What is the difference between the classical view of space time and the view of space time of specia

Probably classical mechanics believes that time and space are absolute, and people in different states of the same event measure the same situation.

The theory of relativity, on the other hand, holds that different people will get different times when the same event is measured, just as different people look different on the table. The theory of relativity holds that the speed of light is the same for anyone, so time is different, and classical mechanics does not.

The theory of relativity is a basic theory about space-time and gravity, mainly founded by Albert Einstein, and is divided into special relativity (special relativity) and general relativity (general relativity). The basic assumptions of the theory of relativity are the principle of invariance of the speed of light, the principle of relativity, and the principle of equivalence. The theory of relativity and quantum mechanics are the two fundamental pillars of modern physics.

Classical mechanics, which laid the foundation of classical physics, is not suitable for objects moving at high speed and objects under microscopic conditions. The theory of relativity solves the problem of high-speed motion; Quantum mechanics solves problems under microscopic subatomic conditions. The theory of relativity has greatly changed mankind's "common sense" concept of the universe and nature, and has put forward new concepts such as "simultaneous relativity", "four-dimensional space-time" and "curved space".

Special relativity.

Special relativity is a theory of relativity that is limited to discussing the case of inertial frames. Newton's view of space-time saw space as a straight, isotropic, and point-identical three-dimensional space, and that time was a single dimension (and therefore absolute) independent of space. The special theory of relativity holds that space and time are not independent of each other, but are a unified four-dimensional space-time whole, and there is no absolute space and time.

In special relativity, space-time as a whole remains flat, isotropic, and point-isotropic, an ideal condition corresponding to a "global inertial frame". The special theory of relativity takes the speed of light in a vacuum as a constant as the basic assumption, and the Lorentz transform can be deduced by combining the principle of special relativity and the properties of space-time mentioned above.

General relativity.

The general theory of relativity is a theory published by Albert Einstein in 1915. Albert Einstein proposed the "equivalence principle", which states that gravitational and inertial forces are equivalent. This principle is based on the equivalence of gravitational mass with inertial mass (so far experiments have confirmed that the difference between gravitational and inertial mass is still not seen in the range of accuracy of 10 12).

According to the principle of equivalence, Einstein generalized the principle of special relativity to the principle of general relativity, that is, the form of the laws of physics is invariant in all frames of reference. The equation of motion of the object is the geodesic equation in that frame of reference. The geodesic equation has nothing to do with the inherent properties of the object itself, but only depends on the local geometric properties of space-time.

Gravity is the manifestation of the geometric properties of space-time. The existence of material mass will cause the bending of space-time, in which the object still moves along the shortest distance (i.e., along the geodesic line - in Euclidean space, it is a linear motion), such as the earth's geodesic motion in the curved space-time caused by the sun, which is actually revolving around the sun, causing a gravitational effect. Just as on a curved surface of the earth, if it moves in a straight line, it actually walks around the great circle of the earth's surface.

As far as I understand, the classical view of time and space is that time and space are a stage, which has nothing to do with the state of motion of objects and the form of existence, and that the absoluteness of time lies in its eternity and uniformity, and the absoluteness of space lies in its infinity and stillness. Einstein's relativistic view of space-time explains that time and space are closely connected by the motion and existence of objects, and that there is no time and space that are separated from objects. Among them, special relativity is understood from the perspective of an observer, while general relativity is explained from the perspective of facts.

At low speeds, macroscopic times, when the mass is not too large, the changes in time and space are very small and we do not feel it, but in the high-speed state, time will be significantly slower (in terms of biological activity and atomic evolution), and space will be significantly shortened. In addition, massive objects have an effect on the surrounding space, which can bend the space. In relativistic physics, gravitational force does not exist, and the orbital motion of the planets is actually a linear motion in curved space, which is caused by encountering high-quality objects.

The classical theory indicates that the propagation of light requires a medium (ether), while the theory of relativity indicates that light is an electromagnetic wave with an extremely short wavelength and does not require a medium.

Classical applies to macroscopic low velocities relative to the speed of light.

The theory of relativity is applicable to macro, micro, high-speed, and low-speed, but in the field of macroscopic low-speed, the classical view of space-time is relatively simple and easy to calculate.

The difference between the view of time and space between special relativity and classical mechanics is that the time process is different, the space is different, and the influence of matter on space and time.

1. The time course is different:

The classical view of space-time has the same velocity of time in any inertial frame of reference; The special theory of relativity views space-time and time that the speed of passage of time is relative.

2. The space is different

The classical view of space-time is flat and even, and the special relativistic view of space-time and space is linked to time, and space-time is uneven.

