What were the duties of the ancient Sima, and what was the official position of the ancient Sima

Sima's position was placed in the Yin Shang era, ranked as the third duke, equivalent to the six qing, and Situ, Sikong, Sishi, and Sikou were called the five officials, in charge of military politics and military endowment, and the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period were placed. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty customized, Sima, the main martial arts, in charge of military duties. The army to which the general belonged was divided into five divisions, each of which was led by one Sima.

In the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the generals opened the government, and the government placed Sima alone, the second general, who was in charge of the military of the government, which was equivalent to the chief of staff of later generations. After the Sui and Tang dynasties, it was another name for the military department.

Ancient Sima was an official position in ancient China, which first appeared in the Spring and Autumn Period. The original meaning of Sima was to manage horses, and later gradually evolved into a high-level military ** who managed the military, formulated battle plans, supervised soldiers and other duties.

During the Warring States Period, the position of Sima was set up in various countries, and the position of Sima was often very important. After the Qin Dynasty unified the Six Kingdoms, it established the Great General's Palace, in which there was the post of Sima, which was personally appointed by the General in charge of military affairs. During the Han Dynasty, Sima became a subordinate of the Shangshu of the Ministry of War, mainly responsible for the management of the military, and was responsible for the promulgation and execution of military orders and the manufacture, repair, and storage of weapons and equipment.

By the time of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Sima's position gradually rose to become an independent position, and gradually evolved into a senior person in charge of the government. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Sima often undertook work such as formulating the official system, the examination system, the taxation system, the criminal law system, the weapons system, and the military strategy, which played an important role in the stability and development of politics at that time.

In short, Sima was an important military and political official position in ancient times, which had a profound impact on the development of ancient politics, military affairs, and culture.

Before the Spring and Autumn Period, Sima was an official in charge of horses, and it was a very important military position。The beginning of the Yin Shang era, the rank of the three dukes, equivalent to the six qing, and Situ, Sikong, Sishi, Sikou and called the five officials, in charge of military politics and military endowment, the Spring and Autumn Period, the Warring States period along the place

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty placed the Great Sima, as a plus sign for the general, and later also added to the hussar general, and the Later Han Dynasty set up separately, all of which opened the mansion. After the Sui and Tang dynasties, it was another name for the military department.

Sima's Functions

1. Manage military endowments. Sima was not only in charge of the use of military endowments, but was responsible for the formulation of military levy standards, collection and transportation, and deployment and use.

2. Organize military training. Sima regularly organized temporary training for service personnel during his off-season, which was also determined by the militia system during the slavery era.

3. Enforce military law. Whether it is a military exercise or a real war, anyone who violates orders and military regulations, small self-chariot servants, and even the monarch of the country, will be severely punished, and the law enforcer is Sima.

Sima is the name of an official in ancient times. Horses occupy an important position in ancient Chinese warfare, the professional army before the Spring and Autumn Period was mainly composed of children from noble backgrounds, and the way of war was mainly the formation of chariots against the charge, and the ancient chariots were drawn by horses, so the status of horses was extremely important.

To describe which country has a strong military, it is called the country of a thousand times, the country of ten thousand times, and the like, because of this relationship, Sima is actually an official who is specifically responsible for managing horses, and it is a very important military position.

ExtensionsMaterials

Sixteen National Grand Sima introduced:

1. Han Zhao: Liu He, Liu Yang, Liu Cong, Liu Yao, Liu Ji, Shi Le, Liu Zhi, Liu Yin.

2. Later Zhao: Shi Hu, Shi Bin, Shi Zun, Shi Jian, Li Nong.

3. Former Qin: Lei Qiao'er, Fu An, Fu Su, Dou Chong.

4. Qianyan: Murong Ke, Murong Chong.

5. Houyan: Murong Nong.

6. Beiyan: Feng Sufu, Yao Zhao.

7. Later Qin: Yao Chong.

8. Houliang: Lv Hong.