Wetlands reduce the adverse impact on the ecological environment

In recent years, the degradation of wetland ecosystems has been caused by irrational use such as wetland reclamation, overuse of biological resources, environmental pollution of wetlands, overuse of wetland water resources, construction of water conservancy projects in large river basins, sediment sedimentation, coastal erosion and destruction, and blind development of urban construction and tourism. Wetlands have been severely damaged in recent centuries. Although the drying up of wetlands is an inevitable consequence of natural processes, the rapid elimination of many wetlands is closely related to unreasonable human economic activities.

1) Soil destruction is a major factor in the destruction of wetlands. The irrational use of land by humans has led to soil acidification and other forms of pollution, which has seriously damaged the ecological environment in wetlands.

2) Environmental damage. For example, water pollution, air pollution. This type of pollution has caused major damage such as water nutrient and oil spill pollution, resulting in the death of thousands of aquatic organisms and birds.

3) Enclose lakes and seas to create fields. This type of economic activity directly reduces the area of wetlands. For example, Dongting Lake in China. The area of Dongting Lake today is in stark contrast to that of hundreds of years ago;

4) River diversion. Although this type of project has greatly contributed to agricultural production and has also played a huge role in flood control, it has affected the water supply of rivers to wetlands. For example, some rivers in China have been cut and straightened, and some lakes have been destroyed.

As the climate becomes drier, soil erosion increases, wetlands retain less water, and biodiversity decreases.

<>1. Wetlands can store water and divert floodwater to replenish groundwater. During rainy or flooding seasons, excess water is stored by wetlands, directly reducing flood pressure downstream;

2. Wetlands can regulate the climate. Through evaporation, wetlands can continuously transport a large amount of water vapor to the atmosphere, regulate the regional climate, and reduce the frequency and harm of droughts.

3. Wetlands play a role in purifying natural water bodies. The water flow through the wetland slows down, which is conducive to the precipitation of pollutants, especially some wetland plants can effectively absorb toxic, harmful and mineralized substances, and play a purification role in the water body;

4. It can control soil erosion and protect the coastline. Wetlands and their vegetation stabilize the base and reduce the impact of waves and seawater, effectively preventing the erosion of coastlines, estuarine bays and river embankments;

5. Biodiversity can be protected. Wetland conservation has become one of the four major areas of international biodiversity conservation.

The ecological functions of wetlands are as follows:

1. Provide water sources. Wetlands can be said to be the cradle of life, providing water for the people on both sides of the river, whether it is domestic water, agricultural water and industrial water, they need the help of wetlands, and some wetlands can be used as water sources for wells, so wetlands are very important in providing water sources.

2. Store nutrients. Wetlands can store a lot of nutrients because there are abundant plants growing in wetlands, and when nutrients pass through the wetlands, the plants absorb the nutrients and slowly accumulate and store them in the soil. These stored nutrients can feed the fish in the river, among other things.

3. Protect the coast. Wetlands have a good role in protecting the coast, when there are storms, waves, etc., the plants on both sides of the wetland have a certain resistance effect, and the roots that penetrate into the soil have a fixed effect to avoid the embankment being washed out. Without the role of wetlands in protecting the coast, it would be difficult for factories to develop next to wetlands.

4. Sewage purifier. The wetland is like a natural sewage purifier, when the toxic water flows through the wetland, the water flow will become slow, and those harmful substances and impurities will slowly precipitate, playing a role in sewage purification.

5. Maintain biodiversity. Wetlands also play a very important role in maintaining biodiversity, and there are often rare birds that stop in the wetlands to create a good living environment for them.

6. Flood control and storage. Wetlands can also regulate flood water, absorbing floodwater when it hits, and then slowly draining it out when it falls. Floods are generally stored in the soil or become surface water to nourish plants and animals, which not only slows down the flow rate, but also reduces the pressure on the downstream floods.

7. Replenish groundwater. As a natural ecosystem, wetlands can not only serve as a source of water, but also continuously replenish the source of energy. There are two ways to recharge groundwater from wetlands, one is direct recharge and the other is indirect recharge.

Water in a wetland flows out when it is above the shallow water surface, and it becomes groundwater when it is below the shallow surface.

