What are the pathogenic microorganisms that must not be detected in disinfectants

Summary. 1. Chemical monitoring: According to the performance of disinfection and sterilizers, the effective concentration should be monitored regularly, such as chlorine-containing disinfectants should be monitored daily, glutaraldehyde should be monitored not less than once a week, and glutaraldehyde used for endoscopic disinfection or sterilization must be monitored daily or before use.

2. Biological monitoring: the disinfectant must be used once a quarter, and its bacterial content must be 100cfu ml, and pathogenic microorganisms shall not be detected; The sterilant is once a month and no microorganisms must be detected.

The management of disinfectants requires that the microbial detection of disinfectants in use should be less than the amount.

Hello The management requirements of disinfectants, the microbial detection of disinfectants in use should be less than the bacterial content of disinfectants in use 100cfu ml, 1. Chemical monitoring: according to the performance of disinfection and sterilizers, the effective concentration monitoring should be carried out regularly, such as chlorine-containing disinfectants should be monitored daily, glutaraldehyde should be monitored not less than once a week, and glutaraldehyde used for endoscopic wide smile fiber disinfection or sterilization must be monitored daily or before use. 2. Biological monitoring:

The disinfectant must be used once a quarter, and its bacterial content must be 100cfu ml, and pathogenic microorganisms must not be detected and imitated; The sterilant should be used once a month, and no microliters of organisms should be detected.

Answer]: a. Disinfectants and sterilizers in use should be monitored biologically and chemically. Biological monitoring of disinfectants should be carried out once a quarter, and the bacterial content must be 100cfu ml, and pathogenic microorganisms should not be detected.

The disinfection effectiveness of chemical disinfectants is not affected by the number of pathogenic organisms.

The factors that affect the effectiveness of chemical disinfectants are:

1. The nature and concentration of disinfectants: - The concentration of general disinfectants is proportional to the disinfection effect, except for ethanol. There is a certain relationship between the use time of the disinfectant and the concentration, and the higher the concentration, the shorter the disinfection time.

2. Types and physiological conditions of bacteria: the same disinfectant has different killing effects on different microorganisms, and is also related to the number of bacteria, the age of bacteria and the presence or absence of spores. Bacterial spores have the strongest resistance, and young bacteria are more sensitive than old bacteria, and the more bacteria they have, the longer the disinfection time is required.

3。Effect of temperature and pH: The sterilization process is a chemical reaction, and the speed of the chemical reaction increases with the increase of temperature, so the high temperature has a good sterilization effect. The pH also has an effect on the effective agent of the disinfection.

4. The influence of environmental cognition: bacteria are often mixed with some organic matter of Hongna, which has a protective effect on bacteria and combines with disinfectants to affect the sterilization effect.

There are many kinds of disinfectants, and their active ingredients are also different depending on their effects.

a. Oxidation The sterilization mechanism is to release new ecological atomic oxygen and oxidize the active groups in the bacterium; Sterilization is characterized by fast and strong action, which can kill all microorganisms, including bacterial spores and viruses. It is mainly used for surface disinfection, such as chlorine dioxide, hydrogen peroxide, ozone, sodium hypochlorite, etc., and this kind of disinfectant is a sterilizing agent.

b. The bactericidal mechanism of aldehydes is to denature or alkylate proteins; Bactericidal characteristics are effective against bacteria, spores, fungi and viruses. However, the temperature has a greater effect. Such as formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, etc. This type of disinfectant can be used as a disinfectant.

c. The bactericidal mechanism of phenols is to denature, precipitate or inactivate the enzyme system; Bactericidal characteristics are effective against fungi and some viruses. d. The bactericidal mechanism of alcohols is to denature proteins and interfere with metabolism; Bactericidal characteristics are effective against bacteria, but ineffective against spores, fungi, and viruses, such as ethanol, ethylene propyl alcohol, etc. This type of disinfectant is a medium-potency disinfectant and can only be used for general disinfection.

e. Alkali and salt The bactericidal mechanism is to denature, precipitate or dissolve proteins; Sterilization is characterized by killing bacterial propagules, bacterial spores, viruses and some microorganisms that are difficult to kill. Strong bactericidal effect and strong corrosiveness, such as sodium hydroxide, calcium oxide, salt (non-corrosive), etc. Generally, it can only be used as a preventive disinfectant and sterilization washing solution.

f. Halogens The bactericidal mechanism is the active gene in the oxidized bacterium, which binds to the amino group to denature the protein; It is characterized by being able to kill most microorganisms, mainly surface disinfection, unstable in nature, and the sterilization effect is greatly affected by environmental conditions, such as sodium hypochlorite, chlorogen, etc. This type of disinfectant is a medium-effect disinfectant and can be used as a general disinfectant.

g. The sterilization mechanism of surfactants is to change the permeability of the cell membrane, make the cytoplasm leak, hinder respiration or denature the protease; Bactericidal characteristics are that it can kill bacterial propagules, but has poor effect on spores, fungi, viruses, and tuberculosis bacteria. The effect is good under alkaline and neutral conditions, such as Xinjieer, 100 poison killing, etc. This type of disinfectant is a low- to medium-efficiency disinfectant and can be used as a general disinfectant.

