Who was Sima Qian s great grandfather? What is the name of Sima Qian s father?

Sima Qian is a descendant of the Qin general Sima Cuo, who can be said to be the first person of the Han nationality to run Sichuan. When he persuaded King Qin Hui to attack Shu, he put forward the economic strategy of "pulling out a country and the world does not think it is violent, and the West Sea (that is, Qinghai, referring to the area of Chengdu) is not greedy". After Sima Cuo, what people can know now is Sima Cuo's grandson Sima Qi, who was a subordinate of Bai Qi, the general of the Qin State who had killed 400,000 soldiers of Zhao State in the Battle of Changping, and he also participated in the Battle of Changping.

Maybe it's because of the close relationship with Bai Qi; So later, when Bai Qi shouted "What a sin I am guilty of in the sky, and so far" was given death by King Qin Zhao, Sima Qi was also given to death with him. Sima Qi's grandson is called Sima Chang, who once served as the palace equivalent to the current director of the mine bureau in Qin Shi Huang's **, in charge of iron ore affairs. Sima Chang's son, that is, Sima Qian's great-grandfather, was called Sima Wuyi, and he was the "mayor of Han", the so-called "Han City", some people say that it is a place name.

"Long"? The county officials of the Qin and Han dynasties were called "Ling" for governing more than 10,000 households, and "Chang" for those with less than 10,000 households. In this way, he is a county master.

However, there is another theory that there are four cities (markets) in Chang'an City, and he is the mayor of such a "city". In any case, he is a civil servant, not a big official. Sima Qian's grandfather was named Sima Xi, and he didn't seem to have done anything special, Sima Qian only said that he had been awarded the title of "Five Great Doctors".

Next, it is Sima Qian's father, Sima Tan.

Sima Ang's grandson, Sima Wuxuan. Thank you.

Han DynastySima QianHis father is Sima Tan.

Sima Tan (c. 165-110 BC), historian of the Western Han Dynasty, Zuo Fengyi Xiayang (present-day Hancheng, Shaanxi).

Huachi Village, Zhichuan Town) is the father of Sima Qian. He was erudite and knowledgeable, and once studied the astronomical calendar with the famous astronomer Tang Du at that time, learned the Yi from the philosopher Yang He, and learned from Huang Laozhi.

I have done in-depth research.

Brief introduction. Emperor.

During the period from Jianyuan to Yuanfeng, Sima Tan served as Taishi Ling, and had made extensive research on the history of the development of pre-Qin thought, and believed that the popular schools of thought at that time, namely Yin and Yang, Confucianism, Mo, Ming, and Fa, had their own shortcomings and strengths, and only Taoist thought could best synthesize the strengths of each school.

He compiled the research results into "On the Essence of the Six Schools", which made an in-depth analysis and evaluation of the ideological characteristics of the various schools of thought in the pre-Qin period, which is a summary of the history of the development of academic thought in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period with high academic value, and is still a precious document for the study of the history of pre-Qin thought and philosophy in the field of history.

In this **, he analyzed for the first time the important academic schools since the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. It also reflects the Confucianism of the Han Dynasty.

Mainly, it uses the doctrine of Yin and Yang, Legalism and Taoism "Huang Lao", that is, the so-called "Han family's own system, which is based on the overlord and miscellaneous", and does not "purely teach morality" ("Hanshu Yuan Emperor Ji").

Thus reflecting the reality of the complexity of society and ruling ideas during the Han Wu era. The theory of the six families is not only that Sima moved to the sons of the pre-Qin dynasty in the field later.

The biography is an important inspiration and reference, and it is also a famous Confucian Liu Xiang at the end of the Western Han Dynasty.

Liu Xin and his son laid the foundation for the classification of the sons of the pre-Qin dynasty.

Sima is literally in charge of horses, because ancient horses represent combat effectiveness, so "Sima" is not only in charge of horses, but also in charge of the army. Sima belonged to a series of official positions in the Zhou Dynasty, and the Sima of the Western Zhou court was theoretically in charge of the army of the whole world, and each of the vassal states had Sima, and the Sima of the vassal states was theoretically in charge of the army within the vassal states.

Theoretically, the Sima of the imperial court should also be able to control the Sima of the princely state, but in practice it is not so easy. The one who can directly control the Sima of the vassal state is still the monarch of the vassal state. By the time of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, the Sima of the various countries had differences in the specific division of powers.

