What is the main role of organic fertilizer?

Simple: rich in organic matter, diverse in nutrients, living soil!

3. Improve the utilization rate of fertilizer. Organic fertilizer contains more nutrients but relatively low content and is released slowly, while chemical fertilizer has high nutrient content per unit and few components and is released quickly. The organic acids produced by the decomposition of organic matter can also promote the dissolution of mineral nutrients in soil and chemical fertilizers.

Organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer promote each other, which is conducive to crop absorption and improves the utilization rate of fertilizer.

2. Increase output and improve quality. Organic fertilizers are rich in organic matter and various nutrients that provide nutrients to crops. After the organic fertilizer is decomposed, it provides energy and nutrients for soil microbial activities, promotes microbial activities, accelerates the decomposition of organic matter, and produces active substances that can promote the growth of crops and improve the quality of agricultural products.

1. Improve soil and fertilize soil fertility. After organic fertilizer is applied to the soil, organic matter can effectively improve the physical and chemical status and biological characteristics of the soil, mature the soil, enhance the fertilizer retention capacity and buffer capacity of the soil, and create good soil conditions for the growth of crops.

Organic fertilizer is the traditional fertilizer in China. In the scientific sense, any fertilizer that contains organic matter or carbon (C) is called organic fertilizer. There are many types of organic fertilizers, such as human and livestock manure, crop straw, materials containing humic acid, cake meal, peat, mud fabric, municipal garbage, etc.

It can be said that there is agriculture, animal husbandry, human daily life activities, and organic fertilizer. Organic fertilizers are widely used and are the excrement or residue of all living things, or the decomposition of living organisms. The accumulation of organic fertilizer is simple to operate, the fertilizer nutrients are complete, and it contains trace elements in addition to large and medium elements.

Compared with chemical fertilizer, organic fertilizer has a long-lasting and slow effect, but it also has shortcomings such as dirty odor, unhygienic, low nutrient content, large volume and inconvenient use.

Organic fertilizer has many benefits, and its use is becoming more and more common, so it must be used regularly for the sake of soil health and improving the quality of agricultural products.

1.Soil improvement.

Organic fertilizer is a good soil amendment. When organic fertilizer is used on farmland or degraded soils, it can increase organic matter, modify soil structure, reduce the amount of chemical fertilizers used, and can mitigate potential soil erosion.

2.Improved land use.

A considerable part of agricultural organic waste is still used in land after direct or simple treatment, although it also has fertilizer value and can play a role in improving soil quality. The use of organic fertilizer for agricultural waste has the following advantages: from the nitrogen in the waste to more stable organic nitrogen, although there is also a loss of some nitrogen, the remaining nitrogen is often not easy to be leached and volatilized; The initial carbon and nitrogen ratio of agricultural waste is high or low, and after direct application to the soil, it will lead to insufficient nitrogen or excess nitrogen in the soil, affecting crop growth, on the contrary, the carbon and nitrogen ratio of organic fertilizer after composting tends to be reasonable, which is more suitable for land use (decomposed organic fertilizer should theoretically tend to the carbon and nitrogen ratio of microbial bacteria, that is, about 16.

It is generally believed that the decrease of CN from the initial 25 30 to 15 20 indicates that the organic fertilizer has been decomposed and stabilized. PS: For every 25g of organic carbon consumed by microorganisms, they need to absorb 1g of nitrogen); The heat generated by the organic composting process reduces the number of weed seeds in the waste, mitigating the effects of weed damage.

3.Reduce the risk of contamination and odor complaints.

Organic composting can mitigate the effects of these problems. Since organic compost products are often in demand, their way out is no longer an issue, and the nature of organic compost that can be stored and treated allows it to be transported farther away than manure or other raw materials. A well-run organic composting facility is almost free of odors and flies.

In the process of urbanization and the continuous development of agriculture on a large scale, organic waste is beginning to become a burden rather than an asset. Especially for some agricultural breeding enterprises, because there is no large area of land to absorb these animal manure, the number of animals far exceeds the capacity of the land, making the manure treatment a headache.

4.Organic fertilizer is used as a substitute for breeding bedding.

Many studies have shown that powdered organic fertilizer can be used as a bedding material to replace sawdust and straw flour in farms.

From the perspective of animal welfare and improvement of the breeding environment, the bedding layer should be laid in the breeding enclosure, which is conducive to adsorbing animal excrement and reducing environmental pollution on the one hand, and provides a comfortable ground environment for animals on the other hand.

5.Organic fertilizers reduce soil-borne diseases.

Good organic fertilizers have been found to mitigate soil-borne diseases in plants without the use of chemical control. This disease-inhibiting feature of organic fertilizers has been widely recognized and appreciated.

The role of organic fertilizers.

