What is a ballastless railway track? The difference between ballastless track and ballasted track

According to the news released by the Chengdu Railway Bureau, China's first ballastless railway track has completed a comprehensive test on the evening of January 10. The test results show that the speed of the EMU reaches 232 kilometers per hour, its stability and comfort reach the excellent level, and all the data of the test are within the safety standards. On the railroad, "ballast" means small pieces of stone.

Conventional railways are built on a small stone base with sleepers or cement rails, but they are not suitable for high-speed trains.

High-speed railway in the low-speed section does not need to use ballastless track, ballastless track in high-speed railway application is a new development of technology, in Japan and Germany is very common in use, the effect is very good, can achieve less maintenance and maintenance-free, the cost of Germany is trying to reduce the cost of ballastless track to the ballasted track times. The life-of-life cost of ballastless tracks is much lower, and the track geometry is well maintained, making it ideal for high-speed railways. France has been using ballasted tracks, and found that the maintenance costs are considerable, and the resources of high-quality ballast are becoming less and less, and the cost is also increasing.

Therefore, there is no problem of failure of ballastless track technology, of course, it has high requirements for the roadbed, if the roadbed can not meet the requirements, the quality of the ballastless track is not good.

What is a Trend Line? What is a Railroad Line?

The so-called trend line is the line of more than two lows in **** and the line of more than two highs in ****, the former is called the upward trend line, and the latter is called the downward trend line. The function of the upward trend line is to show the support level of the stock price rise, once the stock price falls below this line in the process of fluctuation, it means that there may be a reversal, from up to down; The function of the downtrend line is to show the resistance of the stock price to recover during the process, and once the stock price breaks above this line in the midst of fluctuations, it means that the stock price may stop falling**.

A channelline, also known as a channel line or pipeline line, is a method based on trend lines. After the trend line is obtained, the parallel line of the trend line can be made through the first peak and valley, which is called the envelope. The envelope is an extension of the concept of the trend line, when the stock price follows the trend line ** to a certain price, it will encounter resistance, ** to a certain price level and gain support.

When the orbital line is established, it is very easy for the stock price to find the high and low levels, and investors can operate according to this judgment**.

"Ballast" means small pieces of stone.

Needless to say, the meaning of ballastless railway tracks is needless to say.

No small stones were laid under the sleepers.

How well the second floor is spoken, I understand another truth.

Rails – a type of railroad – a type of railroad that is supported by two equally spaced gravel sleepers (now mostly cement sleepers) – along which the train wheels are to travel.

Railway tracks, referred to as rails, rails, tracks, etc., are mainly used on railways and work with switches to allow trains to travel without steering.

A railway track usually consists of two parallel rails, which are fixed to the sleeper and ballast under the sleeper. It is fastened by rail braces, fasteners, rail compressors, plywoods, elastic bars, railway studs and other railway accessories.

Railway rails are made of steel and can bear more weight than other materials. Sleepers, also known as sleepers, gray sleepers, or sleepers, are used to distribute the weight of the rail and the pressure on the rail separately, and to maintain a fixed gauge to maintain the gauge of the rail. The original wooden sleeper was changed to a concrete sleeper.

I-beams and rails.

Train tracks --- rails.

Train wheels and rails.

The function of the rail: to guide the wheels of the rolling stock forward.

The cross-sectional shape of the rail adopts an I-shaped section with the best bending resistance, which is composed of three parts: the rail head, the rail waist and the rail bottom. In order to make the rail better withstand the force from all sides and ensure the necessary strength conditions, the rail should have sufficient height, its head and bottom should have enough area and height, and the waist and bottom should not be too thin.

Rail abrasion mainly refers to the side wear and wave wear of rails on small radius curves. As for vertical wear, it is generally normal and increases with the increase of axle load and total passing weight. Improper setting of the track geometry will increase the vertical wear rate, which is to be prevented and can be solved by adjusting the track geometry.

Ballasted track and ballastless track.

The difference lies in the materials used, the scope of application, and the cost of maintenance. 1.Different materials are used for ballasted and ballastless tracks.

The ballasted track refers to the track with the gravel track bed under it, which is also commonly called the gravel track bed. Ballastless track refers to the use of concrete, asphalt mixture.

and other integral dismantling and foundation to replace the track structure of the track bed. It is the most advanced rail technology in the world today. 2.

Compared with ordinary tracks, ballastless tracks have good integrity, stable lines, and small maintenance workload, but the cost is high and the construction period is long. The ballastless track sleepers themselves are concrete, and the roadbed does not require gravel. Rails and sleepers are laid directly on the concrete pavement and can reach speeds of more than 200 kilometers per hour.

