The process of aerobic respiration in plant cells, briefly describe the three steps of cellular aero

Three stages of oxygen respirationa, the first stage: in the cytoplasmic matrix, one molecule of glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate, and 4 [h] (activated hydrogen) are removed at the same time; During the breakdown of glucose, a small amount of energy is released, and part of the energy is used to synthesize ATP, producing a small amount of ATP. This stage does not require the involvement of oxygen and is carried out in the cytoplasmic matrix.

Reaction formula: C6H12O6 enzyme 2C3H4O3 (pyruvate) + 4 [H] + a small amount of energy B. The second stage: Pyruvate enters the matrix of mitochondria, and the hydrogen in two molecules of pyruvate and 6 water molecules is all taken off, and a total of 20 [H] are removed, and acetone is oxidized and decomposed into carbon dioxide; A small amount of energy is released in this process, part of which is used to synthesize ATP, producing a small amount of energy.

This stage also does not require the involvement of oxygen and is carried out in the ** stroma. Reaction formula: 2C3H4O3 (pyruvate) + 6H2O enzyme 20[H]+6CO2 + small amount of energy C, the third stage:

**On the inner membrane of the chondria, a total of 24 [H] shedding in the first two stages are combined with 6 O2 produced by absorption from the outside world or chloroplast photosynthesis to form water; In this process, a large amount of energy is released, and part of this energy is used to synthesize ATP, producing a large amount of energy. This phase requires the involvement of oxygen and is carried out on the inner membrane of the first chondrium. Reactive:

24[H]+6O2 enzyme 12H2O+ massive energy [H] is a very simplified representation. This process is actually the conversion of oxidizing coenzymes (NADP+) to reducing coenzymes (NADPH). Aerobic respiration is mainly within the microchondria, while anaerobic respiration is mainly within the cell matrix.

Aerobic respiration requires molecular oxygen to participate, while anaerobic respiration does not require molecular oxygen to participate The decomposition products of aerobic respiration are carbon dioxide and water, and the decomposition products of anaerobic respiration are: alcohol or lactic acid Aerobic respiration releases more energy, and anaerobic respiration releases less energy. Energy changes in the process of aerobic respiration In the process of aerobic respiration, glucose is completely oxidized and decomposed, and 1mol of glucose is completely oxidized After aerobic respiration and decomposition, a total of 2870kJ of energy is released, of which 1161kJ of energy is stored in ATP, and the rest of the energy is lost in the form of heat energy.

Stage 1: Occurs in the stroma of the cytoplasm. C6H12O6———2CH3Cocooh (pyruvate) + 4 [H]+ energy (2ATP) Phase II:

Occurs in ** in the microchondria. 2CH3CocoOH (pyruvate) 6HO—— 6CO2 20[H]+ energy (2ATP) Stage 3: Occurs in ** in the microchondria.

24[H]+6O – 12HO+ energy (34ATP).

The first stage occurs in the cytoplasmic matrix, where one molecule of glucose is broken down into two molecules of acetone, a small amount of reduced hydrogen, and a small amount of ATP; In the second stage, acetone and water are completely decomposed into carbon dioxide and reduced hydrogen, and a small amount of ATP is produced at the same time; The third stage also occurs in the ** granules, where the reduced hydrogen and carbon dioxide produced in the first two stages react to produce water, while producing small amounts.

The aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration processes in plant cells are almost the same as those in animal cells, except that the anaerobic respiration products of plant cells are alcohol and carbon dioxide, aerobic respiration, three processes, one, glycolysis, that is, glucose forms pyruvate and reduced hydrogen under the action of enzymes, and a small amount of energy.

2. Pyruvate reacts with water to form carbon dioxide and reduce hydrogen and a small amount of energy.

3. The hydrogen produced in the first two steps is combined with oxygen to produce water and at the same time releases a large amount of energy without guilt respiration, the first process is the same as aerobic respiration, and the pyruvate of the second process generates alcohol and carbon dioxide and a small amount of energy under the action of enzymes.

