History of World War II the more detailed the better The historical background of World War II

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1. The beginning and end of World War II.

World War II began on September 18, 1931 – Japan launched a war of aggression against China; Terminated on September 2, 1945 - Japan signed its instrument of surrender to the anti-fascist allies. The entire history of World War II can be further divided into three phases:

The first stage (the stage of waging the war):

On September 18, 1931, the Japanese fascists launched a war of aggression against China, which ignited in Asia, marking the beginning of World War II.

On October 3, 1935, the Italian fascists launched a war to invade Ethiopia, and the "World War II" spread to Africa;

On September 1, 1939, the German fascists launched a war to invade Poland, and "World War II" was in Europe, and the world war was in full swing.

Stage 2 (Expansion, Turbulence Stage):

On June 22, 1941, Germany launched a war of invasion of the Soviet Union, and the scale of "World War II" expanded;

On December 7, 1941, the Japanese fascists launched a sneak attack on the United States in the Battle of Pearl Harbor, and the scale of "World War II" was further expanded;

On January 1, 1942, 26 countries, including the United States, Britain, the Soviet Union, and China, signed the Declaration of the United Nations, determined to fight together against the fascist German-Japanese-Italian Axis bloc and never make peace alone.

The third stage is the end stage).

On June 5, 1942, the Battle of Midway ended, which became a turning point in the Pacific War;

On November 4, 1942, the Battle of El Alamein ended, which became a turning point in the war in North Africa;

On February 2, 1943, the Battle of Stalingrad ended, which became a turning point in the European theater and the entire world anti-fascist war;

On July 17, 1943, the landing in Sicily ended. In September, Mussolini's fascism in Italy collapsed, and Italy surrendered;

On May 2, 1945, the Soviet army ended the battle to conquer Berlin, and on the 8th, Germany surrendered;

On September 2, 1945, Japan signed the instrument of surrender to the Allies, winning the anti-fascist war and ending World War II.

2. Reasons for the outbreak of World War II.

The imperialist system was at the root of World War II. The main reason for the outbreak of World War II was that the British, French, and US imperialist countries, in order to maintain their vested regional and world hegemony, adopted a policy of sacrificing the interests of weak and small nations and conniving at fascist militarist aggression. The Soviet Union, as a socialist country, did not participate in the struggle for hegemony between imperialism at all, so the Soviet-German contradiction was not the main contradiction at that time.

World War II "will only break out first within the capitalist system."

3. The nature of World War II.

Although, on the whole, "World War II" was a just anti-fascist war; However, we must not ignore the unjust aspect of the imperialist struggle for hegemony in World War II, as well as the struggle and struggle between the United States and the Soviet Union (which included the contradiction between socialism and capitalism, and at the same time the contradiction between imperialism and the chauvinism of the Soviet powers). Otherwise, it will be impossible for us to correctly understand the changes in the world situation after World War II.

In the 20 years after the First World War, the economic and political forces of the capitalist countries developed unevenly, and the industrial development of Germany and Japan was more prominent, and the economic strength increased significantly; Britain, France, the United States and other countries have successively stagnated. World War II is poised to take place.

After World War II, the traditional Eurocentric pattern was replaced by a bipolar pattern between the United States and the Soviet Union. By the late 80s and early 90s, with the drastic changes in Eastern Europe and the collapse of the Soviet Union, the bipolar pattern came to an end, and the world was developing in the direction of multipolarity.

1. The emergence of a bipolar pattern: The United States pursues a hegemonic policy: After World War II, the United States became the hegemon of the capitalist world.

As its power grows, the United States attempts to further dominate the world. The United States pursued a "cold war" policy toward the Soviet Union and other socialists, and even directly launched local wars in Asia, creating a situation of confrontation between the capitalist camp and the socialist camp.

The U.S.-Soviet struggle for hegemony: After World War II, the Soviet Union became the only political and military power that could compete with the United States. After the 50s, the hegemonism of the Soviet Union expanded day by day, and the United States and the Soviet Union fought fiercely for world hegemony.

The contradictions between the United States and the Soviet Union have become the focus of contradictions in the world and seriously threaten world peace.

2. The end of the bipolar pattern: Due to the serious economic and political crisis, in the late 80s and early 90s of the 20th century, the drastic changes in Eastern Europe and the disintegration of the Soviet Union brought the bipolar pattern to an end.

3. The development of multipolarization in the world today: After the 70s of the 20 th century, the European Community, Japan, and the United States formed a three-legged situation, and the world economy became multipolar. With the drastic changes in Eastern Europe, the disintegration of the Soviet Union, and the end of the bipolar pattern between the United States and the Soviet Union, a situation of "one superpower and many powers" has emerged in the world today, and it is developing in the direction of multipolarization.

After the Second World War, Germany and Japan became defeated countries and their international status seriously declined! The old capitalist countries of Britain and France are seriously weakened! The center of the world shifted to the Americas region, and the United States and the USSR became superpowers with the power to dominate the world!

The United States became a political and economic power among capitalist countries, and the Soviet Union became a political and military power in the socialist camp, and the Cold War was used as a prelude.

The struggle between the United States and the Soviet Union for hegemony, the confrontation between socialism and capitalism.