Who invented the back jumping high jump and when

It is difficult to say who invented it, the origin of the high jump for reference: very early, it has been widely used in various periods in many countries of the world; The modern high jump began in the United Kingdom, and was listed as a competition event at the Scottish Games held in 1800. After the 60s of the 19th century, it began to be popularized in Europe and the Americas; In the first Olympic Games in 1896, the men's high jump was listed as an official event; In 1928, the 9th Olympic Games, the women's high jump was also included; Since then, the high jump technology has continued to develop, and new technologies such as "wave", "rolling", "prone and back-to-back" have appeared, so that the sports performance can be improved rapidly.

Back jump.

First, the technical elements of the run.

a) Technical characteristics.

The main feature of the back-to-back high jump run-up is the arc run-up, and the run-up line is generally "j", and its advantages are:

1 The preparation section of the run-up is a straight line or a line with a small curvature, so it is easy to accelerate and exert speed around the world.

2 The transition to the arc is gentle and natural, avoiding pauses or slowdowns.

3. The curvature of the arc changes from large to small, so that the body gradually increases the internal frequency.

4. The last step is about 20 degrees to 30 degrees angle with the crossbar to ensure that the human body has a suitable vertical displacement distance relative to the crossbar after taking off.

2) Run-up technique.

The task of the run-up is to achieve the necessary horizontal speed and create the conditions for an improved take-off and a smooth crossing of the crossbar. The back-to-back high jump generally uses 8 to 12 steps to run, which is divided into straight and arc runs.

1. Straight-line running technique: similar to the short-circuit mid-course running technique, the center of gravity of the body is high and stable, the upper body is appropriately leaned forward, the back pedal is full and powerful, the front swing is actively lifted, and the arms are coordinated and swing largely;

2 Arc running technique: The body is gradually leaned inward, increasing the swing amplitude of the outer leg arm, and keeping the head and torso in a straight line to lean inward. The whole process of running should have obvious acceleration and a strong sense of rhythm, especially the last few steps gradually accelerated, to the last step is the fastest.

2. Problems that are prone to occur in the teaching of back-to-back high jump running.

1) The curvature of the running arc is inappropriate

In learning the arc run, there are often problems with incorrect running arcs, mainly the following mistakes: Mistake 1: In the run, the body inversion is not gradually increased, but when entering the arc at the beginning, the body is the most introverted, and the body is upright when running to the last two steps, which is manifested in the unreasonable phenomenon of running in a straight line on the running route.

Mistake 2: In the run-up, there is no change in the inversion of the body, which is manifested in the unreasonable phenomenon of running arcs on the run-up route.

Mistake 3: In the run-up, the inward tilt of the body does not change, which is manifested in the unreasonable phenomenon of winding around the run. The reason for the above error is that the student fails to master the technique of arc running, form the correct arc and rely on proprioception to control the change of body incline.

How to check for errors: Check whether the student's running point and route are correct, you can check each step according to the technical requirements of the arc run, usually the turning point of each step of the running direction (generally called the turning angle) should be gradually increased.

Back-to-back high jump is a kind of high jump in which you take the position of arching your back on the pole, flick your legs upwards to cross the crossbar, and then cross the pole with your back to cushion. So do netizens know what the development of the back-to-back high jump is? Interested netizens, let's find out together.

1. In 1839, the Canadian Warfland jumped over the height of the meter by "bending the knee and jumping". In 1864, the British athlete Ho Qi, the first to use the "leapfrogging" to jump over the height of the meter. In 1887, the American Pecki, who was only tall, jumped meters in this position.

In 1895, the American Sweeney used a new technique of "wave-like", later called "scissors", to jump over the height of the meter. This record has been held for 17 years.

2. On February 9, 1912, American athlete Hollin, with the original "rolling", jumped over the height of the meter, becoming the first person in the world to break the 2-meter mark. In 1923, the Soviet athlete Vlozov adopted the high jump position called "riding pole style" at that time, which was later called "prone position". Due to the difficulty of this posture and the low grades, it is not taken seriously.

It wasn't until 1936 that the American athlete AlBriton, who set a world record in meters with this pose, that it attracted attention. In the next 20 years, it was a period of "rolling" and "prone" in vogue. It wasn't until 1956, when American athlete Dumas jumped the meter, that the prone jump was recognized as the most advanced high jump technique.

In 1968, American athlete Forsberg ran in a unique arc at the 19th Olympic Games. With his back to the horizontal pole, he won the men's high jump crown with rice. At that time, it was called "Forsberg style", and later it was called "back-crossing style".

Since then, the back-to-back high jump technique has become popular and has gradually been adopted by most high jumpers.

3. In 1973, American athlete John Stones set a world record in meters with a back-to-back style, and in 1976 he raised the world record to meters. Especially since the 80s, the world record in the men's high jump has been broken again and again by athletes who use the back-to-back technique. In 1980, the 22nd Olympic Games won all the medals in the men's high jump.

At the first World Athletics Championships held in Helsinki in 1983, the world's top high jumpers, 38 men and 33 women, all used the back-crossing technique. In 1983, Chinese athlete Zhu Jianhua broke the world record with two meters and meters, and in 1984, he set a new world record with meters. On September 8, 1988, Cuban athlete Javier Sotomayor jumped a good meter and set a new world record in the men's high jump at the international track and field competition in Salamanca, Spain.

In 1986, Bulgarian athlete Kostadinova broke the world record in meters, and in 1987 she rewrote the world record in the women's high jump with meters.

Do you know the origin of the back-to-back high jump, and what is the highest record in the world?

It's okay to say that you don't have a rod and a rack, you can let your classmates help use simple equipment, but if you don't have a high jump pad, you can't do it, otherwise you can change it to a leapfrog type, right?