What is the connotation of Das Kapital, what is the essence of Das Kapital

CapitalThe essence can be highly summarized as "one theme, three series".

One theme", that is, the main idea of "Capital" is to reveal the capitalist system.

The so-called "three series" of the historical trend of inevitable demise means that in the process of expounding its main idea, Capital also analyzes a series of laws and scientific principles of socialized production, socialized commodity economy, and communist society at multiple levels.

Significance of Capital:

1. The basic contradictions of capitalism cannot be overcome by itself, so as to strengthen confidence in the victory of the socialist cause under the blind guidance of the party leaders.

Marx. The theory of reproduction makes us understand that in order to truly understand the basic contradiction of capitalism, we must not only see the contradiction between the planned individual enterprises and the unplanned social production, but also see the contradiction between the trend of unlimited expansion of production and the purchasing power of the masses of the people who have the ability to pay, and see that this contradiction is the conflict between the use value and the value, and the conflict between production and consumption inherent in capitalist reproduction.

The fatal "dead hole" of capitalism is the contradiction of "overproduction" that is inevitably caused by the capitalist mode of production. Under capitalism, this contradiction manifests itself in periodic economic crises.

And it will become more and more prosperous, and it will inevitably be socialized in the end.

replaced. 2. Today, world capitalism is facing a more serious "realization problem", and it is necessary to be highly vigilant against the uncertainty of the external environment. When Capital was first published, only Britain had completed the Industrial Revolution.

The industrial revolution in Western Europe and North America has only just begun or is in progress, and the productive forces are in capitalist relations of production.

There is still a lot of room for development.

3. Do a good job in China's own affairs and meet new and greater challenges. First of all, in terms of economy, based on the domestic consumer market with a population of more than 1.4 billion, we should implement the requirements of building a new development pattern put forward by the first country. It is necessary to uphold the common development of the economy with public ownership as the mainstay and various forms of ownership, persist in taking distribution according to work as the mainstay and the coexistence of various forms of distribution, and improve the socialist market economic system.

The essence of Capital is "one theme, three series". "One theme" is Das Kapital

The main idea is to reveal the capitalist system.

The so-called "three series" of the historical trend of inevitable demise is that in the process of expounding its main ideas, Capital also analyzes socialized production, socialized commodity economy, and communist society at multiple levels.

A series of laws and scientific principles.

Its quantitative analysis is reflected in:

The first is concepts and measures, such as the duality of labor, living labor, mental labor, value, use value, commodity value, socially necessary labor time, virtual capital, capital circulation, capital turnover, etc.

The second is the conceptual structure and measurement, such as value and use value, abstract labor and concrete labor, living labor and materialized labor, complex labor and simple labor, mental labor and physical labor, value formation (C+V+M), production consumption and personal consumption, simple reproduction and expanded reproduction of surplus, means of subsistence (material means of life and spiritual means of life) and means of production.

means of labor and objects of labor), fictitious capital in the narrow and broad sense, etc.

Firstly, the main contents of the labor theory of value are expounded: (1) commodities are the unity of use value and value, and value is its social attribute; (2) commodities contain the duality of labor, which forms value as identical, undifferentiated or abstract human labor; as concrete and useful labor, producing use value; (3) private labor and social labor constitute the root cause of the inherent contradiction of commodities, and are therefore the basic contradictions of the commodity economy; (4) Where does the enigmatic nature of the product of labor come from as soon as it takes the form of a commodity? Apparently from this form of labor itself.

That is, the fetishistic nature of commodities arises from the commodity form itself, and its essence is "to reflect the social relations between the producer and the total labor as the social relations between things that exist outside the producer." (5) "It is only the amount of socially necessary labour, or the socially necessary labour time for the production of use-value, that determines the amount of value of that use-value". The monetary representation of the value of a commodity is the ** of the commodity.

** Inconsistency with value does not violate the law of value, but is the only possible form in which the law of value works. Marx noted: "The possibility of the inconsistency of the quantity between the quantity and the quantity of value, or the possibility of deviating from the quantity of value, is already contained in the form itself."

But this is not the disadvantage of this form, but, on the contrary, it makes it an appropriate form of a mode of production in which rules can only carve their way for themselves as laws of averages that work blindly without regularity. ”

The monetary theory was also established, pointing out that the form of value refers to the manifestation of commodity value, and that the development of the form of value has successively gone through simple, individual or accidental forms of value, aggregate or enlarged forms of value, general forms of value and forms of money, and that money is the result of the long-term development of the form of value. The essence of money is a fixed special commodity that acts as a general equivalent, which is the inevitable result of the development of commodity exchange and the inevitable product of the development of the inherent contradictions of the commodity economy