Who is the intended reader of the Zizhi Tongjian ?

The author of "Zizhi Tongjian" is: Sima Guang.

Zizhi Tongjian is a multi-volume chronicle edited by the Northern Song Dynasty historian Sima Guang, with a total of 294 volumes and completed in 19 years. Mainly based on time and events, it was written from the 23rd year of King Weilie of Zhou (403 BC) to the sixth year of Zhou Shizong Xiande (959 AD) five generations later, covering the history of 1362 years of the 16th Dynasty.

In this book, the editors summed up many lessons for the rulers to learn from, and Song Shenzong believed that this book "in view of the past, it has the ability to govern the way", that is, to use the gains and losses of history as a warning to strengthen the rule, so it was named "Zizhi Tongjian". The "Zizhi Tongjian" has 294 volumes, about 3 million words, and 30 volumes of "Examination of Differences" and "Table of Contents".

Works Impact:

When Sima Guang was compiling and revising the "Zizhi Tongjian", he not only properly kneaded the chronicle into the chronicle, so that the details of the chronicle were combined with the conciseness of the chronicle.

Sima Guang broke through this old practice and collected the chronology, imperial chronicles, calendars, celestial phenomena, table of contents, important points, and indexes in three parts, creating a new style of multi-functional catalogue of chronicles, making the Zizhi Tongjian more perfect, and advancing the compilation of Chinese history to a new level.

Sima Guang's thoughts, modes and methods of literature collation not only produced fruitful results and enriched the theory of classical Chinese philology, but also had a profound impact on the development of philology.

"Zizhi Tongjian" (Chang Jian, "Tongjian"), a multi-volume chronicle edited by Sima Guang of the Northern Song Dynasty, a total of 294 volumes, took 19 years to complete. Mainly based on time and events, it was written from the twenty-third year of King Weilie of Zhou (403 B.C.) to the sixth year of Zhou Shizong Xiande (959 A.D.) five generations later, covering the history of 16 dynasties and 1362 years. Zizhi Tongjian is the first chronicle of China's general history.

"Zizhi Tongjian" is a multi-volume chronicle edited by Sima Guang of the Northern Song Dynasty, with a total of 294 volumes, which took 19 years to complete.

The author of "Zizhi Tongjian" is Sima Guang. Sima Guang was a famous historian, politician and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty, and belongs to today's Shanxi. He was born in the first year of Renzong Bao, and after entering the office, he served in Longtu Pavilion Zhixue, and Wang Anshi's political views on the law at that time were at odds with the law, and then left the imperial court for fifteen years, and presided over and compiled the chronicle of the general history "Zizhi Tongjian".

Introduction

Sima Guang was born in the third year of the Tianxi reign of Song Zhenzong, and because his father was the commander of Guangshan County at that time, he was named Guang. When Sima Guang was six years old, his father Sima Chi taught to read, and when he was seven years old, he could not only recite "Zuo's Spring and Autumn", but also made the thing that shook Jingluo by "smashing the cylinder to save friends".

The Zizhi Tongjian, compiled by Sima Guang, was the first chronicle in Chinese history, and it took him 19 years to compile it. This monumental work has a total of 294 volumes, mainly recording historical events from 403 B.C. to 959 A.D., and has an important position in China's historical research.

The Zizhi Tongjian begins in the twenty-third year of King Weilie of Zhou (403 BC) and ends in the sixth year of Xiande of Zhou (959).

The records of the "Zizhi Tongjian" are recorded in 1362 years before and after. The book is divided into 16 periods according to dynasties, namely five volumes of the Zhou Dynasty, three volumes of the Qin Dynasty, sixty volumes of the Han Dynasty, ten volumes of the Wei Dynasty, forty volumes of the Jin Dynasty, sixteen volumes of the Song Dynasty, ten volumes of the Qi Dynasty, twenty-two volumes of the Liang Dynasty, ten volumes of the Chen Dynasty, eight volumes of the Sui Dynasty, eighty-one volumes of the Tang Dynasty, six volumes of the Later Liang Period, eight volumes of the Later Tang Dynasty, six volumes of the Later Jin Dynasty, four volumes of the Later Han Dynasty, and five volumes of the Later Zhou Dynasty.

The division of the Jin dynasty refers to the event that the Jin kingdom was divided by the Han, Zhao, and Wei families in the late Spring and Autumn period of China. In the twenty-third year of King Weilie of Zhou (403 BC), King Weilie of Zhou named the three families as the princes. The record of Sima Guang's chronicle "Zizhi Tongjian" begins with this event:

In the twenty-third year of King Weilie of Zhou, he initially appointed Wei Si, Zhao Ji, and Han Qian as the princes ......"As the boundary between the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States.

Volume 32, Han Ji XXIV. Time: 13 BC to 8 BC. The main stories include the case of King Liu Li of Liang, the establishment of the crown prince by Emperor Cheng of the Han Dynasty, and the auxiliary government of Wang Mang.

