China often imports 90 million tons of soybeans, so why does it need to import so many soybeans?

Because of the large Chinese population, domestic soybean production can not meet the requirements of the market, so some soybeans are imported.

First of all, because the cost of soybeans abroad is low, it is ** preferential. Secondly, the country has a large population, and there are many places where soybeans are needed. Finally, the yield of soybeans is not high.

Although soybeans are also grown in our country, the output cannot keep up, because the demand is high, and many food raw materials are soybeans, and the people of our country also love to eat soy products. If there is a shortage of soybeans, then the prices of other eggs, meat and milk will also follow, which will have an impact on the entire national economy.

Because China's demand for soybeans is still very high, soybeans are not only used as ordinary food, but also some soy products, such as soybean oil and tofu, also need to be made by soybeans, so China will import a lot of soybeans.

Because soybeans belong to daily consumables, soybeans mainly support the use of soybean oil, and almost every household's table is inseparable from soybean oil, which belongs to daily rigid needs, although China's land area is large, but the yield of soybeans is not very high.

Soybeans are imported for "oil extraction", and with the improvement of people's living standards, the demand for oil is also rising, and domestic soybean production cannot meet people's demand for soybeans.

In addition to oil extraction, soybean imports are mainly used as feed, and the meat we eat is largely raised by soybean meal.

China's soybean imports reached 53.5 billion US dollars, accounting for the following 2022, China's soybean imports will be 39528004 thousand US dollars, a year-on-year increase. Judging from the monthly data, China's soybean imports in January-February 2022 amounted to 5479340 thousand US dollars; From March to December, China's soybean imports reached a peak of US$4211984 thousand in June. In March, the minimum value of early yards was reached at $1714072 thousand. China's soybean imports were 100.33 million tons, a year-on-year increase.

From the monthly data, China's soybean imports from January to February 2022 were 13.51 million tons; During the period from March to 122020, China's soybean imports reached the highest value in June, at 11.16 million tons; It reached its lowest value in March at 4.28 million tonnes.

China's soybean imports account for 60%. In fact, China has always been a producer of soybeans and was a net exporter of soybeans until 1995. After that, the scale of imports became larger and larger, reaching a peak of 95.54 million tons in 2017, and the import volume decreased in 2019, also 88.51 million tons.

According to this data, China's soybean imports account for 60% of the world's soybean **, and its dependence on foreign countries once exceeded 85%.

Current status of soybean imports

According to the current level of production and resource endowment.

It is difficult to free up enough arable land to produce soybeans in the country. With limited resources, it is clearly impossible to reduce soybean imports at the expense of self-sufficiency in staple foods. Just like China Agricultural University.

Ke Bingsheng, the former president, said that because we have insufficient resources, imports save land and change the source, and the import of Dachen Huai beans and cotton is equivalent to importing land and water resources.

Potatoes are in the Solanaceae family.

Nightshade is an annual herbaceous plant with pinnate compound leaves, sessile leaflets, oval, white or blue-purple flowers, hypertrophied underground tubers, and slag for consumption. It is also known as potato, artichoke, and yam egg.

Potatoes are important crops for both grain and vegetables, and many countries use them as staple food.

China imports up to 90 million tons of soybeans every year. However, there are two main reasons why people do not choose to grow soybeans in large quantities. The first is that growing soybeans is troublesome, and the second is because the yield of soybeans is very low.

The reason why we have not developed soybean planting in China is not because farmers do not like to plant soybeans, mainly because soybean planting requires more labor. Because it takes a lot of labor to grow soybeans, and soybeans are not a particularly high-yield plant, everyone is reluctant to grow soybeans. The most important thing is that soybean straw, like corn straw, needs to be manually processed after harvesting before it can be turned into treasure.

Especially in the southern region, in the event of a typhoon, these soybean straws can easily be blown down by strong winds. Once the wind blows down, the whole soybean harvest is particularly troublesome, and people can actually receive very few soybeans, after all, the whole soybean is blown down in the field.

There is such a shortage of soybeans in China, but the reason why people do not develop soybean planting is that the yield of soybeans is very low when they are planted in China. According to relevant statistics, we can know that many farmers plant soybeans with an annual yield of only 240 catties per mu. Such an output is a lot, and the farmers have no way to accept it.

Because of the same land, if we grow corn or other legumes, we can receive, the yield is about 1,000 catties. In terms of yield, soybeans will never be able to match the yield of corn. The production of soybeans is not large, and although it is high, the total income of soybeans is not as good as that of corn or other legumes.

The income is not high, and people naturally do not want to grow soybeans, but want to grow some more profitable beans.

In general, a large part of the reason why people do not choose to develop soybean cultivation is that the yield of soybeans is not high, and soybeans are particularly troublesome to actually handle.

Because the benefits outweigh the losses, the cost is relatively high, and imported soybeans are very cheap.

