomatoes are planted, there is a lot of rain in summer, and the greenhouse film is not covered tightly, and the rainwater entering the greenhouse is easy to cause late blight. The onset of the disease is rapid, and if it is not prevented and treated in time, death will occur quickly.

Late blight will make the seedlings thinner and black-brown, causing the whole plant to wilt or fall to the ground and die, and white mold will grow on the surface of the diseased part when the humidity is high. The medicine for prevention and treatment is the same as cataplexy.

4. Roots. This disease is a physiological disease. Too much watering is easy to occur rooting, mostly occurs after planting, at this time the seedlings are not easy to grow new roots, the surface of the young roots begins to rust brown, and then gradually rots, the leaves turn yellow, and serious wilting and death.

It is necessary to set up a shade net to shade and cool down, cooperate with the front and rear ventilation to prevent high temperature, and also loosen the soil in time, increase the permeability of the soil layer, and spray Jiamei gold point 800-1000 times 2-3 times to enhance disease resistance.

After the onset of early blight, the leaf mask is concentric ring-like lesions, dark brown, water-stained. Stems, petioles, fruits, etc. also have concentric ring-patterned lesions after the disease, and there is black mold on the lesions when wet. Before and after the onset of the disease, 70% mancozeb wettable powder or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 800-fold dilution of new high-lipid film can be sprayed, once every 7 days, sprayed 3 4 times.

When the leaf mold fruit is sick, there are concave and hard black spots around the pedicle, and the leaves have irregular yellow spots, and when wet, a brown mold layer is produced, which makes the leaves yellow, curled, and then falls off.

Before and after the onset of the disease, 70% mancozeb wettable powder or 50% Sukrin wettable powder + 800-fold dilution of new high-lipid film can be sprayed, once every 7 days, sprayed 3 4 times.

During the flowering period of gray mold, 50% Suclin WP or 50% primexine WP plus 800 times of new high-lipid film can be added to the anther solution, and the effect is very good. It can also be sprayed on the fruit, or pay attention to the rotation of drugs to prevent the development of drug resistance.

In the early stage of viral disease, it can be sprayed with 800 times dilution of viral Lingxin high lipid membrane, once every 7 days, sprayed 2 3 times in a row.

The petioles and main stems of late blight are black-brown rot, the seedlings wilt and lodging, the lesions start from the leaf tip and leaf margin, there is white mold when wet, dry and dry, the lesions turn from brown to dark brown, water-stained or moire-like, slightly concave, and the diseased fruit is hard. At the onset of the disease, it can be sprayed with 40% Phytophthofen WP 800-fold dilution of new high lipid film, once every 7 days. It can also be controlled by dust method, that is, spraying 5% chlorothalonil compound powder with a duster, spraying 1 kg per mu each time, and spraying it in the evening.

Umbilical rot is harmful to tomato fruits. At the onset of the disease, 1% superphosphate or calcium nitrate can be applied outside the root, and the vegetable fruit can be used once every 10 days, sprayed 2 or 3 times.

The leaves of spotted blight are water-stained at the onset of the disease, the lesions are nearly round, grayish-white, the edges are dark brown, slightly concave, such as fish-eyed, and the black dots are scattered later, which are easy to perforate. The petioles, stems, and fruits can all have small black dots.

At the beginning of the disease, 70% mancozeb wettable powder or 50% carbendazim wettable powder 800-fold dilution of new high lipid film can be sprayed, once every 7 days, sprayed 3 4 times.

The main insect pests are cotton bollworm and aphids. Cotton bollworm should be sprayed with the insecticide new high-lipid film solution every 5-7 days during the flowering period and the application should be changed frequently. Aphids can be sprayed with anti-aphid, imidacloprid and other agents and new high-lipid membrane solutions.

The above are the main pests and diseases of small tomatoes (also known as cherry tomatoes) and how to control them, I hope it will help you.