1. The case of Liang Wang and Liu Li. Prime Minister Zhang Yu wrote a letter to Emperor Cheng to kill King Liang in response to King Liang's violation of the law, but Gu Yong, the middle doctor, did not approve of killing King Liang and put forward the corresponding reasons and the impact of the incident. In the end, Emperor Cheng of the Han Dynasty was "sleeping but not curing", and it was over.

This is the most undesirable practice. Such a problem is often encountered in the enterprise, some civil influential events to the top level will be silent, this practice harms two, one is that the enterprise can not form a unified idea, and will gradually evolve into a small gang. In fact, whether it is negative or affirmative, the most important thing for employees is the attitude of the company, without a clear attitude, the impact of the incident will continue to spread, and more negative voices will appear; Second, it will discourage the enthusiasm of employees to innovate, many times, employees have a lot of good ideas and suggestions, after submitting to the company, if there is no clear reply, slowly no one will use their brains to innovate, and the vitality of the enterprise will decline.

Therefore, in the face of some influential events in the company, decision-makers must show a clear attitude to support or oppose to avoid the emergence of multiple "voices" within the enterprise.

2, Prime Minister Zhang Yu. I despise a person very much, but the adaptability and the thoroughness of thinking are worth learning from. When Emperor Cheng of the Han Dynasty asked the people about the dictatorship of the Wang family, Zhang Yu's first reaction was "I see that I am old, my descendants are weak, and I am afraid of being resentful of Quyang Hou (Wang Gen)", and then he said a set of words about "silent strange power and chaos", which completely answered Emperor Cheng's questions, and finally became more favored, and resolved the resentment with Wang Gen, and got the closeness of the Wang family.

This result is still due to Zhang Yu's own thinking ability and knowledge foundation.

3. Wang Mang's auxiliary government. At the age of thirty-eight, he is ranked as the third duke, and he is as frugal as ever, and it is even more rare to ask his family to be thrifty. Whether it is a "decorative name" is not necessarily. The story is still to come.

I dreamed of buying this book, but I didn't have a book at home during the epidemic, and I really wanted to buy this book to read. The reason is that this book is the first chronicle book of the country, and it is also a compulsory textbook for government management and self-governance in ancient China. It is a book specially arranged by the emperor in order to allow himself to read the thoughts and thoughts of each emperor.

The book "Zizhi Tongjian" is a masterpiece of ancient Chinese historiography with meticulous materials, complete structure, detailed research, comfortable writing, and appropriate knowledge. "Siku Quanshu General Catalogue" called: "unprecedented" book, Liang Qichao praised it, "a great text of heaven and earth", a generation of great people*** also known as the reading circle point "Zizhi Tongjian" up to 17 articles.

I also love to read, which shows that many great people have great respect for this book!

1.If you want to lose, you will be supplemented, and if you want to take it, you will be with it. This sentence comes from the "Book of Zhou", in Zizhi Tongjian, it is said that Zhibo's, arrogant soldiers underestimate the enemy, and finally failed, and others used this sentence to fight Jian Dan against him, giving him the city, which is a kind of tactical thinking.

2.Talented, virtuous, virtuous, handsome. This sentence shows that talent and virtue are important to each other. Talented, is the icing on the cake of virtue; Virtue is the core of talent, and without virtue, no amount of talent will help.

3.If you are full of talent, you are called a saint, and if you are both virtuous and dead, you are called a fool. Desheng is a gentleman, and only a villain is a villain.

Only when it is used together with virtue is a saint, but it is incompatible, it is a fool. And the more important of the two, good virtue is already a gentleman. This tells us that when selecting cadres or making friends, we should not be blinded by the talents of others, and the core is to pay attention to the virtues of the other party.

3.The gentleman thinks it is good, the villain thinks it is evil, it thinks it is good, the good is everything, and the one who thinks it is evil will be evil. The empty disturbing gentleman uses his talents to do good deeds, and good deeds will continue to happen to him.

If he is coerced to do bad things, bad things will happen to him constantly. This is the same as the house of accumulating goodness, there will be afterglow, and the house of accumulating bad will have aftermath, which is similar to the same thing.

4.The rich are proud, and the poor are proud? The poor are proud, and the rich dare to be proud?

The king and the proud will lose his country, the doctor and the proud will lose his home, the one who loses his country has not heard of the country to be treated, and the one who has lost his home has not heard of the home to be treated. Only the poor and the lowly will be proud, and the rich will not be proud. If the king is proud, he will lose the country, and if the doctor is proud, he will lose his family, and no one will dare to receive those who lose their country and family.

So we are told that we must guard against arrogance, especially if we have talent or wealth, we can't have this.

5.The family is poor and thinks of a good wife, and the country is chaotic. This sentence is literally well understood. It gives me the feeling that this is a kind of prepared thinking, and you can't think about anything until you need help when it happens, but you should prepare for it in normal times.