How did ancient Rome fall What does Attila the Hun have to do with it?

The political and economic decline of the Roman Empire was the internal cause of the fall of the Roman Empire, and the invasion of Attila and other kings of the Huns into Italy was the external cause of the fall of the Roman Empire.

In the Western Roman Empire, there was a constant economic crisis, a declining population, barren fields, depressed cities and villages, and weakening rule. In 410, the Visigoths occupied Rome for a time. In 452, Attila, king of the Huns, marched into Italy.

In 455, the Vandals attacked Italy and recaptured the city of Rome. Barbarian states such as the Visigothic Kingdom, the Vandal-Alan, the Burgundian Kingdom, and the Ostrogothic Kingdom were established successively. In September 476, the Germanic invasion and the deposition of the last monarch, Romulus Augustus, by its mercenary leader Odoac, brought the Western Roman Empire to an end.

The Eastern Roman Empire lasted until 1453, when it was destroyed by the Ottoman Empire.

He was Flavius Aetius. His main achievement was the defeat of the Hun invasion and his victory in one of the largest battles in ancient Europe. In 451, the Hun leader Attila invaded the Western Roman Empire, and Aetius united with the Visigothic kingdom to fight back and repel it.

Later, he repelled barbarian attacks several times. In 454, Petronius Maximus falsely accused Aetius of rebellion. Emperor Valentinian III believed it and killed Aetius.

First of all, Attila is historically classified as a "Hun". Secondly, I think I can interpret your question as, ".Whether the Huns were Huns or not

There is insufficient evidence that the "Huns" and the "Huns" are the same peopleThe conclusion of the current stage of research is that "it is very likely that the Huns and the Xiongnu are the same people".

1. The reason why it is "very likely" is mainly due to the following reasons:

1. The names are similar. The ethnic group that destroyed the Western Jin Dynasty recorded in the Dunhuang literature is hwn (pronounced hun), and we know that the Western Jin Dynasty was destroyed by the Xiongnu in the Wuhu Rebellion in history, so this hwn is the Xiongnu, which is similar to the Huns (pronunciation and spelling are hun).

2. It is also an Asian horseback riding nation.

3. There is a sequence of time. The Han Dynasty united with Xianbei and Karasuma to defeat the Xiongnu first (1st century AD), and the Huns invaded Europe later (4th century AD).

4. The cultural relics of the Xiongnu are widely distributed across the Eurasian zone from China to Eastern Europe, and the time of the cultural relics is basically consistent with the time period from the westward migration of the Xiongnu to the invasion of Europe by the Huns.

Second, the reason why it is not "100% likely" is that there are still doubts in the following areas(Of course, it's all self-justifying).

1. The social structure is different. The social structure and hierarchy of the Xiongnu recorded in Chinese history books are very sound, while the social structure of the Huns recorded in Western history books is very loose. In terms of civilization, the Huns were much higher than the Huns.

2. The manufacturing level is different. The ** used by the Huns was actually far behind the Huns.

3. Different cultural habits.

Self-justification: the social system was linked to the socio-economic situation, and the environment of the Xiongnu westward migration could not be compared with the northern part of the Han Dynasty, and they had to reorganize the social structure in a form more suitable for nomadism, which also led to the retreat of the degree of civilization; Some of the techniques were lost in the process of moving west).

3. In addition to this, there are other issues that have been reasonably explained at this stage (although not fully agreed):

1. The Huns recorded in Western historical materials are short and stout, with obvious Mongolian characteristics; The Huns, on the other hand, were tall and had obvious Caucasian characteristics. (Solution: With the development of science,The latest DNA technology has analyzed the remains of the ancient Xiongnu tombs in Mongolia and found that more than eighty percent of the blood of these Xiongnu people is of race

The depiction of the Xiongnu posture in Chinese history books is considered to be nothing more than the usual exaggeration of Central Plains historians).

2. Western history books record that there was already a nation called hunni in the northern part of the Black Sea in the second century B.C., if this hunni and the later Huns (pronounced hun) are the same people, then it can be confirmed that the Huns were not formed by the Xiongnu who migrated west after being defeated by the Han Dynasty (the first century AD), but a different people from the Xiongnu since ancient times. (Explanation: After later archaeology, cemeteries with the characteristics of Xiongnu tombs from the first to the second centuries BC were found in the area of Kazakhstan, so they appeared.)Before the Han-Hungarian Hundred Years' War, there was already a certain scale of Xiongnu westward migrationThe possibility of it).

It is a bloodline, the Xiongnu originally belonged to Donghu, and Donghu is just a Hu alliance, originated in the northeast, should be a hand of prudence, these nomads originated in the forest alpine zone, with the growth of the population of potato burning out of the forest into the grassland, and then develop and grow.

The Xiongnu are only an ethnic group active in northern China, not considered Chinese, Attila is a Xiongnu after being dispersed by the Han Dynasty, the population has decreased sharply, and it is no longer possible to continue to survive in the Mongolian steppe, because the Xiongnu abused and exploited other tribes during their own strong period, and after it was defeated by the Han Dynasty, it would be retaliated by other tribes due to the decline in strength, in order to survive, so Attila led a Xiongnu to move west.

At that time, the European war methods were backward and still belonged to the primitive period, and the Xiongnu had accumulated a lot of experience because of the long-term confrontation with the Qin Dynasty and the Han Dynasty, and the level of combat far exceeded that of Europe, so they were able to sweep through West Asia and European countries, and were called "God's whip" by Europeans.

Attila was a leader of the Xiongnu who migrated to Europe after the Xiongnu were defeated by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.

It is called the whip of God. Compared with the Han Dynasty (Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty), there is still a bit of a gap between the Xiongnu and the Han Dynasty, and they are running around the world by us.