The steps of cellular respiration are characterized by the site of occurrence.

Aerobic respiration: In the first stage, 1 molecule of glucose is broken down into 2 molecules of pyruvate, releasing a small amount of energy and producing a small amount of [H].(Oxidized coenzymes are converted into reducing coenzymes) do not require oxygen participation and are carried out in the cytoplasm.

The third stage: The [h] produced by the above two stages combines with oxygen to form water after a series of reactions, and at the same time releases a large amount of energy. This stage requires the participation of oxygen, ** carried out on the three-dimensional intima.

The whole process requires the involvement of enzymes.

Anaerobic respiration: simply breaks down pyruvate into lactic acid, or alcohol and carbon dioxide.

Do you know what the three stages of aerobic respiration are, let's find out.

Anaerobic respiration in plants generally produces alcohol and carbon dioxide, but some higher plants such as potato tubers, sugar beet tubers, and corn germs produce lactic acid. There is also anaerobic respiration, which produces alcohol, which is not exclusive to plants, and some animals will also. For example, when goldfish lack oxygen, they will breathe without oxygen and produce alcohol.

Anaerobic respiration is characterized by the dehydrogenation of the substrate according to the conventional route, which is transmitted through part of the respiratory chain, and finally receives hydrogen by the inorganic or organic matter in the oxidized state, and completes the capacity reaction of oxidative phosphorylation. Anaerobic respiration is less productive than aerobic respiration, but much greater than fermentation alone. The vast majority of microorganisms that undergo anaerobic respiration are bacteria.

Anaerobic respiration can be classified into various types according to the hydrogen (electron) acceptor at the end of the respiratory chain.

Anaerobic respiration is divided into two phases, the first stage takes place in the cytoplasmic matrix, which is exactly the same as aerobic respiration. Unlike aerobic respiration, which is the second stage, the second stage of the anaerobic respiration process is the direct conversion of pyruvate into alcohol and carbon dioxide or into lactic acid, and no energy is produced.

In the case of flooding, higher plants can breathe without oxygen for a short time and produce alcohol.

Higher plants and the human body produce lactic acid when they still cannot meet the need for oxygen during strenuous exercise, and some higher plant organs can also produce lactic acid, such as potato tubers, beet tubers, etc.

The vast majority produce alcohol and carbon dioxide, and a few such as potato tubers, corn embryos, and sugar beet roots are lactic acid as anaerobic respiration products.

Plant respiration refers to the process in which plants oxidize carbohydrates, fats, proteins and other substrates under aerobic conditions to produce ATP, CO2 and water, which is the opposite of photosynthesis.

When the oxygen supply of plant tissues is not disturbed or there is no oxygen, the organic matter in it can be partially decomposed, producing a small amount of CO2 and releasing a small amount of energy. This is fermentation, sometimes referred to as anaerobic respiration. In contrast to this, the breathing when the oxygen ** is sufficient is also called aerobic respiration.

The green part of the three-carbon plant, with glycolic acid, the oxidation product of ribulose diphosphate, as a substrate under light, continues to oxidize to produce CO2, a process called photorespiration.

Yes, for example, the anaerobic respiration product of potato tubers and beet tubers is lactic acid.

The process of anaerobic respiration.

Stage 1: <>

The second stage: the generation of alcohol: for higher plants and yeast and other organisms, anaerobic respiration generally produces alcohol.

Lactic acid production: Lactic acid is generally produced by anaerobic respiration of cells and lactic acid bacteria in certain organs of higher animals and higher plants (potato tubers, beet tubers, corn germs, etc.).

Total Reaction Formula: <>

Yes

Plants can undergo anaerobic respiration, but most of the organic matter cannot be inhaled without oxygen when the oxygen supply is insufficient or anaerobic. Anaerobic respiration produces a small amount of alcohol and carbon dioxide, and a small number of products such as potato tubers, corn embryos, and sugar beet roots are lactic acid. Therefore, when plants undergo anaerobic respiration, it is necessary to pay attention to providing sufficient oxygen.