What was the environmental quality of surface water in China in the first half of the year?

On July 25, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment notified the national surface water environmental quality status in the first half of 2018: among the 1,940 national surface water evaluation sections, the proportion of excellent (to class) sections and the proportion of poor sections are. The main pollution indicators are chemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus and ammonia nitrogen.

The circular pointed out that in the first half of 2018, 2050 national assessment sections (1940 are national surface water evaluation sections, 110 are river sections entering the sea) all adopted the collection and measurement separation mode to carry out monitoring, of which, among the 1940 national surface water assessment sections, 1925 sections were actually monitored, and the remaining 15 sections were not monitored due to flow interruption and traffic blockage.

The Yangtze River, the Yellow River, the Pearl River, the Songhua River, the Huai River, the Haihe River, the Liao River, the Northwest Rivers, the Southwest Rivers, and the Zhejiang-Fujian River have the highest water quality sections, and the main pollution indicators are chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, and total phosphorus. The average concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the Liaohe, Huanghe, Haihe and Songhua River basins was inferior to the water quality standard. The average concentration of total phosphorus in the Liaohe River Basin was inferior to the water quality standard. The average concentration of chemical oxygen demand in the Haihe River basin was inferior to the water quality standard. Among the ten major river basins, the water quality of the northwest and southwest rivers is excellent, the water quality of the Zhejiang-Fujian river, the Pearl River and the Yangtze River basin is good, the Yellow River, Huai River, Haihe River and Songhua River basin are lightly polluted, and the Liaohe River basin is moderately polluted.

Among the 111 key lakes (reservoirs) monitored, the water quality of the first class accounted for the proportion, and the water quality of the inferior class accounted for the proportion. The main pollution indicators affecting the water quality of lakes (reservoirs) are total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand and permanganate index.

Further monitoring of eutrophication in key lakes (reservoirs) showed that 6 lakes (reservoirs) were in a state of moderate eutrophication, accounting for 23 lakes (reservoirs) were in a mild eutrophication state, accounting for; The rest of the lakes (reservoirs) did not show eutrophication.

The environmental quality assessment of surface water should be based on the functional category of the water area to be realized, select the corresponding category standard, and carry out a single-factor evaluation, and the evaluation results should explain the water quality standard, and the exceeding standard should explain the exceeding items and multiples of the exceedance. Water areas with obvious characteristics in abundant, flat and dry periods should be evaluated for water quality in different water periods. The items of water quality assessment of centralized domestic drinking water surface water sources shall include the basic items in Table 1, the supplementary items in Table 2 and the specific items selected and determined by the administrative departments of environmental protection of the people's ** at or above the county level from Table 3.

Returning farmland to forest is a major measure that China has been insisting on implementing for many years, which mainly refers to the planned and step-by-step cessation of cultivation of sloping farmland that is prone to soil erosion, and the restoration of afforestation according to local conditions, which not only helps to improve the local ecological environment and surface environment, but also makes the air cleaner and brings good news to future generations. Up to now, this plan has achieved remarkable results, such as maintaining a high level of forest preservation rate, rapid growth in the income of farmers who have returned farmland to farmland, and basic guarantee for the long-term livelihood of farmers returning farmland to farmland, so as to achieve both environmental and economic attention.

The emission of pollutants has always been a major cause of environmental and air quality, such as the Beijing-Tianjin-Wing area often has haze due to excessive emissions, which not only contains a large amount of harmful particulate matter, but also is not conducive to human health. In recent years, China has increased the treatment of pollutant emissions and formulated relevant standards, which has achieved certain results in the first half of 2022, such as the proportion of good days in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas increased by one percentage point year-on-year, the concentration decreased year-on-year, and the air quality in other parts of the country has improved.

Compared with the garbage floating in the river in the early years, in recent years, China's measures in the water ecological environment management have been implemented quite well, such as the construction of a number of sewage treatment plants across the country, so that the quality of the national surface water environment continues to improve, if it can continue to be implemented in the future and people's own quality is gradually improved, I believe that China's water ecological environment will become better and better. In addition, in the first half of this year, China's soil environmental conditions, groundwater environmental quality, and acoustic environment quality were in a stable and improving state. In general, in addition to the relevant measures formulated by the state, individual citizens should also learn to protect the environment from themselves, such as not littering, not using plastic products excessively, and not littering.

First, the task of pollution reduction has been overfulfilled, and the environmental quality has continued to improve. During the 11th Five-Year Plan period, when the economic growth rate and total energy consumption exceeded the planned expectations, the sulfur dioxide emission reduction target was achieved one year ahead of schedule, and the chemical oxygen demand emission reduction target was achieved six months ahead of schedule. According to preliminary estimates, in 2010, the national chemical oxygen demand emissions decreased by about 12 compared with 2005, and sulfur dioxide decreased by about 14, both of which exceeded the emission reduction task.

Second, the construction of environmental infrastructure has advanced by leaps and bounds. In the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan", a total of 500 million kilowatt coal-fired power plant desulfurization facilities have been completed and operated, and the proportion of thermal power desulfurization units in the country has increased from 12 in 2005 to 80; The new sewage treatment capacity exceeded 50 million tons per day, and the national urban sewage treatment rate increased from 52 in 2005 to more than 75. Henan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Guangdong and other provinces and counties have built sewage treatment plants, and Ningxia has taken the lead in starting the construction of sewage treatment plants in counties and counties in northwest China.