Because the cost of planting is relatively high, various problems will arise during the planting period, and it is difficult to grow soybeans, so the development of vigorous planting has not been carried out.

Because the weather and geographical environment in China may not be suitable for planting soybeans, China will not plant soybeans even if it imports a lot of soybeans.

In 2021, 90% of China's soybean imports will be concentrated in Brazil, the United States, and the United StatesArgentinaThese three countries. In 2021, China imported 10,000 tons of soybeans, and its domestic output was only 16.4 million tons, with a self-sufficiency rate of only about 15%, and more than 90% of these imported beans came from Brazil, the United States, Argentina and other countries.

Among them, Brazil has always been the largest country in China's soybean imports, followed by the United States, and Argentina ranks third. In recent years, China's total soybean imports from Argentina have decreased significantly, while the total amount of soybeans imported from the United States has increased significantly.

Soybean production worldwide.

The world's leading soybean producers include Brazil, the United States, Argentina, China, Carmill, Canada, India, and Paraguay.

Among them, Brazil and the United States have the largest soybean production, both of which produce more than 100 million tons of soybeans, accounting for more than 60% of the world's total soybeans. In addition, it is important to note that only four countries have produced more than 10 million tonnes of soybeans in the world, namely the United States, Brazil, Argentina and China.

There are two main reasons why farmers do not vigorously develop soybean cultivation.

First, the cost of planting is relatively high.

Maybe friends like to eat some beans in their daily life, and there are many ways to make legumes. Therefore, our country's demand for soybeans is very large, but according to relevant data, most of China's soybean resources are imported.

The reason why many farmers do not choose to plant soybeans is related to its planting cost. Because in the process of planting soybeans, there are many processes required, and it is also more troublesome in the process of planting. Once the planting cost is relatively high, the income of farmers may be reduced, and many people are reluctant to plant soybeans at this time.

Second, the output does not meet the demand.

In addition to the high cost of soybean planting, there is also the biggest reason because the yield cannot meet everyone's needs. Farmers and uncles must sell soybeans for money in the process of planting soybeans, but if the harvest is not good, it will definitely affect their income.

Once everyone finds out that the yield of soybeans is not particularly good, no one will choose to plant soybeans anymore. Therefore, you will find that many farmers may choose to grow rice or some other types of crops.

Summary: In the process of soybean planting, there are many manpower and material resources that need to be consumed. Some soybeans may have a lot of weeds or pests during the growth process.

At this time, weeding and pest control costs a lot of money. For farmers, this process is very tedious and requires them to spend a lot of money. Therefore, you will find that many people are reluctant to grow soybeans, so the country chooses to import soybeans from various places.

Soybeans also play many roles in daily life, whether they are used for oil extraction or other purposes.

In order to support the development of soybean planting, the state also gave subsidies. But many people are still reluctant to grow soybeans. Are these people lazy, or is there another reason? After a detailed understanding, it is known that there are mainly the following reasons:

1. The domestic soybean production is low.

In 2015, two-thirds of China's grain imports were soybeans, and two-thirds of the world's soybeans exported to China. China is the home of soybeans, but imports so much every year. Why?

It is our low soybean yield, and now the global soybean yield per mu is 370 catties, which is more than 100 catties higher than that of China.

2. The efficiency of soybean planting is not high.

At present, the market of domestic soybeans is the first yuan per kilogram, calculated according to the unit yield of 160 kilograms per mu, and the gross income per mu is less than 600 yuan. The three northeastern provinces and the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, as the pilot of the soybean target reform, implemented the separation of price and compensation. Last year's target was set at 4,800 yuan per ton, and when converted, farmers' income per mu was close to 800 yuan.

If corn is planted on the same plot, even if it is calculated according to the market ** after the cancellation of temporary storage, each kilogram of corn is about yuan, the yield per mu is 700 kg, and the average gross income per mu is more than 1,000 yuan, which still has obvious advantages over soybeans.

3. The oil yield of domestic soybeans is low.

Imported soybeans are mainly high-oil soybeans, and the oil yield can reach 18% to 20%, while the oil yield of domestic high-protein soybeans is only about 15%. Low oil yield, in turn, affects**.

4. Soybean subsidies are not high in some areas.

On June 26, Yuanbaoshan News Network, Yuanbaoshan District, Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia, released a news revealing the distribution of local soybean 16-year target subsidies. The local subsidy is 10,000 yuan, and the subsidy area is about 10,000 yuan per mu!

Last year, the soybean subsidy standard in the Xing'an League area of Inner Mongolia was yuan per mu, while the soybean subsidy standard in Heilongjiang was yuan per mu.

