Examples of intra industry trade and inter industry trade 20

1. Different concepts: The phenomenon that the products of the same industrial sector are only exported or imported by a country or region in a period of time. Intra-industry is the behavior of a country that imports and exports similar products, or the international exchange of products produced by the same industry.

2. Different flow directions: In the first industry, the same industrial product is basically one-way flow. Industry** refers to a country or region that both exports and imports a certain type of manufactured product.

3. Different characteristics: the most advanced products in the industry have diversified characteristics, among these products, there are both labor-intensive products and capital-intensive products, both standard technology products, and high-tech products. Not between industries.

The main difference between intra-industry and inter-industry.

Intra-industry trade is the abbreviation of intra-industry trade, which refers to a country or region in a period of time.

The phenomenon of both importing and exporting products from the same industrial sector. For example, Japan exports cars to the United States and imports cars from the United States at the same time; China.

Exporting a certain brand of shirts to South Korea and at the same time importing certain T-shirts from South Korea.

of this ** activity. The industry** also includes intermediate products.

**, that is, the semi-finished products and parts of a certain product between the two countries**.

In inter-industry trade, products from the same industry are basically one-way flowing, that is, either imported or exported;

The industry is two-way flow, so the industry is also called two-way trade. Inter-industry** is the inter-industry of different industries.

For example, the industrial products produced in one country are traded with the agricultural products produced in another country, and the industrial products are mainly one of the industrial products.

** between products. Traditional inter-industry transactions are generally done through independent vendor transactions in different countries, while intra-industry transactions.

This is achieved through both internal and external markets. Now, due to the rise and rapid development of multinational corporations, a large part of the international **.

It is carried out between subsidiaries and subsidiaries, subsidiaries and parent companies of multinational corporations. This internalization of TNCs by taking advantage of their special strengths.

The trading mechanism is known as the internal market. The corresponding buyers and sellers conduct exchanges independently.

The market that is formed is called the external market.

Therefore, the first industry can be more accurately described as: the products in the same industry, mainly the finished products, through the external market and the internal market.

The two-way flow of fields between different countries or regions.

1. The concept of different industries is a phenomenon in which a country or region, in a period of time, only exports or imports products from the same industrial sector. The industry is the first behavior of a country that imports and exports similar products, or the international exchange of products produced in the same industry. 2. Different flow directions: In the first industry, the same industrial product is basically one-way flow.

The industry is in the middle of the country** is a country or region that exports and imports a certain type of manufactured goods at the same time. 3. The characteristics of the best products in different industries have diversified characteristics, among these products, there are both labor-intensive products and capital-intensive products, and there are both standard technical products and high-tech products. Not between industries.

Characteristics of the industry:1 Compared with the industry, there is a great difference between the content of the industry.

2. The flow of products in the industry is two-way, that is, in the same industry, the products will be imported and exported at the same time.

3. The most advanced products in the industry have the characteristics of diversification, among which there are both labor-intensive products and capital-intensive products; There are both standard technology products and high-tech products.

4 Although the products in the industry have the characteristics of diversity, these products must meet two conditions in order to be carried out in the industry, one is to replace each other in the cost of consumption, and the other is to need similar or similar production factors in production.

input.

The theory of the industry is a theory about the characteristics and reasons for the growth of similar products in the industry. This theory breaks through some assumptions of the traditional international theory (such as the market structure of perfect competition, the constant return of scale, etc.), and examines the formation mechanism of the industry from the aspects of economies of scale and product differences, so as to explain the phenomenon that the industry increasingly occupies the main position in the world.

This theory starts from imperfect competition, product differentiation and economies of scale, and provides a theoretical basis for homogeneous products and heterogeneous products in the industry. Since then, scholars have put forward various theoretical models in various industries in the late 70s and early 80s of the 20th century, such as the New Chamberlain model, Lancaster model, Brand model, Krugman model, etc., which have further enriched and developed the theory.

The first is that the factors of production inputs are similar, and the second is that the products can be substituted for each other in use. Products that meet the above conditions can be divided into two categories: homogeneous products and heterogeneous products, also known as identical products or differential products.

1) Homogeneous products in the industry**. Homogeneous products or identical products refer to products that can be completely substituted for each other, that is, products have a high cross-elasticity of demand, and consumers' consumption preferences for such products are exactly the same. The form of this kind of product usually belongs to the industry, but due to the difference in market location and market time, it will also occur within the industry.

The cross-cutting industry of bulk products on the border between the two countries**. Transportation costs account for a significant portion of the total cost of bulk traded products such as ores, steel, timber and glass.

Seasonal**. The production and market demand of some products have a certain seasonality, so the contradiction between the country in order to meet domestic demand will also form the industry **, for example, some countries in Europe in order to solve each other's peak electricity consumption and the import and export of electricity "peak shaving". In addition, the seasonal import and export of some fruits and vegetables also fall into this category.