The first is that China will continue to promote green and low-carbon development, strengthen pollution control and ecological protection and restoration, handle the relationship between development and emission reduction, and promote the harmonious coexistence of man and nature. Second, all regions and departments should fight the tough battle of pollution prevention and control, strengthen the coordinated control of multiple pollutants in the atmosphere and regional coordinated governance, increase the pollution control of important rivers, lakes and bays, continue to promote the prevention and control of soil pollution, and make new progress in the construction of a beautiful China. The third is to deepen the market mechanism in the treatment of pollution at the end of the term, and establish a system of "who governs, who pays".

The polluter pays is an important basic condition for deepening the market mechanism in the treatment of pollution end-of-line.

China Environment News reporter Guo Wensheng trainee reporter Ren Xiaoliang reported from Tianjin The Tianjin Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment recently announced the environmental quality status of surface water and the ranking of river water quality in the first quarter of this year.

In the first quarter, among the 20 national examination sections in Tianjin, 10 were class-class water quality sections, accounting for 4 inferior water quality sections, all of which were the same as the same period last year; The average concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus decreased year-on-year, and the decreases were and respectively.

In terms of the environmental quality of surface water in each district, in the first quarter, the comprehensive water pollution index of each district was between to, and the better water quality was Baodi District, Hongqiao District and Ninghe District; Compared with the same period last year, the concentrations of major pollutants in four districts increased to varying degrees, namely Hexi District, Jizhou District, Baodi District and Ninghe District. The average concentration ratio of exit and entry in each district was between to , and the top three areas with improved outbound water quality compared with inbound water quality were Baodi District, Xiqing District and Ninghe District. According to the comprehensive pollution index, the year-on-year change rate and the ratio of entry and exit concentrations, the top three are Jinnan District, Baodi District and Nankai District.

In terms of river water quality ranking, in the first quarter, the water quality of 10 rivers, including the Jizhou section of the Zhouzhou River in Tianjin, the North Chenhong Bridge section of the North Canal, and the North Chenhong Bridge section of the North Canal, was relatively good, while the water quality of 10 rivers, including the North Chen section of the Outer Ring River, the west section of the Jinhe River, and the northern section of the Crescent River, was poor.

In terms of water quality ranking, in the first quarter, there were 38 outlets (gates) in the Duliu River Basin, of which 15 were cut off. Among the 23 water-filled outlets (gates), 5 outlets (gates) such as the Daduzhuang pumping station of the South Canal have good drainage water quality, and 5 outlets (gates) such as Liumihe petrochemical station have poor drainage water quality.

The environmental quality of surface water in Tianjin in the first quarter was quite good.

At present, Tianjin has invested a lot of manpower and material resources in environmental governance.

The two-pronged approach is that the environmental quality of surface water is good and of high quality.

On May 15, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE) announced the list of cities lagging behind in meeting water environment quality standards in the first quarter of 2018. According to the monitoring data of surface water environmental quality, in the first quarter of 2018, 73 prefecture-level cities across the country lagged behind in meeting the surface water environmental quality standards, and the task of water pollution prevention and control was very arduous.

Among them, the 10 cities with the most outstanding lag in reaching the standard are: Tieling City, Yan'an City, Jilin City, Siping City, Harbin City, Kunming City, Xinyang City, Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture, Anshan City, and Hefei City. Among them, Jilin Province accounts for three cities, namely Jilin City, Siping City, and Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture.

On August 14, the Ministry of Environmental Protection announced the water quality situation of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in the first half of this year. Overall, the quality of the water environment in the country is improving, but the progress of the work of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities is uneven, and it is difficult for some areas to achieve the 2017 water quality target.

According to the published situation, in the first half of the year, the proportion of water bodies with excellent surface water quality (Class I to III) in the country was 70, an increase of one percentage point year-on-year. The annual target for 2017 for this indicator is:

At the same time, in the first half of the year, the proportion of surface water bodies that lost their use function (inferior to Class V) was a year-on-year decrease of one percentage point. The target for 2017 is that there is still a need to continue to reduce the proportion of "bad water".

Among them, the proportion of water bodies with excellent water quality in 8 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, including Hebei, Jilin, Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Chongqing, Guizhou and Shaanxi, decreased year-on-year, that is, the "good water" decreased; In five provinces and regions, including Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, Jiangxi, Guizhou and Shaanxi, the proportion of "bad water" increased, that is, the proportion of water bodies that lost their functional functions increased year-on-year.

From the perspective of water quality sections, in the first half of this year, a total of 27 sections of water quality declined across the country. Among them, 4 are involved in Hebei Province, 3 in Jilin Province, 2 each in Shaanxi, Shanxi, Shandong, Liaoning, Jiangxi, Guizhou and other provinces, and 1 each in Yunnan, Sichuan, Heilongjiang, Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, Beijing, Anhui and other provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities.

I wish the quality of my country's water environment is getting better and better.