What is a train and what are the conditions?

Trains, i.e., train sets, refer to trains that are connected in rows composed of traction locomotives and carriages carrying goods or passengers. It is divided into two main types, railway trains: that is, trains, which are generally formed.

Road trains: that is, assembly cars, car groups, road car groups, Australia's mine transport car groups, and China's smart rail trains.

The vehicles that make up the train are divided into locomotives and vehicles, the role of the locomotive is to provide power for the train, and the role of the vehicle is to realize the function of the train. EMUs are also trains. There is no distinction between locomotives and rolling stock in the train, and only the smallest complete functional unit is regarded as a whole train.

Depending on the type of railway, the corresponding train will be different.

The Technical Regulations say: "A train is a train that is made up of trains and has locomotives and train signs as required. "The traditional train is a locomotive attached to a train (several vehicles are linked together to become a train, even if there is only one), and the train sign is displayed, and the train tail sign is displayed, which is a train.

In addition, there is a supplement after the technical regulations: "Stand-alone, bullet trains and heavy-duty rail cars, although they do not fully meet the train conditions, should also be handled according to the train." That is to say, like a single machine (there is only one locomotive or two or three locomotives hanging together, and no wagons are hung behind), EMUs (today's EMU trains in China are all power dispersed, that is to say, not only the head of the EMU to pull the whole train, but the power in the whole EMU is dispersed in each carriage, and individual carriages are powered.

and heavy-duty rail cars (involving engineering vehicles and inspection vehicles for public works and overhaul sections), which are nominally incompatible with the traditional interpretation of the train, need to be handled in accordance with the train when running.

Definition of train According to the train marshalling plan, the train timetable and the conditions specified in the relevant provisions of the "Railway Technical Management Regulations", the train is hung together, and the locomotive and the specified train sign are hung, and the train with the crew is called the train.

The meaning of the train number.

1-98 times, for the express train, referred to as the express, generally only stop at the big city station.

101-298 times, for the through express, referred to as the direct express, at the station of the city above the middle or the transit city.

301-398 times, for the express train in the district, referred to as the tube express or general express, in the small town above the city station parking.

401-448 times, for ordinary passenger trains, referred to as straight express, commonly known as slow trains, stop at most small stations.

451-598 times, for the passenger car in the management area, referred to as the passenger or general tube, also known as the slow train, every small station along the railway stops.

601-678 times, for temporary buses, also slow trains.

691-698 times, mixed trains.

701-740 times, for suburban trains.

Tours 1-48 times, for tourist trains.

Train "language".

A long whistle represents the most meaning. The locomotive starts or will arrive at the station, and there are crossings, bridges, tunnels, etc. in front of it. If you notice someone walking on the tracks, the train will sound a long warning sound.

One long and three short, it is a rescue signal to find a dangerous situation or a major accident on the train.

Continuous short beep is to find an accident and report to the adjacent train; 1 short sound is to announce that the distance between the car is 3 cars, and 2 short sound is 5 cars away; 3 short tones for 10 cars away.

2 long sound, that is to report that the car is going back.

Marking of the carriage.

Letters such as "YZ" and "YW" are written next to the doors of each train car. "YZ" is the mark of a hard-seater car, which is composed of the first letter of the Chinese character "yingzuo". And "yw" means that it is a hard sleeper car; "RW" is a sleeper car; "RZ" is a soft-seat car; "XL" is the luggage room; "CA" is for dining car; "P" stands for boxcar; The "S" is the car.

1. High-speed railway EMU.

High-speed railway EMU, commonly known as high-speed rail, with a G prefix. G is the Chinese spelling of the world.

High". That's right, the first letter of the passenger train number is indicated by the beginning letter of its abbreviation, Hanyu Pinyin. The speed of high-speed railway EMUs is more than 250 kilometers per hour, and the maximum speed is mostly 300 kilometers per hour. It mostly runs on the passenger dedicated line of ballastless railway.

2. Intercity EMU trains.

Intercity EMU trains, commonly known as city railways, prefix C. C is the first letter of the Chinese pinyin "city". Intercity EMU trains generally run on intercity passenger dedicated lines, and are engaged in the organization of "bus-oriented" short-distance transportation and return to Xian. The maximum speed can reach 300 km/h.

3. Ordinary EMU trains.

Ordinary EMU trains, commonly known as bullet trains, with a D prefix.

D is the first letter of the Chinese pinyin "moving". Compared with high-speed rail and urban railway, ordinary EMU trains mainly run on existing railway lines, which are often referred to as old railway lines. Therefore, its speed is a little slower than that of high-speed rail and urban railway, with a maximum speed of 200 kilometers per hour.

4. Direct express passenger train.

Direct express passenger train, commonly known as straight, Z-prefix. z is the first letter of "straight" in Chinese pinyin. After the train departs from the departure station, it generally does not stop on the way and directly arrives at the terminal station.

Of course, there are some direct stops, but there are very few stops. It can operate at speeds of up to 160 km/h. The more familiar Z24 times (Shenzhen - Wuchang.

It's a car of this kind.

5. Express passenger trains.

Express passenger trains, commonly known as express trains, with a T-prefix. T is the first letter of the Chinese pinyin "special". Compared to the direct express train, the express passenger train has a little more stops.

It can operate at speeds of up to 140 km/h. The more familiar T96 times (Shenzhen - Hankou.

It's a car of this kind.

6. Fast passenger trains.

Fast passenger trains, commonly known as express trains, with a K prefix. K is the first letter of the Chinese pinyin "fast". It operates at a maximum speed of 120 kilometers per hour. The more familiar K437 times (Huizhou - Hankou) is this type of car.

In order to make all kinds of automobile trains have appropriate speed, in order to ensure high transportation productivity, the specific power of automobile trains (the ratio of the rated power of the tractor to the total weight of the fully loaded automobile train) should not be less than 7 kilowatt tons. In countries with developed industries and better road conditions, the specific power of car trains running on highways is mostly kilowatt tons. Since the 70s, in order to save energy, the specific power of automobile trains in various countries has decreased, generally in kilowatt tons.

In addition, there is a super-heavy car train consisting of an over-heavy tractor and an over-heavy trailer.

Which of the following are included in the dust-like grinding of railway vehicles?

a.Boxcars. b.Flat car.

c.Gondola. d.The tanker is empty.

Correct answer: tanker.