Ancient and modern wisdom What a failure to break into the king Li Zibe

The personal reason is relatively simple, and the key is the defeat of the [Battle of One Stone].

1. Li Zicheng, who was carried away by a series of victories since the beginning of the year, underestimated the seriousness of the military confrontation at that time. 2, failed to win over Wu Sangui, Dashun Li Zicheng surrendered many times, Wu Sangui hesitated again and again, and once had the idea of surrendering Li Zicheng. It is rumored that he later heard that his concubine Chen Yuanyuan was taken captive by Li Zicheng's subordinates and gave up.

3. The fundamentality of the peasant uprising.

Historically, there are complex reasons (the northern scholars are more inclined to the Tartars in the case of choosing one of the two, and they are also retributed later) 1, the inferior nature of the peasant uprising (only killing but not governing, not good at tough battles, and the antagonism of the scholars) 2, the decadent ruling class at the end of the Ming Dynasty (mainly **).

3. The deceptive nature of the Qing Dynasty (the deceptive tactics of the Tartars made full use of the selfishness of corrupt officials in the late Ming Dynasty).

The title "King Chuang" was not self-appointed by Li Zicheng, but by Gao Yingxiang, the leader of the uprising at the end of the Ming Dynasty; The name "King Chuang" was not self-appointed by Gao Yingxiang, but was promoted by the 36th Route Righteous Army across the country.

At the end of the Ming Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty was already full of holes, there was a Manchu Qing Dynasty in the Liaodong region, there were eunuchs Wei Zhongxian and the Donglin Party in the court, and there were peasant uprisings in various places, and the Ming Dynasty had reached the point of being shaky and crumbling.

Just saying that the peasant rebel army all over the country gave Emperor Chongzhen a headache, the suppression in this area went down, and the other region rose up again, and the typical gourd floated up, the key is that the rebel army across the country is getting louder and louder, and it has actually formed an alliance.

The alliance of the "36th Battalion" was established, and everyone elected the leader, because Wang Jiayin was dead, and Wang Ziyong was not at the scene, so he elected Gao Yingxiang, the most powerful and regular army in the rebel army, as the leader, and unanimously recommended him as the "King of Chuang".

At this time, Li Zicheng was still a general under Gao Yingxiang, and was named "Chuang General", according to some historical records, this Gao Yingxiang is still Li Zicheng's uncle, not only the relationship between superiors and subordinates, but also the relationship between relatives.

Gao Yingxiang's team is not the same, the main force is basically a strong force, when not fighting, they are diligent in drilling, and when they fight, they also pay great attention to tactical tactics, uniform clothing, and even configure war horses.

Gao Yingxiang was elected as the "King of Chuang", and fought all the way, from north to south, and even to today's Hubei and Chongqing, becoming the primary target of the Ming Dynasty's counterinsurgency.

In the ninth year of Chongzhen, after Gao Yingxiang and Li Zi led troops to attack Luzhou, they went north to attack Xi'an, but they didn't want to be ambushed by Sun Chuanting, the last famous general of the Ming Dynasty, in Heishuiyu, Gao Yingxiang was captured, escorted to Beijing, and finally executed by Ling Chi!

Gao Yingxiang, the leader of the most powerful peasant rebel army in the late Ming Dynasty, was destroyed, but the peasant uprising was still in full swing, Gao Yingxiang, the king of Chuang, died, the "thirty-six battalions" alliance still existed, and the leader of the alliance died, and someone would continue to come out to succeed him, so the rebel army from all walks of life elected Li Zicheng as the leader of the alliance, and gave Li Zicheng the title of "King Chuang".

Li Zicheng not only inherited the leadership of Gao Yingxiang, but also inherited the title of "King Chuang", since then Li Zicheng continued to fight against the Ming army with the name of "King Chuang", and finally entered the city of Beijing, forcing Emperor Chongzhen to death, and the Ming Dynasty has since fallen.

Because Li Zicheng led the army to defeat Gao Yingxiang, and Gao Yingxiang's title is King Chuang. So Li Zicheng inherited his title and called himself King Chuang.

Because Li Zicheng's strength is very strong, he broke through many people's levels at that time. That's why he called King Chuang.

Because he was a shepherd for the landlord as a child. In the sixth year of the Apocalypse (1626), he was a Yinchuan post soldier and practiced riding and archery. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, peasant uprisings were surging.

In the third year of Chongzhen (1630), Li Zicheng was laid off and dropped out, and Yu Mizhi called on the hungry people to revolt, and led the crowd to vote for the leader of the peasant army not to touch the mud, and then to vote for Gao Yingxiang, and the eighth team broke into the general. He fought bravely and courageously, and was highly valued by Gao Yingxiang.

Later, Gao Yingxiang was captured and became righteous, and Li Zicheng inherited the title of King Chuang and carried forward this title.

1. Reasons.

Li Zicheng's Dashun regime did not establish a solid base area, which left him without a consolidated rear and unable to concentrate his forces when fighting against the Qing army and Wu Sangui's Guanning Iron Cavalry.

Not only did the Dashun army fail to consolidate its base well, but it was unable to even defend the city.

Limitations of the Lee Zicheng Group. In the turbulent times at the end of the Ming Dynasty, Li Zicheng and most of his subordinates only saw the enemy Ming Dynasty and the army in front of them, and did not see the Manchu Eight Banners that also had the strength to compete with them at that time.

