What are the easy ways to identify the authenticity of fertilizers?

The test method of powdered organic fertilizer is to put the powdered organic fertilizer directly in a glass of water, if it is floating, then it is a qualified organic fertilizer, if it sinks directly, then this organic fertilizer may have problems, because organic matter is lighter than water. To detect granular organic fertilizer, it is to put it in water to see the solubility, under normal circumstances, the more precipitation, the better, the higher the solubility, the better.

The following methods can be used.

One touch: slippery and dry, and it is high-quality fertilizer that can be scattered when you touch it.

Second smell: If there is a little fragrance and sake lees smell, it is better to rot.

Three looks: the off-white is over-rotten, and it is generally not recommended to choose. Semi-decomposed organic fertilizer is used in the field, which continues to decompose in the ground and can be combined with organic matter in the soil to form new humus, which has a better effect.

It should be noted that the action period of organic fertilizer is relatively long, and it also takes a process to fertilize the soil.

1. Looking at the packaging bag, the production of chemical fertilizer is strictly regulated. The packaging bag should be printed with trademarks, nutrient content, factory name, factory address, production license, etc., and we can all information the authenticity of the information on the Internet or to the relevant departments. Also check whether the clasp has been unpacked to avoid adulteration.

2. Water solubilization method, find a bottle with water, add chemical fertilizer, the more thoroughly the fertilizer melts, the better the chemical fertilizer.

3. Odor identification method, the better the fertilizer and fertilizer, the smaller the smell. If there is a strong pungent smell, it is recommended that you do not use it, and the raw materials may be relatively low-end.

1. Distinguishing the name of the package: the actual name of the fertilizer should be placed in the most conspicuous place, and the company can not name the fertilizer to confuse the farmers, so it is necessary to see it clearly.

2. Weighing method: counterfeit and shoddy products will often appear inconsistent with the information on the bag, so the actual weight is inconsistent with the weight marked on the bag, for example, the 50kg printed on the bag is actually only 40kg, which is fake.

3. Content: The information signs of counterfeit and shoddy packaging bags are often unclear, and the most basic content is not clearly written, and consumers are not told what kind of fertilizer they are packing.

4. Sealing: In order to ensure that the fertilizer is not easy to leak during transportation and is not easy to deteriorate in storage, the inner and outer packaging are subject to special processing procedures and strict sealing.

2. Burn with fire: The chemical fertilizer is burned on the iron sheet with ammonia odor, indicating that it contains nitrogen and gradually melts, and the residue that burns for a while and is less is a high-quality chemical fertilizer.

3. Dissolve with water: Put the fertilizer into the water bottle, add an appropriate amount of water, and shake the water bottle vigorously. High-quality fertilizers are particularly water-soluble, most of them are soluble, and even a small amount of residue is very fine. Inferior fertilizers are not easily soluble in water, and the residue is rough and hard.

4. Touch by hand: Usually the texture of high-quality fertilizers is relatively hard, and there will be no slag, even if the slag is very little. And low-quality fertilizers are easy to crush, hands full of powder, and there are a lot of them.

First, the intuitive method.

1. Fertilizer packaging and marking. When farmers buy fertilizer, they must not ignore the information printed on the outer packaging of fertilizer. The national standard stipulates that the outer packaging of fertilizer must be printed with the product name, trademark, nutrient content, net weight, factory name, factory address, standard number, production license, registration certificate and other information.

If the outer packaging of the fertilizer is intact and the farmer does not see the information, or the information is incomplete, it is likely to be a counterfeit product. In addition, if the packaging is found to be resealed, it may be that the old bag is filled with fake and shoddy fertilizer.

2. Color. Generally speaking, all kinds of fertilizers have their special colors, and after reading the outer packaging, observe the color of fertilizer particles to identify their authenticity. In nitrogen fertilizer, except for ammonium calcium nitrate, which is brown, yellow, gray and other variegated colors, and lime nitrogen is black, the rest of the nitrogen fertilizer is generally white or colorless; Potash fertilizers are mainly red and white; Phosphate fertilizers are mostly gray, dark gray, and black-gray; Diammonia phosphate is translucent and brown; Silicon fertilizer, phosphogypsum, and silicon-calcium potassium fertilizer are also gray.

3. Smell. The main components of fertilizers are mainly chemicals, some fertilizers have a strong pungent smell, and some volatilize a strong sour smell. For example, ammonium bicarbonate has a strong ammonia smell, lime nitrogen has a special fishy smell, and superphosphate and ammonium sulfate have a sour smell.

4. Crystalline state. In addition to lime nitrogen, most of the ammonia fertilizers are crystals; Potash is crystalline; Phosphate fertilizers are mostly lumpy or powdery and granular amorphous; Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium potassium dihydrogen phosphate, borax and boric acid are all crystals.

