What are the basic disciplines and what are the applied disciplines

science), is relative.

Basic Disciplines. It refers to the applied disciplines of scientific research and talent training carried out by colleges and universities with the goal of solving practical problems in social life, production and management.

Basic disciplines refer to the study of the basic laws of social development and provide human beings.

Survival and development.

The subjects of basic knowledge are generally mostly traditional subjects, such as mathematics, physics, chemistry, philosophy, social science, history, literature, etc. basic disciplines, especially among them.

Humanities. It is difficult to have the conditions to directly create economic benefits.

Extended Materials. The seven basic disciplines are mathematics, logic, astronomy and astrophysics.

Earth science. And.

Space Science. Physics, Chemistry, Life Sciences.

Applied disciplines.

All of them are derivative disciplines on the basis of basic disciplines.

In the new context of the construction of "double first-class" and the development of higher education classification, the application of disciplines.

Construction and development.

Highly valued. Applied disciplines refer to the relevant scientific research and personnel training carried out by colleges and universities with the goal of solving practical problems in social life, production and management.

Encyclopedia. Basic Disciplines.

First, the nature is different.

2. Basic disciplines: It is a discipline that studies the basic development laws of society and provides basic knowledge of human survival and development, generally mostly traditional disciplines, such as mathematics, physics, chemistry, philosophy, social science, history, literature, etc.

Second, the tendency is different.

1. Applied disciplines: applied and applied.

2. Basic disciplines: The purpose of research in basic disciplines is to obtain comprehensive knowledge and understanding of the subject under study, rather than to study the practical application of the subject.

Third, the research objects are different.

1. Applied disciplines: to solve practical engineering problems and social practical problems as the research object.

2. Basic disciplines: take the subject knowledge itself as the research object.

The so-called basic disciplines refer to the disciplines that study the basic laws of social development and provide basic knowledge of human survival and development, and are generally mostly traditional disciplines, such as mathematics, physics, chemistry, philosophy, social science, history, literature, etc. It is difficult for basic disciplines, especially the humanities, to directly create economic benefits.

Basic disciplines: those that take the subject knowledge itself as the research object, and are more academic belong to the basic disciplines. For example, majors such as mathematics, physics, chemistry, philosophy, history, etc.

Applied disciplines: It is to solve practical engineering problems and social practical problems as the research object, and the practical positions belong to the applied disciplines, such as: engineering, management, design, technology; There is no hard and fast rule on the order of applying for applied disciplines and basic disciplines in the same school, and how candidates apply for majors should be considered according to their own conditions, actual ability, aspirations, future employment, etc.

Development prospects

In addition to the large number of applicants for popular majors such as business administration, economics, and Yuanpei College, Shanghai students are also keen on "partial majors", such as psychology, German, archaeology and other majors.

Applied disciplines are generally more 'out-of-the-box' and more 'popular' from a practical point of viewHowever, from the perspective of the country's demand for talents in the future, the development prospects of basic disciplines will be broader. Although mathematics as a basic subject has reached the "popularity" level of applied subjects, the number of applicants for other majors such as physics, chemistry, biology, astronomy, geology, literature, history and philosophy is still relatively small.

Basic Disciplines: Terminology for subject classification.

The basic disciplines are mathematics, logic, astronomy and astrophysics, earth and space science, physics, chemistry, and life sciences.

1. Mathematics

Mathematics is a general means for human beings to strictly describe and deduce the abstract structure and pattern of things, which can be applied to any problem in the real world, and all mathematical objects are artificially defined in nature. In this sense, mathematics belongs to the formal sciences, not the natural sciences.

2. Logic.

Logic is an undergraduate major in ordinary colleges and universities, and it is a major that studies the form of thinking and the laws of thinking. Students in this major mainly learn the basic theories and basic knowledge of logic, mathematics, computer science and philosophy, and receive basic training in axiomatic methods, formal methods and semantic analysis, and have the basic ability of professional research.

3. Astronomy and astrophysics.

Astronomy and astrophysics are astronomical proper nouns, from the Chinese Astronomical Terminology Examination and Approval Committee to approve and release the Chinese translation of astronomical proper nouns, the copyright of the translation of the entry and the Chinese and English interpretation data is owned by the Astronomical Terminology Committee.

4. Earth sciences and space sciences.

The field of earth and space science research extends from the interior of the Earth to interstellar space, including the structure and composition of different levels of matter in this vast region, as well as the movement of matter and various physicochemical processes.

5. Physics.

Physics is the study of the most general laws of motion of matter and the basic structure of matter. As a leading discipline in the natural sciences, physics studies the most basic forms and laws of motion of all matter, from the universe to elementary particles, and thus becomes the research foundation of other natural science disciplines.

6. Chemistry. Chemistry is the basic natural science that studies the composition, structure, properties, transformation and application of matter at the atomic and molecular levels. It originates from life and production practices, and continues to evolve with the progress of human society.

7. Life sciences.

Life science is a basic discipline that explores the laws of life phenomena and life activities. The object of study is the structure, function, occurrence and development of organisms. Its purpose is to elucidate and control the activities of life, to transform nature, and to serve practices such as agriculture, industry, and medicine.

1. Research object.

Basic science is a science that takes natural phenomena and forms of material movement as the research object and explores the laws of development in the natural world. It includes seven basic disciplines: mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, astronomy, earth science, and logic, as well as their sub-disciplines and marginal disciplines.

The main research task of technical science is to understand the world and the laws of change in the material world.

The research object of applied science is closely related to practical activities, and directly reflects the needs of people. Applied science in the narrow sense is based on natural science and technical science, and is a science that is directly applied to the technical and technological properties in material production, and there is no absolute boundary between it and technical science.

2. The characteristics are different.

Basic science: It is the reflection of the most essential law of material motion, and compared with other sciences, abstract is a rigorous theoretical system composed of concepts, theorems, and laws; The relationship with production practice is relatively indirect, and it needs to go through a series of intermediate links before it can be transformed into material productivity. The important role of some achievements is easily overlooked; The research is long-term, arduous and continuous; The results of the study are non-confidential.

Technical science: It has both particularity and concreteness, and it is different from basic science in that it has its specific object, and the problem it studies is not the most general law, but the law of a certain special scope. In addition, for engineering technology, technology and technology have their universality and versatility.

Applied science: Psychology, ecology, aesthetics are clearly embodied. Engineering design procedures, methods for forming labor objects, methods for evaluating process reliability, methods for ensuring optimal production, methods for reducing labor intensity and saving materials, etc., constitute the basic content of applied science in the narrow sense.

The basic discipline is the discipline that learns the cultural foundation, and the applied discipline is the applied discipline, such as:

The basic disciplines of science: mathematics, physics, biology, chemistry and geography.

Applied disciplines of science: electronic engineering, computer science, automation, mechanical engineering.

Basic disciplines of liberal arts: sociology, Chinese, history, philosophy.

Applied disciplines in the liberal arts: Economics and Management, Foreign Languages, Accounting, Marketing, and Journalism.