In Lu, Zheng, Song and other countries, Sima has become aristocratic, and those who serve as Sima basically enjoy the treatment of the secretary level. The Jin State set up three armies, each of which had a Sima, who was not the highest general in the army, and the rank was generally a public doctor, which was lower than the official position of Qing. The state of Chu set up Ling Yin and the second secretary of the great Sima, and the great Sima could control the army of the whole country of the Chu State, and the left Sima and the right Sima were under the big Sima, who were the subordinates of the great Sima.

With the expansion of the scale of the cities of the nations, there will also be a Sima at the city level, and this is the officer at the city level.

The Sima clan does have a certain relationship with the official position of Sima, and the number of official positions in the Sima system is also increasing day by day, and the ancestors of Sima who can be used as a surname may not be the same faction, nor may they be the same level of Sima official positions. Sima Qian's ancestor was the father of Cheng Boxiu, a Chu man, who was said to have been Sima during the reign of King Xuan of Zhou, and later after losing his official position, his descendants took Sima as his surname. The "Historical Records" records that there are three branches of his descendants, among which Sima Cuo, who fought Shu during the reign of King Huiwen of Qin, is the ancestor of Sima Qian.

One was in Wei, named Sima Xi, and later became the prime minister of Zhongshan State. One developed in the Zhao State, named Sima Kuai, Sima Kuaisui Jingyuan's great-grandson Sima Wei, who was originally a general of Zhao State, and was later named King Yin by Xiang Yu, which is the ancestor of Sima Yi. Whether these three branches are really the descendants of Cheng Boxiu's father, it's hard to say.

Sima Qian, who was born in the prosperous era of the Western Han Dynasty, his grandfather Sima Xi was the fifth doctor in the early years of the Han Dynasty, and his father Sima Tan was also a famous historian. Sima Qiansong Souzhou learned to read under the guidance of his father since childhood, and at the age of ten he was already familiar with ancient books such as "Shangshu", "Zuo Chuan" and "Chinese".

When Sima Tan went to Chang'an to serve as Taishi Ling, Sima Qian followed his father to Beijing to study under the Western Han philosopher Dong Zhongshu. In the year of the weak crown, Sima Qian, who had already learned a little, was instructed by his father to begin to travel the world, visiting rivers and mountains, and collecting ancient stories at the same time, which laid the foundation for his future writing of "Historical Records".

The Chronicles did not appear immediately after it was written. Many years later, Sima Qian's grandson Yang Yun was named the Marquis of Pingtong, and when the time was ripe, he wrote to Emperor Xuan of the Han Dynasty to present the "Historical Records", which enabled the world to appreciate China's first "study of heaven and man, through the changes of the past and the present, into the words of a family".

Sima Qian - father.

Sima talks. Sima Tan (c. 169-110 BC) was a native of Xiayang (now Hanchengnan, Shaanxi). For the early Han Dynasty, he fought for the five chapi doctors, and during the Jianyuan and Yuan Feng periods, he served as Taishi Ling, and Tai defeated Yincha Shi Gong.

Sima Qian's father, Sima Yan.

Sima Tan, a native of Xiayang in the Western Han Dynasty. His father, who pretended to be a branch of Ma Xi, was a doctor in the early Han Dynasty. His son Sima Qian was most influenced by him, and he served as Taishi Ling during the time of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.

In the first year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, he toured to Mount Tai in the east, and held a ceremony to worship heaven and earth on the mountain, which is the so-called "Feng Zen" ceremony. Sima Tan stayed in Luoyang due to illness at that time, failed to practice, deeply regretted, depressed and resentful and died. The ideals and plans of history that he wanted to discuss were left to the great Sima Qian to realize.

For the first time, he analyzed the important academic schools that came from the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. It also reflects the Confucianism of the Han Dynasty, and the doctrine of Yin-Yang, Legalism and Taoism "Huang Lao", that is, the so-called "Han family's own system, which is originally a tyrant and a miscellaneous system", rather than "pure morality" ("Hanshu Yuan Emperor Ji"). This reflects the reality of the complexity of Hu Min's society and ruling ideology during the Han Wu era.

The theory of the six schools not only provided important inspiration and reference for Sima Qian's later work on the lack of chaos among the sons of the pre-Qin Dynasty, but also laid the foundation for the classification of the pre-Qin spectrum by the famous Confucian Liu Xiang and Liu Xin father and son in the late Western Han Dynasty.