2. Water soluble method.

If the authenticity of the fertilizer cannot be identified by the intuitive method, it can also be identified by the solubility of the fertilizer. Equipment required: large glasses, clean cool boiled water, spoons, and a pair of chopsticks.

Specific operation: take 10 grams of fertilizer sample and put it into a glass, then add 100 ml of cold boiled water to the glass, stir fully with chopsticks and let it stand for 5 minutes to observe the dissolution of fertilizer.

1. Dissolve them all. Generally, it is mostly ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride, urea, potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate, ammonium phosphate and other nitrogen fertilizers and potassium fertilizers, as well as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, phosphoric acid, ammonium hydrogen potassium, copper, zinc, iron, manganese, boron, molybdenum and other trace element fertilizers.

2. Most of them are dissolved. Generally, it is mostly superphosphate, heavy superphosphate, calcium ammonium nitrate, etc.

3. Most of them are insoluble or completely insoluble. Generally, it is mostly calcium, magnesium phosphate fertilizer, phosphate rock powder, steel slag phosphate fertilizer, phosphogypsum, silicon fertilizer, silica calcium fertilizer, etc. Most of them are insoluble in water, produce bubbles and smell foul, and are likely to be lime nitrogen.

3. Burning method.

If the first two methods still cannot distinguish the authenticity, they can also use the method of burning fertilizer to identify. Main operation: take a small fertilizer sample, put it in a spoon for heating, or directly burn it with fire, pay attention to the melting, smoke smell, residue, flame color and other conditions of the fertilizer sample.

Check whether the final standard is safe and effective.

If it comes according to the regulations, then the implementation standards, manufacturers, indicators, these are the judgment criteria.

1. Packaging identification method.

1) Inspection mark: The relevant state departments stipulate that the product name, nutrient content, grade, trademark, net weight, standard code, factory name, factory address, and production license number must be indicated on the fertilizer packaging bag. If the above signs are absent or incomplete, it may be counterfeit or low-quality fertilizers.

2) Check the sealing of the packaging bag: special attention should be paid to the fertilizer with obvious traces of unpacking on the packaging seal, which may be adulterated.

2. Shape and color identification method.

Urea: white or light yellow, granular, needle-like or prismatic crystals, no powder or little powder.

Ammonium sulfate: white crystals. Ammonium chloride: white or light yellow crystals.

Ammonium bicarbonate: white or other dyed powdery or granular crystals. There are also individual manufacturers that produce large-particle flat spherical ammonium bicarbonate.

Superphosphate: off-white or light gray powder. Heavy superphosphate: dark gray, off-white granules or powder.

Potassium sulfate: white crystals or powder. Potassium chloride: white or reddish particles.

3. Odor identification method.

If there is a strong pungent ammonia smell, the liquid is ammonia; The particles with a pronounced pungent ammonia smell are ammonium bicarbonate; The fine powder with a sour taste is heavy superphosphate. If the superphosphate has a very pungent sour smell, it means that waste sulfuric acid is likely to be used in the production process. This chemical fertilizer is very toxic and can easily damage or burn crops, especially rice seedling ponds.

It should be reminded that some chemical fertilizers, although real, are very low, such as low-quality superphosphate, with an available phosphorus content of less than 8%.

1. What is the sentencing standard for the crime of selling counterfeit and shoddy fertilizers?

1. Where criminals have completed the crime of selling counterfeit and inferior chemical fertilizers under the relevant laws of our country, the sentencing standards that our people's courts shall apply to them are: Where the production of fake pesticides, fake veterinary drugs, or fake chemical fertilizers, or the sale of pesticides, veterinary drugs, fertilizers, or seeds that they know to be fake or have lost their effectiveness, causing relatively large losses in production, are to be sentenced to up to three years imprisonment or short-term detention, and/or a fine of between 50% and 2 times the amount of the sales.

2. Legal basis: Article 147 of the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China, anyone who produces fake pesticides, fake veterinary drugs, or fake chemical fertilizers, sells pesticides, veterinary drugs, fertilizers, or seeds that he knows to be fake or have lost their effectiveness, or where a producer or seller passes off unqualified pesticides, veterinary drugs, fertilizers, or seeds as qualified pesticides, veterinary drugs, fertilizers, or seeds, causing greater losses in production, shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years or short-term detention, and/or a fine of not less than 50% but not more than two times the sales amount; where production suffers major losses, a sentence of between three and seven years imprisonment and a fine of not less than 50 percent but not more than two times the amount of sales shall be imposed; and where production suffers especially heavy losses, the sentence is to be fixed-term imprisonment of not less than seven years or life imprisonment, and a fine of not less than 50 percent but not more than two times the amount of sales or confiscation of property is to be given.