What are the performance uses of 321 stainless steel?

321 belongs to the American standard titanium type austenitic stainless steel.

Executive standard: ASTM A240 A240M-19321 stainless steel.

Its properties are very similar to those of 304, but due to the addition of titanium metal.

It has better grain boundary resistance.

Corrosive and high-temperature strength. Due to the addition of titanium metal, the formation of chromium carbide is effectively controlled.

The chemical composition of 321 stainless steel is shown in the following figure:

321 Stainless Steel Industry Applications:

It is used in field and open-air machines in the chemical, coal, and petroleum industries with high requirements for grain boundary corrosion resistance, as well as heat-resistant parts for building materials and parts with difficulty in heat treatment.

1 .Petroleum exhaust gas combustion pipelines.

2 .Engine exhaust pipe.

3 .Boiler housings, heat exchangers, furnace components.

4 .Silencing parts for diesel engines.

5 .Boiler pressure vessels.

6 .Chemical transport trucks.

7 .Expansion joints.

8 .Spiral welded pipes for furnace pipes and dryers.

321 stainless steel is a ni-cr-ti type austenitic stainless steel, which has abrasion resistance, high temperature resistance, creep resistance, etc., and is used to manufacture wear-resistant acid containers and linings of wear-resistant equipment, conveying pipelines.

321 stainless steel has TI as a stabilizing element, but it is also a thermally strong steel grade, which is much better than 316L in terms of high temperatures. 321 stainless steel has good abrasion resistance in organic acids and inorganic acids at different concentrations and temperatures, especially in oxidizing media, and is used to manufacture wear-resistant acid containers and wear-resistant equipment linings and transportation pipelines.

321 stainless steel is a ni-cr-ti type austenitic stainless steel, its properties are very similar to 304, but due to the addition of metal titanium, it has better resistance to grain boundary corrosion and high temperature strength. Due to the addition of titanium metal, the formation of chromium carbide is effectively controlled.

321 stainless steel has excellent high-temperature stress breaking performance, high-temperature creep resistance and stress mechanical properties are better than 304 stainless steel. It is suitable for welding components used at high temperatures.

321 stainless steel is used in the chemical, coal, petroleum industry with high requirements for grain boundary corrosion resistance, building materials heat-resistant parts and parts with difficult heat treatment, such as:

1. Petroleum exhaust gas combustion pipeline;

2. an engine exhaust pipe;

3. Boiler shell, heat exchanger, heating furnace parts;

4. Silencing parts for diesel engines;

5. a boiler and pressure vessel;

6. a chemical transport vehicle;

7. a expansion joint;

8. Spiral welded pipes for furnace pipes and dryers;

9. Aircraft.

321 Stainless Steel Chemical Composition:

Carbon C: Silicon Si:

Manganese Mn: Sulfur S:

Phospho: Chromium Cr:

Nickel Ni:Titanium Ti: 5 C%.

321 Stainless Steel Mechanical Properties:

Tensile strength b(mpa): 520

Conditional yield strength : 205

Elongation δ5 (%)40

Section shrinkage (%50

Hardness: 187HB; ≤90hrb;≤200hv

321 Stainless Steel Heat Treatment Specification:

Heat treatment specifications: 1) Solid solution 920 1150 fast cooling; 2) According to the requirements of the buyer, the stabilization treatment can be carried out, and the heat treatment temperature is 850 930, but it must be specified in the contract. 3) The solution temperature should not exceed 1066, and if it does, it must be stabilized to prevent the precipitation of chromium.

Metallographic structure: The structure is characterized by austenite type.

Delivery status: generally delivered in a heat treatment state, and the type of heat treatment is indicated in the contract; If not indicated, it will be delivered in a non-heat-treated state.

321 stainless steel ** merchant.

321 stainless steel is basically a modified version of 304 stainless steel. The main difference between the two is the five-fold increase in carbon due to the addition of titanium. The addition of titanium helps prevent carbide precipitation during welding and at high temperature changes.

Regardless of the wonderful addition of titanium, the 321 still has many of the same properties that make the 300 series of stainless steels so great. Common uses of 321 stainless steel are annealing, heavy-duty automotive exhaust systems, firewalls, stacking linings, aircraft components, and other high-temperature use equipment.