Compared with chemical fertilizers according to their nutrient content, the former is a variety of nutrients, including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur and trace elements, while the latter is relatively single, nitrogen fertilizers only contain nitrogen, phosphorus fertilizers only contain phosphorus, potassium fertilizers only contain potassium, even compound fertilizers only contain nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other limited nutrients. However, although the various nutrient types contained in organic fertilizer are complete, its concentration is relatively low, taking chicken manure as an example, its nitrogen content is about, phosphorus content is about, potassium content is about, that is, 100 kg of chicken manure contains nitrogen (N) kg, phosphorus (P2O5) kg, potassium (K2O) kg. Urea in chemical fertilizer contains 46% nitrogen, that is, 100 kg of urea contains 46 kg of nitrogen (N), potassium chloride contains 60% potassium, 100 kg of potassium chloride contains K2O60 kg, and the nutrient concentration of chemical fertilizer is much higher than that of organic fertilizer.

Organic fertilizers contain a lot of organic matter, which is not found in chemical fertilizers. After organic fertilizer is applied to the soil, it needs to be decomposed and decayed by microorganisms before nutrients can be released for crops to absorb, and chemical fertilizers can play a role after being applied to the soil. Therefore, organic fertilizers contain many types of nutrients, low concentration, and slow release; Chemical fertilizers, on the other hand, have a single nutrient content, high concentration and fast release.

Both have their own advantages and disadvantages, organic fertilizer should be applied in conjunction with chemical fertilizer in order to develop its strengths and avoid weaknesses, and give full play to its benefits.

The role of organic fertilizer has the following two aspects:

1. Improve soil and fertilize soil fertility. The main substance in organic fertilizer is organic matter, and the application of organic fertilizer increases the content of organic matter in the soil. Organic matter can improve the physical, chemical and biological properties of soils, mature soils, and fertilize soils.

2) To increase crop yield and improve the quality of agricultural products, amino acids and other substances, not nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients, but also contain a variety of sugars, amino acids and other substances, which can not only provide nutrients for crops, but also promote the activities of soil microorganisms. Organic fertilizer also contains a variety of trace elements, such as boron, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, and effective iron grams per 100 kg of livestock and poultry manure. The combined application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer has a significant effect on increasing yield, and can improve the quality of products, reduce the content of nitrate and nitrite in vegetables, increase the content of vitamin C, and increase the sugar content in melons and fruits.

Some organic fertilizers improve the soil and have a greater role in fertilizing the soil, such as straw, peat, compost, etc.; Some organic fertilizers are mainly based on the nutrients required by crops, such as human manure, chicken manure, etc., which mainly depends on the ratio between organic matter and nitrogen content in different organic fertilizers. The structural material of organic matter is mainly carbon (C), so this ratio is called carbon nitriding (C N), the role of organic fertilizer with C n greater than 30 is mainly to improve the soil, and the role of organic fertilizer with C n less than 30 is mainly based on nutrients. The C N of crop straw is about 100, applied into the soil, the effect of improving the soil is great, because the amount of nitrogen contained is very small, not only can not release nitrogen in the process of decomposition and decay, but also absorbs nitrogen from the soil, and some places should add a little chemical nitrogen fertilizer to accelerate the decomposition process.

1 Compared to chemical fertilizers.

1) Bio-organic fertilizer has complete nutrients; There are only one or a few nutrients in fertilizers.

2) Bio-organic fertilizer can improve soil; Frequent use of chemical fertilizers can cause soil compaction.

3) Bio-organic fertilizer can improve product quality; Excessive use of chemical fertilizers leads to poor product quality.

4) Bio-organic fertilizer can improve crop rhizosphere microbiota and improve plant resistance to diseases and insects. Chemical fertilizers are crops with a single microbial community and are prone to pests and diseases.

5) Bio-organic fertilizer can promote the utilization of chemical fertilizer and improve the utilization rate of chemical fertilizer; The use of chemical fertilizers alone is easy to cause nutrient fixation and loss.

2 Compared with refined organic fertilizer.

Refined organic fertilizer is a commercial organic fertilizer that is packaged after livestock and poultry manure is dried and crushed.

1) The bio-organic fertilizer is completely rotten, does not burn the roots, and does not rot the seedlings; Refined organic fertilizer is not decomposed, and it is decomposed in the soil after direct use, which will cause the phenomenon of seedling burning.

2) Bio-organic fertilizer is decomposed at high temperature, which kills most of the pathogenic bacteria and insect eggs, and reduces the occurrence of pests and diseases; Refined organic fertilizer is not well decomposed and can attract underground pests when it is ripe in the soil.

3) Beneficial bacteria are added to the bio-organic fertilizer, which reduces the occurrence of diseases due to the mass effect of the microflora; Refined organic fertilizer is dried at high temperature, killing all the microorganisms inside.

4) High nutrient content of bio-organic fertilizer; Refined organic fertilizer causes nutrient loss due to high temperature treatment.

5) The bio-organic fertilizer is deodorized, with light odor and almost odorless; Refined organic fertilizer is not deodorized, and the smell will appear when it returns to moisture.

3. The difference between it and farmhouse fertilizer.

1) The bio-organic fertilizer is completely decomposed, and the mortality rate of insect eggs reaches more than 95%; Farm manure is simple to stack, and the mortality rate of insect eggs is low.

2) Bio-organic fertilizer is odorless; Farmhouse manure has a foul smell.

3) The application of bio-organic fertilizer is convenient and uniform; It is inconvenient to apply farmhouse fertilizer, and fertilizer is applied unevenly.

