The main reason for the economic development of the city during the Ming and Qing dynasties

There are three main reasons for the development of cities during the Ming and Qing dynasties:

First, the development of the regional economy. The development of regional economies with different characteristics was an important content and feature of China's economic development during the Ming and Qing dynasties. China has a vast territory, with great differences in natural conditions from the north to the south and east to the west, and different development backgrounds.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the development trajectory and characteristics of various regions were also quite different, resulting in the formation of several distinctive economic zones.

Second, the development of commodity circulation. From the Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, the scope and scale of commodity circulation in the country have increased substantially, and the circulation pattern has also changed greatly. The development of commodity circulation was another significant feature of China's economic development during the Ming and Qing dynasties.

Third, the formation of an urban and rural market network system. The formation of the urban and rural market network system was another important content and component of China's economic development in the Ming and Qing dynasties. This urban-rural market network system can be divided into three levels: circulation hub cities, medium-sized commercial towns and rural markets.

Circulation hub cities, mainly refers to the national or large regional circulation hub of the city, its first range can generally cover several provinces or more than a dozen provinces, and most of the first-class customs location. In the Ming Dynasty, the material exchange between the north and the south mainly relied on the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, and the circulation hub cities were mostly concentrated along the canal. In the Qing Dynasty, coastal and Yangtze River shipping gradually replaced the canal as the most important circulation artery in the country, and a number of important circulation hub cities along the coast and along the Yangtze River rose rapidly, such as Shanghai, Tianjin, Guangzhou, Xiamen, Chongqing, Hankou, Jiujiang, etc., most of these cities became the first batch of treaty ports after the Opium War.

Here is complete and very detailed.

The economic development of the Ming and Qing dynasties is mainly manifested in:

1.Agriculture: New species introduced from abroad during the Ming Dynasty such as corn, sweet potato, potato, peanut and sunflower.

2.Handicrafts:

1) The cotton textile industry has been pushed from the south to the north in the Ming Dynasty.

2) Suzhou was the center of the silk weaving industry in the Ming Dynasty, and Nanjing came later.

3) Jingdezhen is the center of porcelain making (blue and white porcelain) in the country, which sells well at home and abroad.

3.Commerce: During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the commodity economy was unprecedentedly active. Beijing and Nanjing are the best cities in the country.

4.Capitalism in its infancy:

After the middle of the Ming Dynasty, in the textile industry in Suzhou, Songjiang and other places, there were many machine households for the purpose of producing goods.

They opened a machine room and hired mechanics for production, and there was a production method of "machine owners contribute, and machine workers contributed". The machine owner was the early capitalist, and the machine worker was the early wage worker. This relationship of employment and employment between them is a capitalist relationship of production.

1. The formation and emergence of regional commercial centers. The local markets are closely linked, and the trend of regional division of labor is obvious.

2. Urban and rural commerce is prosperous, and ordinary bazaars are widely distributed.

3. Business gangs are active in various places. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, not only the number of businessmen increased, but also different business groups with local characteristics, namely merchant gangs, appeared.

4. Intervention in the economy is slowly weakening.

Capitalism began to sprout, and commerce developed, but it was still suppressed by feudalism.

1.In the Sui and Tang dynasties, the Lifang system had completely disappeared in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and the commercial area was no longer restricted, which was tantamount to greatly promoting the development of the city's commodity economy;

2.Professional business management institutions, which regulate the market;

3.The centralized distribution of the imperial palace provides a certain space for economic development;

4.The abolition of the curfew system is also conducive to expanding the time for the city's economy to operate;

5.The development of agriculture has provided a material foundation for cities, resulting in the emergence of a large number of permanent urban residents, and the increase in urban population has increased the demand for urban land. The increase of population also has certain requirements for the infrastructure of the city, which promotes the further improvement of the city's infrastructure; At the same time, the development of the city's economy is expanded, because the market is expanded.

6.Since the city is a distribution center for the exchange of local goods, it will stimulate the development of the economy and industry of the relevant region.

7.The relationship between the two is one that complements and promotes each other.