Why is there dwarfism

Why do some people get dwarfism?

Chondrodystrophy [this paragraph] is chromosomal dominant inheritance, mainly due to the formation of chondrocytes at the epiphysis of the long backbone, which affects the length of the bone, making the bones thicker but not growing, the child's limbs are thick and short, but the trunk is principal, so the length of the upper body is greater than the lower body, the hands are not more than the hip joint, the fingers are thick and short, the fingers are flat, the nose bridge is low, the head circumference is large, the forehead is protruding, the abdomen is protruding, the lumbar lordosis is prominent, the back of the buttocks is prominent, and the intelligence is normal. X-rays of long bones show that the long bones are short, curvature increases, and the ends are enlarged. Congenital stupidity [this paragraph], also known as Down syndrome, is caused by an autosomal abnormality.

Children are often short stature, accompanied by special facial features and mental retardation, with a low nasal bridge, wide distance between the eyes, outward and upward cursions of the eyes, half-open mouth, often protruding tongue outside the mouth, palm lines often through, little finger short and inwardly curved, sometimes accompanied by congenital heart disease, chromosomal analysis can confirm the diagnosis. Mucopolysaccharidosis [this paragraph] is caused by a congenital disorder of mucopolysaccharide metabolism, which causes excess mucopolysaccharides to be stored in the cells of various tissues in the body. Normal at birth.

Symptoms begin to appear from 6 months to 2 years of age, and the child is short in stature, progressively mentally retarded, with thick skin, dry hair, wide eye distance, sunken nose, large tongue, often accompanied by hearing impairment, hepatosplenomegaly, large and square head, and thick and short fingers. X-rays show generalized hyperossification of the bones, enlarged sella sella, premature closure of the cranial sutures, and narrow proximal and distal ribs that resemble streamers. Mucopolysaccharides in the urine of the child are increased.

Renal tubular acidosis [this paragraph] is a congenital or acquired tubular dysfunction that causes growth retardation in children, often accompanied by anorexia, fatigue, weakness, polydipsia, polyuria, and polydipsia. X-ray examination showed osteoporosis and epiphyseal changes in long bones, calcification in the renal area, blood biochemistry showed hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis, low serum potassium, and mostly alkaline or neutral urine. Cretinism [this paragraph] is congenital hypothyroidism or absence, commonly known as cretinism (see Endocrinopathies, Hypothyroidism).

Familial short stature [this paragraph] is related to the physique of the family, although the length is insufficient to a certain extent, the growth rate, bone and tooth development, and sexual maturity are normal, and there is no manifestation of any endocrine dysfunction. The prevention and treatment of dwarfism is mainly based on the primary disease, and the prevention and treatment of cretinism is mainly introduced here. For goiter-endemic areas, iodized salt should be used to reduce the incidence.

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