Do black holes eat objects? Black holes can devour anything, and where does that eaten go?

When a particle falls towards the black hole horizon, not only does the black hole unilaterally interact with the particle, but the particle also has a gravitational pull on the black hole. Under the gravitational pull of particles, the Schwarzschild radius of a black hole will increase, rather than remain constant. Thus, in our view, distant observers, particles do not fall into a black hole after an infinite amount of time, but after a very short time scale.

Moreover, the observation of gravitational waves generated by the merger of black holes also supports this theory. If it seems to us that it takes an infinite amount of time for particles to fall into a black hole, the black holes we see today would be "frozen" outside the event horizon if accretion. When the black hole merges, it will emit an extremely large number of photons, which will be observed by us.

In fact, until now, humans have not observed the merger of two black holes in the optical band, which does not correspond to the frequency of events observed by Ligo. <>

First of all, it is necessary to clarify that there is no concept of gravity in the framework of the broad phase, and the gravitational force we feel is the embodiment of space-time distortion. Whether the Earth revolves around the Sun or an apple falls to the ground, it is only a "uniform linear motion" (formally called geodesic) in the geometry of space-time (under the influence of mass). For the sake of description, we still use the word "gravity".

Second, black holes come from a broad phase solution. The Schwarzschild solution is the simplest solution of the broad phase (spherical symmetry), and the gravitational force of the earth and the sun can be described by the Schwarzschild solution. Under the Schwarzschild solution, when the density of matter is high enough, no force can prevent the gravitational collapse of the matter, so the matter collapses into a singularity, forming a black hole (the singularity of the Schwarzschild solution is a point, and for the kerr black hole, a black hole with angular momentum, the singularity is a ring).

The Sun did not collapse because of the internal thermal pressure, but the Sun would not become a black hole if it lost its thermal pressure, but a white dwarf; The reason why the white dwarf does not collapse is because of the internal electron degeneracy pressure, but the white dwarf that cannot be supported by the electron degeneracy pressure does not necessarily become a black hole, but may be a neutron star; Neutron stars do not collapse because there is neutron degeneracy pressure inside, but there is no stronger pressure further up, so if the mass of the neutron star is greater than a certain upper limit (and therefore the density is greater than a certain upper limit), it will definitely collapse into a black hole. Under the theory of the broad phase, we have no choice but to admit the existence of black holes, although Einstein did not like the solution to black holes. Thirdly, white holes and wormholes may be interesting things, but neither is a serious topic, just a science fiction theme.

What cannot be proven or falsified does not fall under the umbrella of science. Finally, let's face the question: the Schwarzschild solution has two peculiar aspects:

One is the horizon and the other is the center. The horizon is also the infinite redshift plane, and the closer you get to the horizon to a distant observer, the slower the time will be, so that's the subject's problem. But note that time slows down for what a distant observer sees, so for a distant observer, it is never visible for a distant observer that matter falls within the event horizon, because time becomes infinitely slower when approaching the event horizon.

But in fact, both light and matter can effortlessly pass through the horizon and reach the interior of the horizon in their own coordinate systems. So the subject's question, did the substance fall into it? Of course, they fell in, and in the local time of matter, they passed through the horizon at once.

If you can look at "Interstellar", when Cooper uses the gravitational slingshot effect of the black hole, you can see that when the accretion material moves to the edge of the event horizon (as seen from the perspective of a distant observer), Cooper himself falls into the black hole and accelerates all the time and passes through the event horizon (in his own coordinate system) at once. So this ** shooting is still quite good, this kind of detail has been noted, after all, there is Kip Thorne as a scientific advisor. <>

First of all, scientific research has shown that black holes do not swallow everything, and some particles can still escape.

The black hole devours matter mainly because of its own mass, which can be easily concluded according to the gravitational formula.

gmm/r*r

When it is swallowed by the black hole, it is already absorbed by the black hole, and in the process, accretion disks and jets are formed around the black hole, which is also one of the few times when the black hole can be seen indirectly.

Went inside the black hole. Black holes have a lot of space to hold that matter.

The matter had been shattered by the energy and had become dusty. Black holes are so scary that humans have not studied them until now.

About 25 million light-years away from Earth in the direction of Canis Canis, there is a very peculiar pair of galaxies that interact with each other. This is one of the most well-known interacting galaxies in astronomy, consisting of a dwarf galaxy, NGC 5195, and a large spiral galaxy, NGC 5194. The two come into contact with each other, as if performing a cosmic ballet.

Scientists speculate that the dwarf galaxy NGC 5195 passes through the disk of spiral galaxies every hundreds of millions of years. Due to the strong gravitational pull of spiral galaxies, NGC 5195 has been highly deformed.

What's even more interesting is that gas exchange occurs between the two galaxies during this process. At this time, the supermassive black hole at NGC 5195** showed its greedy face, devouring gas in a frenzy. Despite NGC 5195, Xiangzheng is a dwarf galaxy, but its supermassive black hole is surprisingly large, with a mass about 19 million times that of the Sun.

By comparison, our galaxy's supermassive black holes are about 4 million times more massive than the Sun and have to bow to the wind.

In a recently published study, researchers at the Jodrell Bank Center for Astrophysics at the University of Manchester in England discovered that the supermassive black hole of NGC 5195 was surprisingly overwhelmed.

They made this astonishing discovery by analyzing radio images taken by the E-Merlin telescope array, combined with observations from the Very Large Telescope, the Chandra Confession X-ray Telescope, and the Hubble Space Telescope.

This supermassive black hole accreted a large amount of gaseous matter, and countless electrons were accelerated to near the speed of light, producing intense radiation. This has caused a huge shock to the gas in the interstellar medium, heating it to millions of degrees Celsius, forming a distinct arc-like structure.

Researchers believe that the arc-like structure has only recently formed, and may be only 1 million to 2 million years old (relative to Earth). I think that at the beginning, the ancestors of mankind had just learned to use fire, but now they can witness this miraculous scene, which is really amazing!

Black holes can devour all objects, and black holes are very dense planets;

The black hole has a huge gravitational pull, even the light is attracted by it, the black hole hides a huge gravitational field, the black hole does not let anything within its boundaries be seen by the outside world, this is the reason why this kind of object is called a black hole, we can not observe it through the reflection of light, we can only understand the black hole indirectly through the surrounding objects affected by it, it is speculated that the black hole is the remnant of a dead star or a pure air mass, which is produced when a special massive supergiant collapses and contracts;

From the point of view of physics, the black hole is a kind of celestial body in the universe in the modern general theory of relativity, the gravitational pull of the black hole is very large, so that the escape speed in the event horizon is greater than the speed of light, in 1916, the German astronomer Karl Schwarzschild obtained a vacuum solution to the gravitational field equation of the Einstein by calculating the roller, this solution shows that if a large amount of matter is concentrated in a point in space, strange phenomena will occur around it.

A black hole is a singularity with infinite density, infinite curvature of space-time, infinitely small volume, and infinite heat in the center, and a part of the surrounding empty celestial region, which is not visible within the scope of this celestial region. According to Albert Einstein's theory of relativity, when a dying star collapses, it will gather into a point where it will become a black hole, swallowing all light and any matter in the adjacent cosmic region.