In fact, in other words, the microorganisms that the disinfectant can kill are only a few of the microorganisms, and most of the microorganisms, the disinfectant is powerless, and high-temperature and high-pressure sterilization is still king.

The disinfectant can only kill pathogenic microorganisms, if you want to say anything, each disinfectant is different, the main category of disinfectant is divided into three types: high efficiency, medium effect and low efficiency, high efficiency kills much, medium effect is average, low efficiency kills very little.

This doesn't seem to be possible, you see what disinfectant is against what virus.

Measures to kill all microorganisms are called sterilization.

1. The difference between disinfection and sterilization.

Cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization are important aspects of infection prevention and control. It includes measures such as cleaning and disinfection of the internal and external environments of hospitals and beauty salons, disinfection and sterilization of diagnosis and treatment utensils, instruments, and drugs, as well as disinfection and isolation and terminal disinfection of patients who come into contact with infectious diseases.

1. The concept of disinfection and sterilization: disinfection refers to killing or removing pathogenic microorganisms on the transmission medium to achieve harmless treatment. According to whether there is a known source of infection, it can be divided into preventive disinfection and epidemic source disinfection; According to the disinfection time, it can be divided into ready disinfection and terminal disinfection.

Sterilization is the killing or removal of all microorganisms (including spores) from the vector to the point of sterility. Sterilized items are called "sterile articles". It is used for medical equipment that needs to enter the human body, including blood, tissues, and body cavities, such as surgical instruments, injection utensils, and all drainage tubes placed in body cavities, etc., which are required to be absolutely sterile.

In fact, there is a strict distinction between the concepts of "sterilization" and "disinfection". Disinfection is to kill and eliminate all pathogenic microorganisms, while sterilization is to kill bacteria, fungi, etc., and has no effect on viruses; What can be sterilized can generally be sterilized, but what can be sterilized may not be sterilized. Disinfection and sterilization are two different concepts.

Sterilization can include disinfection, but disinfection is not a substitute for sterilization. Disinfection is mostly used for hygiene and epidemic prevention, while sterilization is mainly used for medical care.

2. Concept of sterilization: Sterilization refers to the method of killing or removing all microorganisms. It includes:

1) Physical sterilization method: including dry heat sterilization (including incineration, burning, baking, etc.), moist heat sterilization (including hot pressure sterilization, flow steam sterilization, boiling sterilization, low-temperature batch sterilization and pasteurization), ultraviolet sterilization, filter sterilization, radiation sterilization, microwave sterilization, etc.

2) Chemical sterilization method: including gas sterilization method (such as ethylene oxide, formaldehyde solution heating fumigation, etc.), application of chemical fungicide sterilization method (such as Xinjieer sterilization solution, about 2% phenol or coal phenol soap solution, 75% ethanol, etc.).

Measures to kill all microorganisms are called sterilization.

Sterilization: refers to the method of killing or removing all microorganisms on an object, including bacterial swells that are extremely resistant Sterilization: refers to the method of killing pathogenic microorganisms on an object, and spores or non-pathogenic microorganisms may still survive Antiseptic:

Methods to prevent or inhibit the growth and reproduction of bacteria in vitro Sterile: refers to the absence of viable bacteria. An operating technique that prevents bacteria from entering the human body or other items, known as aseptic operation.

Disinfection refers to a method that kills pathogenic microorganisms, but not necessarily bacterial spores. Chemical methods are usually used to achieve the effect of disinfection. The chemicals used for disinfection are called disinfectants.

The method of killing all microorganisms (including bacterial spores) on an object is called sterilization, and the purpose of sterilization is usually achieved by physical methods.

Chemical disinfection and sterilization is a method that uses various chemical disinfectants to remove or kill microorganisms.

Chemicals that have a killing effect on microorganisms are called bactericidal.

can be divided into gas sterilants and liquid sterilants. Fungicides are only effective against microbial propagules and cannot kill spores. The killing effect of chemical fungicides mainly depends on the type and number of microorganisms, the smoothness or porosity of the surface of the object, and the properties of the fungicide.

The purpose of chemical sterilization is to reduce the number of microorganisms in order to control a certain sterility.

Article 27 of the Law on the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases stipulates that: "Relevant units and individuals shall, under the guidance of disease prevention and control institutions or in accordance with the sanitary requirements put forward by them, strictly disinfect sewage, dirt, places and articles contaminated by pathogens of infectious diseases; If the disinfection treatment is refused, the local health administrative department or disease prevention and control agency shall carry out compulsory disinfection and rock cracking. Article 47 provides:

Items contaminated by infectious disease pathogens or that may be contaminated by infectious disease pathogens in epidemic areas can be used after disinfection and can be used after disinfection and coarse pants closure, and they can be used, ** and transported only after disinfection treatment under the guidance of local disease prevention and control institutions. ”