3. The benefits of growing soybeans.

Soybean has irreplaceable advantages in cultivating soil fertility and improving soil. There are rhizobia on the soybean root system, which can fix the free nitrogen in the air, according to the determination: one acre of soybean land, its residual nitrogen can reach 5 8 kg, which is equivalent to 12 20 kg of urea or 15 25 kg of ammonium sulfate; Due to the high planting density and fast growth of soybean, it is a pioneer crop for reclamation and grass eradication; Soybeans are also a good raw material for making tofu, soy sauce and tempeh, and its residue is a good feed or fertilizer for pigs and fish, so planting soybeans is an effective way to fertilize the soil, eliminate weeds, and develop enterprises and aquaculture.

Fourth, the expectations of farmers.

1. It is hoped that the agricultural department can promote good varieties to farmers and increase the yield of soybeans per mu.

2. It is hoped that soybeans can have a national protective price, and the state can give a certain income subsidy when it is relatively low.

It is not a small area of soybeans in China, the actual situation is that in recent years, the planting area of soybeans in China has been growing, but in the face of China's growing demand for soybeans, domestic soybeans are simply not enough for us to consume, and can only rely on imports, which is also the current situation of China's soybean industry!

First of all, China's current three major staple foods are rice, wheat and corn, soybean planting areas are mainly concentrated in the northeast, other places are not can not grow soybeans, on the contrary, in our Henan before is also the main soybean production area, but with the entry of foreign soybeans, domestic soybean ** low, planting costs, soybean planting profits are getting lower and lower, so the enthusiasm for planting soybeans is not high, and with the rise of corn in previous years, so many farmers have also changed to plant corn peanuts and other crops.

On the other hand, foreign soybeans are indeed cheap, and the oil yield is high, people have imported it all the way, and the miscellaneous costs such as freight and tariffs are also cheaper than domestic soybeans, so they are more favored by grain and oil enterprises!

Seed coating: select high-quality seed coating agent for seed coating, minimize the contact between seed coating agent and metal during operation, and sow the coated seeds after drying, and seed coating can increase the stress resistance of seeds.

Soybean is planted in acidic soil, ammonium molybdate is used for seed dressing, 1 gram of ammonium molybdate is used per kilogram of soybean seeds, 1% ammonium molybdate solution is prepared and sprayed on the surface of the seed, mixed well, and sown after drying.

Ploughing and preparing the land. The paddy field is planted with spring soybeans, ploughed before winter, and after ploughing, it is divided into compartments according to the width of 2 3 meters, and the box ditch, waist ditch, and surrounding ditch are opened, and the land is finely prepared on sunny days in spring. It is required that the soil is finely crushed, there is no dark wall, and the compartment surface is smooth.

Dry land idle in winter, ploughed before winter, dry land for planting vegetables in winter, ploughed on sunny days after harvesting vegetables, ditched by 2 3 meters wide after ploughing, fine land preparation.

Sow. Sowing began when the average daily temperature of the 5 cm soil layer reached 10 12, and the suitable sowing period was from the end of March to the beginning of April in the middle and low altitudes. Hole sowing, row spacing 27 33 cm, hole spacing 17 20 cm, sowing three or four seeds per hole, shallow sowing thin cover (cover three or four cm thick).

The planting density should be determined according to the characteristics of the variety and the water and fertilizer conditions, and the early varieties should be planted with 3 40,000 plants per 667 square meters, the medium varieties should be planted with 10,000 plants, and the late varieties should be planted with about 20,000 plants.

Fertilize. The base fertilizer is 400 kg of farmhouse organic fertilizer, 36 kg of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus fertilizer per 667 square meters, and 100 kg of urea is also required for barren soil. Farmyard organic fertilizer is applied before land preparation, and the fertilizer is turned into the tillage layer through ploughing and arable land, and the fertilizer is applied during land preparation and blends with the soil.

When it is inconvenient to apply base fertilizer to soybean due to intercropping or seasonal arrangement, the base fertilizer can also be applied to the soybean previous crop in a planned way. 150 kg of organic fertilizer, kg of urea and 10 kg of potassium chloride were applied to every 667 square meters of seed fertilizer. Nitrogen fertilizers can be omitted from the fields where the soil fertility is high or where a large amount of high-quality farm fertilizer has been applied.

The application method is to apply fertilizer into the sowing hole, the depth of application is 8 10 cm, and the fertilizer and the seeds should be separated by the soil, which can not only prevent seed burning, seedling burning, but also provide sufficient nutrients for soybean seedlings and promote early germination. Or compost the fertilizer and soil miscellaneous fertilizer and make it a cover seed fertilizer.

In the middle and lower fertility level of the soil, the seedling top dressing combined with the first tillage and weeding, 5 kg of urea per 667 square meters, or 10 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, or 250 kg of human manure, nitrogen fertilizer can also be sprinkled before or after the rain between the rows and holes four or five centimeters away from the soybean plants, but the fertilizer should not be directly in contact with the soybean plants to prevent the seedlings from burning. Weaker soybean has a better topdressing effect before flowering or at the first flowering stage. 75 kg of urea per 667 square meters, nitrogen fertilizer should be applied before or after rain, but attention should be paid to prevent direct contact between fertilizer and plants.