Ask Liang Qichao for a review of China s Academic History in the Past 300 Years .

D. Question Analysis: This question tests students' ability to reproduce historical facts based on materials. Liang Qichao emphasized that the reason why the scholar occupied an important position in the academic circles of the Qing Dynasty was the method and type of learning, according to which it can be seen that it was Gu Yanwu, who advocated the application of the world and opened a precedent for a generation of simple academic style, so he chose D.

Liang paid special attention to historiography and advocated the establishment of a "new historiography". He believes that "those who narrate the phenomena of human evolution and seek their axioms and precedents" identify historical research as seeking the process of human evolution and development and seeking its axioms and precedents.

Liang Qichao regarded the role and function of historiography as extremely important. Criticized the old historiography and appealed that "if the revolution in the historical world cannot be realized, our country will not be saved. ”

Answer A tests the ability to extract information from the material. The "theory" is actually Liang Qichao's evaluation of Wei Yuan's "Atlas of the Sea Kingdom" "Shiyi's long skills to control the country"; "Atlas of the Sea Kingdom" is a huge work that introduces the historical and geographical situation of Western countries, and "Dr. Zhong Zemin has a little knowledge of the world's stupid geography, which is really from this beginning."

Therefore, at the beginning of the publication of the "Shi Ji Bao" founded by Liang Qichao, Wang Kangnian and others, Yan Fu was full of enthusiasm to praise it. In his letters to Wang Kangnian and Liang Qichao, he wrote affectionately: Sui Qing Jinshi, Zhuo Ru filial piety and honesty are all Jian:

The enlightener, send a letter before, and want to go through the great photo. Yesterday the public observation arrived in Tianjin, Minoru Dabao was popular for a while, and here I saw that the people in China were the same, such as the intention of Huai Zong, the news was very big, not only deafening, but also the ears and eyes of the newcomers.

In 1901 and 1902, Liang Qichao successively published two articles, "Narrative of Chinese History" and "New Historiography", in which he fiercely criticized traditional Chinese historiography. He believes that traditional historiography has nothing to do with the cause of the country and the people, but serves as a "political textbook" for the emperor; Therefore, although ancient Chinese historiography was developed, the people did not learn from it. He called for a "revolution in history" and advocated the establishment of a new historiography and the rewriting of Chinese history.

These two articles by Liang Qichao are called "the manifesto of new historiography", which had a great impact on the historiography reform at that time.

The new historiography is fundamentally different from the traditional historiography in terms of historical concepts, historical purposes, and objects: the new historiography holds the viewpoint of historical evolution, which is different from the retro and cyclical concept of traditional historiography; The new historiography takes the national group as the historical focus, which is different from the traditional historiography that takes the imperial dynasty as the historical center. The new historiography takes the whole people as the reader, which is different from the traditional historiography and provides reference for the emperor and the individual. In short, the purpose of the new historiography is to write history for all the people and to write the history of all the people.