3. The influence of matter on space and time:

For example, the super gravitational pull of a massive black hole can seriously distort the space-time around it, so that the time process is almost terminated.

There are three differences between the classical mechanical view of space-time and the relativistic view of space-timeFirst, the views of the two are different:

1. The view of the classical mechanics view of space-time: The classical mechanics view of space-time holds that the measurement of time and space has nothing to do with the state of motion of the inertial frame of reference, and that the kinematics (such as coordinates and velocity) observed by the same object in different inertial frames of reference can be related to each other through the Galilean transformation.

2. The view of relativistic space-time: In the relative space-time view, time and space are linked, they are interrelated and mutually restricted, and the movement of matter has a certain influence on time and space.

Second, the two proposers are different:

1. The proposer of the classical mechanics view of space-time: Newton's absolute view of space-time was proposed by Newton.

2. The proposer of the relativistic view of space-time: The relativistic view of space-time was proposed by Albert Einstein.

3. The essence of the two is different:

1. The essence of the classical mechanics view of space-time: it reflects Newton's absolute view of space-time. The absolute view of time and space holds that time and space are two independent concepts, unrelated to each other, and each has absoluteness.

2. The essence of the relativistic view of space-time: In Einstein's theory of relativity, Newton's absolute view of space-time was denied and a relative view of space-time was proposed. Time and space are closely related, and the movement of time, space and matter are inseparable.

It is believed that time, no matter what state it is observed, is unchanging.

It is considered that space, without chanting in what state it is observed, space cannot be changed.

I'll give you a very simple example, and you'll understand. The prerequisite is that the speed of light is equal to c when observed "under any conditions". This is already proven. This is called the "principle of invariance of the speed of light".

You're on the platform of the train station and I'm on the ground of the train.

The train is moving horizontally at high speed.

I emitted light from the ground of the train and hit the top of the car, and there was a small mirror on the roof of the car, and the light reflected back.

My observation on the train: the light goes straight up and down, the distance of the light = 2 times the height of the car, because the speed of light is c at any time and all observations (including your observation and my observation) at any point, so the time it takes to observe this light "I am on the train" is 2t.

Your observation at the station: Because the train moves horizontally at high speed, the light is oblique up and down, and the distance of light is twice the height of the car, because the speed of light at any time is c, so "you are on the station" to observe this beam of light on the train, it takes 2t.

This means that the length of time is different in different frames of inertia. This is demonstrated by the special theory of relativity.

The gravitational formula of classical mechanics. The relationship between m1 and m2 is like the relationship between the earth and the sun. Is the sun suddenly gone, and the Earth immediately out of orbit? It took more than 8 minutes for the Earth to deorbit.

Does gravity really exist, or is it caused by the curvature of space-time.

Time and space in classical mechanics are independent and stationary, while time and space in relativistic theory are unified and relative.

The absolute view of time and space holds that the time cover and space are two independent concepts, which are not related to each other and have absolute nature. The absolute view of space-time holds that the measurement of time and space has nothing to do with the state of motion of the inertial frame of reference, and that the kinematics (e.g., coordinates, velocity) observed by the same object in different inertial frames of reference can be related to each other through the Galilean transformation.

The principle of relativity of mechanics: all laws of mechanics are invariant under the Galilean transformation. However, modern science has confirmed that there is no such thing as an absolutely static void and matter in the universe, and there is no such thing as an absolute elapse of time.

In Einstein's theory of relativity, time and space are both relative, and time and space are interrelated and mutually conditioned.

Background: However, classical physics (Newtonian mechanics) before the 20th century believed that time and space have no connection with moving matter, and that they exist a priori in human consciousness, and it is only after the establishment of the theory of relativity that people realize that time and space are closely related to moving matter.

The classical view of time and space was first clearly put forward by Newton, who made a clear statement on absolute time and absolute space in his famous book "Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy", the so-called absolute, refers to time and space have nothing to do with the observer's state of motion, in fact, the absolute view of time and space is a summary of people's experience in the state of low finger speed.

The specific properties of time and space vary with the form of matter, and the specific properties of time and space change with the change of the speed of movement of matter.

Time and space, as the form of existence of moving matter, exist independently of human consciousness; All matter exists in time and space, without exception. This shows that the existence of time and space is unconditional and absolute. The absoluteness of matter and its motion determines the absoluteness of time and space.

In the relative view of time and space, time and space are linked, they are interconnected and mutually restricted, and the movement of matter has a certain influence on time and space. Einstein also regarded time as the fourth dimension, which, together with three-dimensional space, forms a four-dimensional space-time.