What is carbide precipitation?

When talking about 300 series stainless steel, carbide precipitation is often talked about. The concept is simple, but it has to do with metal fusion. When metals are at high temperatures, they often fuse together to form a denser metal than before.

In the case of stainless steel, stainless steel contains chromium and carbon, two of which form a dense metal called chromium carbide.

This fusion is detrimental to stainless steel because it eliminates important properties. For example, chromium helps resist corrosion resistance and consumption, and by forming another metal will make your stainless steel weaker. On the other hand, although the corrosion structure is weaker in some places, the integrity of stainless steel is also depleted, as structurally the formation pathways of these two metals are formed.

321s prevent this by adding titanium, which means they can stay at higher temperatures than other 300 series stainless steels. This makes it easier to use in terms of processing and machining into the appropriate shape or use.

What is the chemical composition of 321 stainless steel? [Spot** inquiry].

Carbon C: Silicon Si:

Manganese mn:

Phosphorus p: sulfur s:

Chromium Cr:Molybdenum Mo:—

Nickel Ni: vanadium V:—Nitrogen N:

Titanium Ti: 5*(C+N).

321 stainless steel features.

Strength. Fouling resistance and phase stability.

Excellent forming and welding properties.

Tolerate drinking water up to 200 mg l chloride at room temperature.

321 stainless steel applications.

Ideal uses for 321 stainless steel include expansion joints, aircraft parts, furnace parts, heat exchangers, mineral processing screens, welding by all standard methods, with or without filler metal.

Ingredients, properties, and uses are all different.

321 stainless steel is a titanium stable grade that is typically used in the temperature range of 538-870°C. For service temperatures up to approximately 870°C, it can be stabilized under air cooling at 842-899°C to provide optimal resistance to heat-affected zone (HAZ) intergranular corrosion and polysulfuric acid stress corrosion cracking.

Alloy 321 stainless steel can be easily welded by all common methods, including submerged arc welding. A suitable weld filler is AWS ER347 bare wire and E347 clad electrode. Alloy 321 stainless steel has good machinability and is easy to manufacture.

Characteristic. Density: grams of cubic centimeters.

Melting range: 1400 1427 °C

Specification. UN ID: UNS Code: Standards: ASTM A240, A276, A312, A479, AMS

Alloy 321 can be used in a variety of applications, including:

Aircraft piston engine manifolds.

Expansion joints. Thermal oxidizers.

Oil refining equipment. High-temperature chemical process equipment.

The differences between 321 stainless steel and 316 stainless steel are as follows:

1. The implementation standards are different.

321 belongs to the American standard titanium containing austenitic stainless steel, the executive standard: ASTMA276 A276M-17, 316L belongs to the American standard austenitic stainless steel, 316L stainless steel executive standard: ASTMA240 A240M-19.

2. The performance characteristics are different.

The properties of 321 stainless steel are very similar to those of 304, but due to the addition of titanium metal, it has better resistance to grain boundary corrosion and high temperature strength. Due to the addition of titanium metal, the formation of chromium carbide is effectively controlled. 316 stainless steel is a molybdenum-containing stainless steel grade, due to the molybdenum content in the steel, the total performance of this steel grade is better than that of 310 and 304 stainless steel, under high temperature conditions, when the concentration of sulfuric acid is lower than 15% or higher than 85%, 316L stainless steel has a wide range of uses.

316L stainless steel also has good resistance to chloride attack.

3. Different industry applications.

321 stainless steel industry is used in petroleum exhaust gas combustion pipelines, engine exhaust pipes, boiler housings, heat exchangers, furnace parts, chemical transport vehicles, etc. 316L stainless steel is commonly used in pulp and paper equipment, film processing equipment, pipes, materials for the exterior of buildings in coastal areas, and bracelets for high-end watches.

Classification of types of stainless steel:

1. According to the classification of the structure in the steel, it is generally divided into austenitic stainless steel, ferritic stainless steel and martensitic stainless steel.

