Shang Ying s change, how do you evaluate his change?

Evaluation of the Shang Martingale Transformation:

Historical role: Economically: It fundamentally established the private ownership of land and brought vitality to the agricultural production of the Qin State.

Politically: to make the functions of the feudal state apparatus more sound, and the construction of the centralized system began from this.

Militarily: The combat effectiveness of the Qin army was greatly improved, and the Qin state seized the initiative in the war of foreign annexation.

In short, the Shang Dynasty reform was the most thorough reform during the Warring States Period. The law was changed to the rich country and strong army of the Qin State and the unification of the Qin State later.

The foundation was laid. It played an important role in the development of the Qin State and even the history of China.

Historical limitations: The Shang Dynasty reform was in a period of historical alternation, and the historical characteristics of the extremely fierce struggle between the old and new forces and the class nature of the reform made the reform inevitably have certain limitations. Changing the law despises education and advocating heavy punishment for minor crimes.

To a certain extent, the reform of the law has aggravated the exploitation and oppression of the broad masses of the people. The reform of the law has not completely separated itself from the culture and customs of the old system.

My personal opinion: The Shang Dynasty reform conformed to the direction of historical development, promoted the development of Qin society, and reflected the requirements of that era. Although the Shang Dynasty reform has limitations, these cannot hide the great progress of its reform.

Its positivity is the mainstream, and its negativity is secondary.

Reform will lead to sacrifice, this is the unchanging law of history! Shang Ying's reform of the law pushed China into a new society, and the concept of the rule of law has influenced thousands of years, and even the current China! In the social environment at that time, the winner was the king, and the loser was the villain, and the change of Shang Yang was the trend of history, the need for the Qin Dynasty to dominate, and laid the foundation for a unified society....Alas, there is too much to say, not to say.

The Shang Dynasty was supported by Qin Xiaogong, and was implemented in 356 BC, and the Shang Dynasty also recognized the private ownership of land, and also allowed land to be bought and sold freely, and to a certain extent, it also promoted the development of society.

When Shang Ying changed the law, he was supported by Qin Xiaogong, and he also recognized this change very much, only in this way can the country be rich and strong, and the people can live and work in peace and contentment.

It was supported by Qin Xiaogong, and Shang Ying's reform was supported by this person in the process of reform, and then this system is also a tragedy of history.

The Shang Dynasty Reform was supported by Qin Xiaogong, who especially admired Shang Marting, and without his support, the Shang Dynasty Reform would not have been able to continue.

Shang Ying's reform was supported by Qin Xiaogong, and the change was also very smooth at that time, and after the change was successful, Shang Ying was executed.

Qin Xiaogong, this change is to make the Qin State more and more powerful, and it has made the greatest progress in the development of the Qin State.

Question 1: How to evaluate the Shang Martingale Reform: What are the reasons for the success of the Shang Martingale Reform.

1) The reform conforms to the historical development trend and conforms to the national conditions of the Qin State, which is the fundamental reason for the success of the reform.

2) The reform was strongly supported by Qin Xiaogong, and the implementation of the reform measures was resolute, which was also an important reason for the success of the reform.

3) Shang Ying, regardless of his personal safety, dared to resolutely fight against the old forces.

Question 2: The reasons for the success of the Shang Martingale reform The reasons for the success of the Shang Martingale reform.

1) The reform conforms to the historical development trend and conforms to the national conditions of the Qin State, which is the fundamental reason for the success of the reform.

2) The reform was strongly supported by Qin Xiaogong, and the implementation of the reform measures was resolute, which was also an important reason for the success of the reform.

3) Shang Ying, regardless of his personal safety, dared to resolutely fight against the old forces.

Question 3: What is the method of evaluating the success or failure of the reform in history The first is to discuss the impact on the social economy at that time, such as the Shang Dynasty reform of the Qin Dynasty, which made the Qin State develop politically and economically, and leapt to one of the great powers, leaving the foundation for the later unification of the Six Kingdoms.

The second is whether the reform is sustained, for example, Wang Anshi's reform in the Song Dynasty, although it has a temporary positive impact on the country, it is very short-lived and can be regarded as a failure.

The third is the impact on the entire history, such as Zhang Juzheng's whip law in the Ming Dynasty, which unified all tax burdens, changed China's 2000-year tax tradition, and had a positive effect on future generations.

The above hope can give you some ideas, but there are many changes in history, some involve the transformation of the whole society including politics, economy, culture, and military, and some are aimed at a certain aspect of reform, and the study of each change can write countless doctorates, and there is no way to judge whether a change is successful or failed.

The best way to do this is to look at the material and form your own opinion.

The Shang Dynasty Reform was a well-known reform initiative in Chinese history, a series of reform measures proposed and implemented by Shang Ying, the governor of Chu during the Warring States period, between 334 BC and 329 BC. The main measures of the Shang Martingale Reform Law are as follows:

1. Land reformShang Ying proposed the reform measure of "public ownership of land", that is, the land was confiscated to the state and then distributed to the peasants according to their labor capacity and production capacity. This reform measure is aimed at resolving disputes over land ownership and promoting the development of agricultural production.

2. Military reform:Shang Ying proposed a "people-oriented" military reform measure, that is, the "reward system" of generals was ended, and promotions were started on the basis of position and contribution. This reform measure is aimed at improving the efficiency of military organization and making the army more professional.

3. Social reformShang Ying proposed the social reform measure of "rule of law", that is, the establishment of a legal system to make the society more rule of law. This reform measure aims to regulate social relations and promote the harmonious development of society.

Characteristics: The core content of the reform is "heavy agriculture" and "rule of law". The Shang Dynasty Reform Law is the most thorough, the most comprehensive, the longest-lasting, and the most far-reaching reform. Judging by the results of the reform, this reform has had its successes and failures.

Summarize the characteristics of the martingale transformation method.

Peculiarity. (1) The core content is to encourage "agricultural warfare" and implement the "legal system".

2) The essence is to abolish the privileges of the slave owners and aristocracy and establish the rule of the new landlord class.

3) It was the most thorough, the most effective blow to the old aristocracy, the most comprehensive and long-lasting reform during the Warring States period.

4) The most far-reaching influence, not only laid the foundation for Qin's unification of the whole country, but also had a significant impact on the development of Chinese history.

Where to go. The Shang Dynasty Reform was a relatively thorough reform movement of feudalism during the Warring States Period, which conformed to the trend of feudal historical development, promoted the transformation of slave society to feudal society, conformed to the interests of the emerging landlord class, and greatly promoted social progress and historical development.

Through reforms, the Qin state abolished the old system and created a new system adapted to social and economic development.

The reforms promoted the social progress of the Qin State and promoted the development of the economy.

At the same time, it has strengthened its national strength and made the country rich and its army strong.

It laid the foundation for the unification of the whole country in the future and played an important role in the development of Chinese history.