How do you make silage? How is silage made?

The process of making silage: harvesting, chopping, adding additives, bagging and storage.

Harvesting: Raw materials should be harvested in a timely manner, and the purpose of obtaining the most nutrients in feed production is to make beam mold substances. Harvest too early, the raw materials contain more water and less digestible nutrients; Harvesting too late increases the cellulose content, poor palatability, and reduced digestibility.

Chopping: In order to facilitate bagging and storage, the raw materials must be shredded before the straw silage of corn stalks, string leaf rosin straw or chicory must be chopped to about 1 to 2 long before the silage can be compacted. Grasses and vines are soft and easy to compact, and cut short to about 3 to 5 silage for good results.

Additives are added: Additives are added immediately after the ingredients are chopped to allow the ingredients to ferment quickly. 2 to 3% sugar, formic acid, amylase and cellulase, urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride and other ammonium can be added.

Filling and storage: Usually plastic bags and cellaring can be used. Before cellaring, lay 10 to 15 cm thick straw on the bottom to allow the sap to be absorbed.

The four walls of the cellar are covered with plastic slag film, in order to prevent water leakage, breathable and pure, and the installation should be steady, which can be rolled by a bulldozer and tamped by manpower, until it is installed until it is about 60 cm above the edge of the cellar, and it can be capped. When capping, a layer of cut straw is first laid, and then a layer of plastic film is added, and then covered with soil and compacted.

Silage is so popular that it is stored for green fodder and fed when there is no green fodder.

Its production principle is to use lactic acid bacteria fermentation to produce a large amount of lactic acid, reduce the pH value, make the feed acidic, thereby inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria, and protecting the nutritional value of green fodder.

The method is to chop the raw materials that need silage, such as whole corn, straw, alfalfa or other pasture, and then put it in a container (cement pool, etc.), compact, and seal tightly.

The key operations in making silage are chopping, compacting, and sealing, and the tighter the seal, the better the quality of the silage. Make silage quickly, otherwise the feed will start to rot before you can seal it.

1) Suitable sugar content: The sugar content of silage raw materials can only achieve a good silage effect when the sugar content in dry matter should not be less than 10% 15% in the silage of the fresh weight of silage raw materials.

Corn stalks, sorghum stalks, grasses, sweet potato vines, sugar beets, cabbage, etc., are excellent silage raw materials. Leguminous forage crops, such as alfalfa, vetch, clover, rhinoceros, broad beans and green cut soybeans, etc., contain less sugar or soluble carbohydrates, and the content of crude protein is more, it is not easy to silage raw materials, it is best to mix silage with grasses (1 is appropriate), or after harvesting, dry to 45% 55% moisture content, into semi-dry grass and then silage, the effect is better, and the nutrition is more comprehensive.

2) Suitable water content lactic acid bacteria reproduction activities, requiring the most suitable water content of 65% 75%. However, the suitable moisture content of silage raw materials varies according to different textures. The raw materials with coarse and hard texture should reach 78% to 82%, and the water content of the tender, juicy and soft raw materials should be lower, and 60% is appropriate (Table 6-2 and Table 6-3).

The scope of application of the method is judged by the standard twisting and twisting method, the whole raw material stalk is twisted and bent without breaking, the water is suitable for sap dripping, the water droplets flow out from the fingers when you hold it, the moisture content must be greater than 75% The grass has begun to break, the moisture content is less than 55% The hand holding method chops the raw materials and holds the raw materials tightly for 1 minute, and then slowly loosens, if the grass ball is slow, it can maintain its shape without juice, and the palm of the hand is also moist and sees water without dripping, indicating that the moisture is suitable, and the moisture content is 70% 75% The grass ball is elastic and slowly spreads, the moisture content is 55% If 65% of the grass balls are scattered immediately, the moisture content is about 55%.

role="Table 6-2 Methods for judging the moisture content of silage raw materials: types of silage raw materials, suitable harvesting period, water content (%), whole plant corn (with ears), milk maturity period 65, straw and fruit ripening period after corn harvesting, harvest 50 60, leguminous forage grass and wild grass, bud stage to early flowering, 70 80, gramineous forage grass, booting stage to heading stage, 70 80, sweet potato vine before frost or potato harvest period 1 2 days, 86 potato stems and leaves, 1 2 days, 80 before trihydrate feed frost

role="Table 6-3 Commonly used silage raw materials are suitable for harvesting.

Anaerobic fermentation will do the trick.