4. The difference with biological fertilizer.

1) Bio-organic fertilizer is cheap, about 800 yuan per ton; Biological fertilizer is expensive, tens of thousands of yuan per ton.

2) Bio-organic fertilizer contains functional bacteria and organic matter, which can improve the soil and promote the release of nutrients fixed by the soil; Biological fertilizer only contains functional bacteria, and the use of soil fixation fertilizer is promoted through functional bacteria.

3) The organic matter of bio-organic fertilizer itself is the living environment of functional bacteria, and it is easy to survive after being applied to the soil; The functional bacteria of biological fertilizers may not be suitable for the soil environment in which they exist.

Physical quantities refer to the qualitatively distinguishing and quantitatively determined properties of phenomena, objects, or substances described in physics. Abbreviated as quantity, such as length, mass, time, etc. Physical quantities have fixed names, symbols, and sometimes symbols with definite subscripts or other descriptive markings.

The symbol of the physical quantity must be in italics, with no dot appended to the symbol.

Organic matter is a measure of organic fertilizer.

Carbon is manifested in soil clocks with organic matter. At present, the organic matter of cultivated land in China is generally very low, with an average of about 1%. By cultivating the land through organic fertilizer, the soil carbon content can be greatly increased, and the yield will be increased.

Organic fertilizer here refers to all photosynthetic products and their derivatives in nature, not just human feces and animal excrement as traditionally understood. The organic fertilizer in efficient ecological agriculture will be mainly plant-derived fertilizers such as green manure, straw fertilizer and weed fertilizer.

Our experimental data show that in warm temperate humid regions, when the organic matter of ecological farmland is increased to 5%, the crop yield of even the blank control (without fertilization) can exceed the annual yield of wheat and corn (wheat) under such soil fertility.

Soil organic matter refers to the various animal and plant residues that die in the soil at different stages of decomposition, and can also be said to be the carbon-containing organic compounds in the soil in various forms. It is an important part of soil and an important indicator of soil fertility. In general, the organic matter content in the cultivated layer only accounts for the dry weight of the soil, and even less below the cultivated layer.

People often refer to the soil with a lot of organic matter as "oil soil".

Soil organic matter can be divided into fresh organic matter, semi-decomposed organic matter and humus according to the degree of decomposition. Humus refers to the black colloidal substance formed by the decomposition and transformation of fresh organic matter by microorganisms, which generally accounts for more than 85% and 90% of the total soil organic matter. The content of soil organic matter in most areas of China is relatively low, except for the high organic matter content in the black soil area of Northeast China, which can reach it, most of them in North China and Northwest China are less than 1%, and the organic matter content of paddy fields in Central China and South China is slightly higher.

The role of organic fertilizers

1. Increase the content of soil organic matter.

Regular application of organic fertilizer can significantly increase the content of soil organic matter, which is conducive to maintaining the stability of soil organic matter and improving the physical and chemical properties of soil.

2. Promote the formation of soil aggregate structure.

Soil organic matter, calcium carbonate and polysaccharides have a good effect on the stability of soil structure. The application of organic fertilizer can increase the content of soil organic matter more than the application of manure, especially the production of more five-carbon sugars, six-carbon sugars and polysaccharides. This is particularly beneficial for the formation of water-stable aggregates, such as a significant increase in water-stable aggregates that are larger than them.

3. Provide nutrients.

Organic fertilizer contains various nutrients required by crops, and the use of organic fertilizer can significantly increase the content of nutrients in the cultivated soil, especially potassium. In 1995, the Ministry of Agriculture surveyed the cultivated land in 12 provinces across the country, and found that the phosphorus content in the cultivated land increased compared with before 1990, while the cultivated land area lacking potassium and trace elements was expanded.

4. Regulate the nitrogen content of the soil**.

In the early stage of decomposing large straws, microorganisms absorb nitrogen from the soil to form their own somatic cells, resulting in the biological fixation of soil nitrogen, which plays a role in temporarily preserving nitrogen. When the microorganisms die, this part of the nitrogen is decomposed and released. In addition, the application of organic fertilizer increases the energy matter in the soil, and is also conducive to biological nitrogen fixation, the organic matter content in organic fertilizer can reach about 30%, and relevant data show that the energy released per carbon oxide can be used by nitrogen-fixing microorganisms to fix 10 40mg of nitrogen.

5. Improve the activity of soil microorganisms and soil enzymes.

After the application of organic fertilizer, the number of microorganisms increased significantly, especially in the soil near the application of organic fertilizer, which had a good effect on accelerating the release of organic nutrients and activating the nutrients in the soil. In addition, organic fertilizers can reduce diseases in certain crops.

Other advantages of the application of organic fertilizers in agricultural production include:

1. Nutritional balance, promote crop growth, increase yield significantly, and high fertilizer efficiency;

2. Improve the quality of agricultural products;

3. Inhibit pathogenic bacteria and reduce pests and diseases;

4. Loosen and improve the soil to reduce nitrate pollution in the soil;

5. Increase the absorption of water by crops, enhance the drought resistance and lodging resistance of crops;