8. Natural reservoirs. Wetlands are like a piece of sea, which can store a lot of water, such as during flood seasons or floods, and use it when needed.

The vast wetlands have a variety of ecological functions and rich natural resources, and are known as the "kidneys of the earth", species repositories, and climate regulators, which play an irreplaceable and important role in protecting the ecological environment, maintaining biodiversity, and developing the economy and society.

Wetlands are one of the most important environmental assets of human beings, and they are also the most biodiverse and productive ecosystems in nature. It not only has abundant resources, but also has huge environmental regulation functions and ecological benefits. All kinds of wetlands play an important role in providing water resources, regulating climate, conserving water sources, homogenizing floods, promoting land siltation, degrading pollutants, protecting biodiversity, and providing production and living resources for human beings.

Ecological benefits of wetlands.

Maintain biodiversity. The biodiversity of wetlands is very important. Wetlands are home to an abundance of wildlife that depends on wetlands for survival and thrive, many of which are rare and endemic species, and are important areas for biodiversity and breeding grounds for endangered birds, migratory birds and other wild animals.

Flood control and storage to prevent natural disasters. Wetlands play a significant role in flood control and water flow. Wetlands play an important role in water storage, regulating river runoff, replenishing groundwater and maintaining regional water balance, and are natural "sponges" for water storage and flood control.

The seasonal and annual distribution of precipitation in China is uneven, and through the adjustment of natural and artificial wetlands, the amount of water from rainfall and rivers is stored, so as to avoid flood disasters and ensure a stable water supply for industrial and agricultural production. Let's take a look at the wetland distribution map of Beijing through Beijing as an example.

The economic benefits of wetlands.

1 Offering an abundance of animal and plant products. China ranks first in the world in terms of fish production and rice production; The lotus, lotus root, water chestnut and some fish, shrimp, shellfish and algae in shallow waters provided by the wetland are nutritious non-staple foods. Some wetland animals and plants can also be used in medicine; There are many animals and plants that are also important raw materials for the development of light industry, such as reeds are important raw materials for papermaking; The utilization of wetland animal and plant resources has also indirectly led to the development of the processing industry. China's agriculture, fishing, animal husbandry and sideline production depend heavily on the natural resources provided by wetlands.

2. Provide water resources. Wetlands are the main water used for human development, industrial and agricultural production and urban life. 3. Provide mineral resources.

There are various mineral sands and salt resources in the wetlands. The alkaline lakes and salt lakes in Qinghai-Tibet and Mongolia-Xinzhou regions of China are relatively concentrated, with complete types of salt and huge reserves.

Regulate climate, conserve water, regulate runoff, store floods and prevent drought, degrade pollutants, and protect biodiversity.

1.Causes: The use and development of beachhead land and organisms, water pollution, the destruction of the regional food chain and ecological environment caused by the invasion of alien species, etc.

2.Prevention and control measures: Establish ecological reserves, reduce the impact of external development on the reserve, control the pollution of particles and heavy metals in the upstream river water, and take measures to reduce the harm of alien species to local organisms.

The upstream vegetation was destroyed, the soil erosion was serious, and the sediment was deposited in the lake area.

Measures: Protect upstream vegetation, reduce soil erosion, strengthen dredging and dredging, and return farmland to lakes.

<>1. Wetlands can store water and divert floodwater to replenish groundwater. During rainy or flooding seasons, excess water is stored by wetlands, directly reducing flood pressure downstream;

2. Wetlands can regulate the climate. Through evaporation, wetlands can continuously transport a large amount of water vapor to the atmosphere, regulate the regional climate, and reduce the frequency and harm of droughts.

3. Wetlands play a role in purifying natural water bodies. The water flow through the wetland slows down the flow rate, which is conducive to the precipitation of pollutants, especially some wetland plants can effectively absorb toxic, harmful and mineralized substances, and purify the water body;

4. Mu is slippery to control soil erosion and protect the coastline. Wetlands and their vegetation stabilize the base and reduce the impact of waves and seawater, effectively preventing the erosion of coastlines, estuarine bays and river embankments;

5. Biodiversity can be protected. Wetland conservation has become one of the four major areas of international biodiversity conservation.