What are the influences on the emergence and development of Qin Xiaozhen?

QinSmall sealsIn the late Warring States period. State of QinAfter its establishment, it was a unique national script used by the Qin State to record history and culture, exchange and study. After the Qin king defeated the six countries and unified the whole country, the culture and language of each country were different.

Unify all currencies, words, languages, and gauges in one place. Let the whole country learn the same system, and the script and language are easy to manage. So Qin Xiaozhen wrote this kind of text.

It came into being and became the orthodox text propagated by the Qin State. The whole country began to learn Qin Xiaozhen and develop Qin Xiaozhen characters. After several generations of development by the Qin Dynasty, the people of the whole country are well aware of the benefits of a unified script.

Finally, Qin Xiaozhen was used as the orthodox script. Spread and develop. From the small seal, official script, cursive, regular script, line script and other calligraphy styles to evolve, it was born from the development of Qin Xiao Seal.

About the emergence and development of Qin Xiaozhen. I have the following points.

The font structure of Qin Xiaozhen is slightly simpler, which conforms to pictographs and is easy to learn. Because at that time, the late Warring States period stood side by side. Different regions have different cultures.

It's inconvenient for everyone to communicate together. So the king of Qin thought of a good way to unify the six kingdoms. The unified script Qin Xiaozhen was created to make it easier for people to learn culture and understand it.

It is the mustard of all countries.

Elimination, everyone forms a new nation.

It was a means used by the Qin people to consolidate the minds of the people. After learning Qin Xiaozhen. Jing is half of the Qin people.

Then the father is teaching his son and the son is passing on to his grandson, and after three generations, basically the original culture, language, and local customs will be weakened a little bit, and gradually forgotten. Everyone only knows the Qin script and culture. Change the minds of the people of other countries and turn them all into natives of the Qin State.

After people get used to it, they are willing to develop this relatively simple and easy to learn culture. After several generations, everyone finds this culture easy to understand. I won't have to learn about niche languages and cultures.

The culture at that time was greatly developed, people's exchanges were smoother, the development of literati was promoted, and the country became stronger and stronger.

The influence on the time was very important, and it also had a certain value for the writing and evolution of the written word, and had a profound impact on later generations. It has also made this font popular with more and more people, and it also has a high status in the calligraphy world, and it has a high historical value until now.

It may affect the culture, but also affect the evolution of Chinese characters, there will be different cultural characteristics, you can also organize the font, and you can continue to enhance the cultural concept.

It is very local characteristics, very literary, and has achieved unification at that time, and many literati and writers like to use this kind of character, and it also unifies their thoughts.

The characteristics of Qin Xiaozhen are that on the basis of the traditional text, the complex is simplified, the abolition of the variant and the creation, and the unification of the national script. This style of writing is more simplified, the lines are even, and the characters are vertical. It is a great progress in Chinese characters in China, and it is also an important milestone in the history of the development of Chinese characters.

It opened up a broad road for the later reform of Kai, Li, Xing and Cursive Scripts. Some small seals are cast on ironware, some are engraved on stone pillars, stone tablets, from the actual materials seen so far, Qin small seals are generally cast and engraved on iron tools and weights and measures, runes, currency, edicts. The words are big and small, the chapter is natural, the knot is dignified, the branch is white and neat, which is the essence and representative of the small seal.

At that time, it was in the Bronze Age, and all aspects were not particularly developed, and the small seal script at that time was relatively popular, and it was the era of Confucianism, so the small seal would be implemented. The thickness is the same, it belongs to the standard text, has the form of writing, has a balanced and symmetrical effect, and the style is relatively standardized.

Because the Qin Dynasty liked to save trouble at that time, and the small seal was very easy to write with a few simple strokes, and the writing feature of the small seal was very round.

That's right, Qin Shi Huang stipulated that the small seal is the common language of the whole country, and the Qin Dynasty was the first unified dynasty in the history of our country.

Wrong, the small seal is not the development of the script itself, but the product of Qin Shi Huang's unification of the script.

The representative works of the Qin Dynasty Xiao Seal include "Mount Tai Carved Stone", "Cangjie Chapter", "Calendar Chapter", "Erudite Chapter", "Yishan Carved Stone", "Langya Carved Stone", "Zhifu Carved Stone" and so on. After Qin Shi Huang unified China (221 BC), the small seal implemented the policy of "the same text for the book, the same track for the car", and unified the policy of weights and measures. It was popular in China until the end of the Western Han Dynasty (about 8 A.D.), when it was gradually replaced by Lishu.

However, due to its beautiful font, it has always been favored by calligraphers. And because of its complex strokes, the shape of the balance of the style of the ancient, and can be added at will, the seal engraving, especially the need for anti-counterfeiting official seals, has been using the seal script until the fall of the feudal dynasty, the emergence of new anti-counterfeiting technology in modern times.