After Li Zicheng arrived in the city of Beijing, he had a great sense of pride, the discipline of the army dropped sharply, and he also made great mistakes in dealing with the surrender of the Ming Dynasty.

Li Zicheng did not concentrate his forces in the crucial battle, the Battle of Shanhaiguan.

2. Character profile.

Li Zicheng (1606-1645), formerly known as Hongji, was the leader of the peasant uprising in the late Ming Dynasty. In his childhood, he shepherded sheep for the landlord and was a post boy in Yinchuan. In the uprising in 1629, he was a general under Gao Yingxiang, the king of Chuang, who was brave and insightful.

At the Xingyang Conference, he put forward a plan for dividing troops and orienting troops and attacking on four fronts, which was approved by the leaders of various departments. After Gao Yingxiang died, he succeeded to the title of King Chuang.

At that time, the Central Plains was suffering from a severe famine and the social class contradictions were extremely acute, so Li Yan put forward slogans such as "Juntian is exempt from taxation", which was welcomed by the broad masses of the people, and the army grew to one million people, becoming the main force in the rebel army. In 1643, he was proclaimed the king of Xinshun in Xiangyang, and annihilated the main force of Sun Chuanting, the governor of Shaanxi in the Ming Dynasty, in Ruzhou, Henan, and occupied Xi'an with victory. In the first month of the following year, the Dashun regime was established, and the era name was Yongchang.

Soon conquered Beijing and overthrew the Ming Dynasty. In April, Dolgon led the Eight Banners Army to join forces with Wu Sangui, the general soldier of the Ming Dynasty, and fought Li Zicheng inside and outside Shanhaiguan. Li Zicheng was defeated, withdrew from Beijing, and led his army to resist in Henan and Shaanxi.

On May 17, 1645, he was mistakenly killed by villagers at the Yuandi Temple in Jiugongshan, Tongshan, Hubei.

Although he was a successful general, he was not a successful political commander. Why was he able to defeat the Ming Dynasty, but he could not resist the Qing army? First of all, in terms of class strength, the Ming Dynasty was very defeated at that time, the contradictions between the peasants could not be reconciled, and it was also very politically corrupt, so when he wanted to attack the Ming Dynasty, it was naturally expected by everyone, and many people came to support it.

At the same time, the nobles of the Ming Dynasty did not resist much, and they had lost their determination to resist at that time. In terms of the army, although on the surface his army is very strong, he did not estimate the situation. His army has always maintained a steady number, and even though he has won many battles, he has not expanded.

In addition, the army of the Qing Dynasty was very strong, and it did not experience a series of previous wars, so its natural strength was very well preserved.

At the same time, he is not particularly good in politics, his slogan is that as long as you follow me, you will not collect taxes, but if you don't collect taxes, and you will get money from ** to support the army? They are all raiding one place and robbing all the nobles, so their follow-up forces are very weak, and the army economy is also very unstable. In addition, the Ming Dynasty nobles were very weak, and they surrendered immediately after the Qing army entered the customs, and even if Li Zicheng wanted to fight back, he was empty because his army was not strong and there was no follow-up economic supply.

Therefore, even if he wanted to come back later, because he miscalculated the determination and political strategy of the Qing army, he never succeeded in fighting back after going west. He did not lay a good foundation for his army, so in the later period, under the strong attack of the Qing army, he could only declare defeat.

Or because of his background, when they were about to succeed, they found that there was not enough food and grass, but he did not choose a way to win people's hearts, but used a method that was unacceptable to all ordinary people, When the common people changed the monarch, their living conditions did not change for the better but for the worse, who would support him.

Li Zicheng led the peasant uprising, but the peasant class had great limitations, and its thinking was not advanced enough, and its strength was not enough, so it would eventually fail.

Although Li Zicheng was very strong and could almost overthrow the Ming Dynasty, he was a peasant rebel army after all, and he did not have strong strength to support him, and he did not have enough strength to support him to become the head of a dynasty.

I think it was because most of his army was peasants, so his combat ability was not strong, and the Manchu army had the Eight Banners Army, and Li Zicheng also surrendered to the Qing Dynasty when he attacked the Manchus, so he was defeated in the end.

I think it may be because of the lack of management ability, and then there are some aspects of guidance, and then the concerted efforts of the army are not as good as the enemy, so it failed in the end.

Li Zicheng, the king of Chuang, almost overthrew the Ming Dynasty, after all, he was a peasant uprising, they needed to take it in one fell swoop, the time dragged on for a long time, the supply of grain and grass could not be met, and the army was exhausted, and finally ended in failure

Because she is a peasant army, she doesn't have enough strength to support him, so most of the general peasant army uprisings end in failure, so there is no way.

Li Zicheng's uprising was under the slogan of Juntian's exemption from taxation, but when he captured the city of Beijing, he betrayed his promise, similar to the feudal emperor's practice, and lost the support of the people.

I think it's still because of the problem of strength, it's very simple to launch an uprising, but if you want to confront the Ming Dynasty, you still need a certain amount of materials and manpower.

I think the reason why I failed in the end was because I didn't have enough strength at that time, and because I didn't have enough strength, I didn't have enough strength to lead to the final failure.

There have always been different opinions on the question of how Lao Tzu died, some people say that they die of old age, and some people say that they become immortals.