2. According to the classification of chemical composition in steel, it is generally divided into chromium stainless steel, chromium-nickel stainless steel, chromium-manganese nitrogen stainless steel and ultra-low-carbon stainless steel.

3. According to the performance characteristics and use of steel, it is generally divided into nitric acid resistant stainless steel, sulfuric acid resistant stainless steel, pitting corrosion resistant stainless steel, stress corrosion resistant stainless steel and high-strength stainless steel.

4. According to the functional characteristics of steel, it is generally divided into low-temperature stainless steel, non-magnetic stainless steel, free-cutting stainless steel and superplastic stainless steel. <>

1. Stainless steel 321 material is 0Cr18Ni10Ti.

Stainless steel is NI-CR-TI type austenitic stainless steel, which has abrasion resistance, high temperature resistance, creep resistance, etc., and is used to manufacture wear-resistant acid containers and linings for wear-resistant equipment, conveying pipelines.

Ti in stainless steel exists as a stabilizing element, but it is also a thermally strong steel grade, which is much better than 316L in terms of high temperatures. 321 stainless steel has good abrasion resistance in organic and inorganic acids at different concentrations and temperatures, especially in oxidizing media.

321 stainless steel is a titanium stable grade that is typically used in the temperature range of 538-870°C. For service temperatures up to approximately 870°C, it can be stabilized under air cooling at 842-899°C to provide optimal resistance to heat-affected zone (HAZ) intergranular corrosion.

and polysulfuric acid stress corrosion cracking ability.

Alloy 321 stainless steel can be welded by including submerged arc welding.

and all common methods of easy welding. A suitable weld filler is AWS ER347 bare wire and E347 clad electrode. Alloy 321 stainless steel has good machinability and is easy to manufacture.

Characteristic. Density: grams of cubic centimeters.

Melting range: 1400 1427 °C

Specification. UN ID: UNS Code: Standards: ASTM A240, A276, A312, A479, AMS

Alloy 321 can be used in a variety of applications, including:

Aircraft piston engine manifolds.

Expansion joints. Thermal oxidizers.

Oil refining equipment. High-temperature chemical process equipment.

The stainless steels you proposed belong to austenitic stainless steels, 301 (12Cr17Ni7), 302 (12Cr18Ni9), 304 (06Cr19Ni10), 309S (06Cr23Ni13), 316 (06Cr17Ni12Mo2), 321 (1Cr18Ni9Ti).

1: Grade 316Ti stainless steel.

Two: chemical composition.

c：≤ si≤ mn≤ p≤ s≤ ni crmo ti≥5*c%~

Three: the scope of application, the field of application:

316L stainless steel is added with MO, so its corrosion resistance, atmospheric corrosion resistance and high temperature strength are particularly good, and can be used under harsh conditions; Excellent work hardening (non-magnetic). Excellent strength at high temperatures. 316L stainless steel is an austenitic stainless steel and cannot be strengthened by heat treatment.

It has good strength, plasticity, toughness and cold formability, as well as good low-temperature properties. Due to the addition of 2% MO on the basis of Cr18Ni8, the steel is endowed with good resistance to reducing media and pitting resistance. It has suitable corrosion resistance in various organic acids, inorganic acids, alkalis, salts and seawater.

In reducing acidic media, its corrosion resistance is much better than that of 304

Four: Overview. The corrosion resistance of stainless steel is better than that of 304 stainless steel, and it has good corrosion resistance in the production process of pulp and paper. And 316 stainless steel is also resistant to the erosion of the ocean and the aggressive industrial atmosphere. In intermittent use below 1600 degrees and continuous use below 1700 degrees, 316 stainless steel has good oxidation resistance.

In the range of 800-1575 degrees, it is better not to act continuously on 316 stainless steel, but when 316 stainless steel is used continuously outside of this temperature range, the stainless steel has good heat resistance. 316L stainless steel has better resistance to carbide precipitation than 316 stainless steel, and can be used in the above temperature ranges. Annealing is carried out in the temperature range of 1850-2050 degrees, followed by rapid annealing, followed by rapid cooling.

It is resistant to high temperatures, easy to process, and high strength. 316L stainless steel, no post-weld annealing is required.