The ordinary ballasted track consists of two parallel rails, which are fixed to sleepers and paved with small gravel underneath. The general speed is only about 100 kilometers per hour. 3.

The economic efficiency of the ballastless track is beneficial to the ballasted track.

This can only be calculated from the increased maintenance costs of the ballasted track. The maintenance of ballasted tracks is largely mechanized and automated, lower than manual operation, and can maintain track geometry for long periods of time. Slag-free rails also need to be maintained, rails.

The amount of grinding is higher than that of ballasted tracks. As the ballasted track is used for longer periods of time, so does the damage.

The biggest difference between the ballastless iron is that the ballastless railway runs smoothly, and the Weishan Wang protects less but the price is hungry and expensive.

Ballasted railways are mainly used for laying existing lines or intercity railways.

Ballastless railways are mainly used in railway speed-up sections, passenger dedicated lines, and passenger stations.

The difference between ballastless track and ballasted track: different materials used, different scope of application, and different maintenance costs.

1. The materials used are different

Ballasted track refers to the track under the silver manuscript of the rail rock with a stony loose grain track bed, which is also commonly called a gravel track bed. Ballastless track refers to the track structure that replaces the loose gravel track bed with an integral foundation such as concrete and asphalt mixture. It is the most advanced rail technology in the world today.

2. The scope of application is different

Compared with ordinary tracks, ballastless tracks have good integrity, stable lines, and small maintenance workload, but the cost is high and the construction period is long. The ballastless track sleeper itself is made of concrete, and the roadbed does not use gravel, and the rails and sleepers are directly laid on the concrete road, and the speed can reach more than 200 kilometers.

The ordinary ballasted track is composed of two parallel steel rails, the steel rails are fixed on the sleepers, and the road is paved with small gravel below, and the general speed is only about 100 kilometers.

3. The maintenance cost is different

The maintenance of ballasted tracks is largely mechanized and automated, which is less expensive than manual work and can maintain the track geometry for a long time. The slag-free track also needs to be repaired, and the rail grinding workload should be increased compared to the ballasted track, and the damage will increase with the increase of the use time of the ballasted track.

Principles of railway track technology

The track is subjected to vertical, transverse and longitudinal static and dynamic loads, which are transmitted from the rail to the roadbed through the sleepers and track beds. Through the theory of mechanics, the stresses and strains generated by each component of the track under various load conditions are analyzed and studied, and their bearing capacity and stability are determined.

Track mechanics analyzes the force and deformation of track structure under the action of rolling stock, as well as the influence of track structure diseases on track damage and train operation, so as to provide a basis for designing track structure and formulating track management standards.

Ballastless track refers to the track structure that replaces the loose gravel track bed with the overall foundation of concrete and asphalt mixture, also known as ballastless track, which is the most advanced track technology in the world today.

The differences between ballastless tracks and ordinary tracks are:

1. The materials used are different: the ballastless track uses mixed concrete and asphalt mixture, and the materials used in the ordinary track are more rich and diverse, such as loose gravel or polymer elastic materials.

2. The scope of application is different: the ballastless track is suitable for stone roadbed or ballastless bridge deck. If the subgrade is paved on the soil subgrade, a compacted asphalt concrete load-bearing layer shall be set up.

3. The characteristics are different: compared with ordinary tracks, ballastless tracks have good integrity, stable lines, and small maintenance workload, but the cost is high and the construction period is long.

There are certain differences between ballasted track and ballastless track in terms of structural form, material and process, economy, safety, etc., which are suitable for different scenarios and needs. The main differences between them are as follows:

1. Structural form.

The ballasted track is to lay the track on the roadbed, and the ballast materials such as gravel and sand are placed under the track; The ballastless track is directly installed on the roadbed, and there is no ballast material under the track.

2. Materials and processes.

When the ballasted track is laid, the ballast material needs to be laid first, and then the rail is laid, which requires a certain reinforcement and compaction process; The ballastless track is directly installed on the roadbed rolling, which does not require reinforcement and compaction process, and generally uses relatively strong steel rails.

3. Economy.

Because ballasted tracks need to be laid with ballast materials, and the reinforcement and compaction process is carried out, the cost of construction and maintenance is high; Ballastless tracks, on the other hand, do not require ballast laying and reinforcement processes, so the cost is lower.

4. Security.

Because the ballasted track is laid with ballast material, it can increase the stability and seismic resistance of the track, so it can improve the safety of the railway to a certain extent; The ballastless track is not reinforced with ballast materials, and the stability and seismic resistance of the Lili track are poor, so it may affect the safety of the railway to a certain extent.