The Qin Dynasty small seal is an important stage in the history of the development of Chinese calligraphy and represents one of the peaks of ancient Chinese calligraphy. The following are a few representative works of the Qin Dynasty Xiao Seal:

1."Tongquetai No. 3 Qin Jian": This is an order of a servant in the period of Qin Shi Huang, and it is a model for the practical application of small seals. Its small seal shape is regular and strong, the lines are hard and powerful, and the whole gives people a solemn, rigorous and solemn feeling.

2."Han Law Shu Yi": This is a legal classic in the Western Han Dynasty, written by Xiao Seal. This classic is very important in terms of content, and it has also reached a peak in writing, with dignified and neat characters, clear and powerful lines, full strokes, and both form and spirit.

3."Lü's Spring and Autumn Lao Wang": This is a philosophical classic compiled by Lü Buwei during the Warring States Period, in which a large number of small seals have become one of the representative works of ancient small seals. Its glyphs are more unrestrained, and the strokes are full of force, but they do not lose the sense of rules and order.

These works represent the writing characteristics and artistic style of the small seals of the Qin Dynasty, and have a profound influence on later generations of calligraphers.

Peculiarity. 1. It is rectangular, with a square letter and a half for the degree, a word for the body, and a half word for the hanging foot, with a rough ratio of about 3:2.

2. The strokes are horizontal and vertical, round and even, and the thickness is basically the same. All horizontal and vertical paintings are equidistant and parallel, all strokes are mainly circles, the circle is round, the circle is round, the circle is round, and the circle is square, so that the circle is alive and full of fun.

3. It is balanced and symmetrical, and the balance and symmetry of spatial division are the unique charm of the seal script. Symmetry exists not only in left-right symmetry, top-down symmetry, but also in the local symmetry of the word, the symmetry of the left and right inclination of the arc stroke.

4. It is tight at the top and loose at the bottom, most of the main part of the small seal is in the upper half, and the lower half is the telescopic hanging foot. Of course, there are also characters without feet, the main stroke is in the lower part, and the upper stroke can be raised.

In the 26th year of the First Emperor, at the suggestion of Li Si, Qin Shi Huang issued a decree to "write the same language" throughout the country. Li Si's "Cangjie Chapter", Zhao Gao's "Calendar Hengzhi Chapter", and Hu Wujing's "Erudite Chapter" all adopted the newly revised small seal script style to promulgate the world. Li Si Xiao Seal is not only the official script of the Qin Dynasty, but also the ancestor of seal calligraphy art in later generations, and has a special position in the history of calligraphy.

Because of Li Si's merits in the revision and promotion of the small seal, history has given him a very high evaluation. Li Sizhen of the Tang Dynasty called his calligraphy "The Essence of the Small Seal, Ancient and Modern, Qin Wangshan and the Emperor's Jade Seal, Yufu Qianjun Strong Crossbow, Ten Thousand Stone Hongzhong."

The master craftsman of the disciples and scholars is also the treasure of the country. ”

Dou Zhen's "Shushu Fu" Yiyun: "The law of Si is also, the ancient and the ancient, the ancestor of the future learning." "It is to take care of it in the entire history of calligraphy, and there are not many people who can be used as this evaluation.

The calligraphy relics left by Li Si should be the stone works carved by Ji Gong wherever he went with the first emperor on patrol. Although these stone works are not signed, the historical data have always been convinced that they must be the hands of Li Si, and the right here is from the old theory. There are a total of seven carved stones found in historical materials, and they are:

Mount Tai, Langyu hail block Zhaotai, Yishan, Jieshi, Huiji, Zhifu, Dongguan carved stone.

Among the seven carved stones, the stone has long been submerged into the sea for a moment, and there is no record in the past dynasties. Zhifu and Dongguan two carved stones have also long been dispersed. The original stone carved in Yishan has long been destroyed in the fire, and the Song and Yuan dynasties have also made a re-carving, which still exists.

Lang Xuan Tai carved stone, the source rent for the cliff of Lang Lang Xuan Mountain, is a natural stone pillar, the horizontal paintings are in an arc state, its drooping and oblique brush, are round and beautiful, natural and vivid, the breath is ancient, it is one of the masterpieces of Li Si Xiao Seal.

It is a pity that it is too much grinding and almost incomplete, and as a model, it will bring great difficulties to the practitioners. Huiji Mountain carved stone, for the last moment of the first emperor. This stone is in the Southern Song Dynasty fashion at the top of Huiji Mountain, but its handwriting is almost all damaged, and then after tossing and turning, the calligraphy has been stagnant and godless, and the original carving style has been lost.

If you want to, those who can fully reflect the style of Li Si's small seal, but "Mount Tai Carved Stone" has no other choice. Although some scholars have verified that "Mount Tai Carved Stone" is not the original stone rubbing, it is much closer to the original appearance of Qin Seal than "Yishan Carved Stone" and "Huiji Mountain Carved Stone".