Papermaking airplanes and who are the inventors of the telescope

Chinese. Man. Earthling.

The inventor of papermaking was Cai Lun.

Cai Lun summed up the papermaking experience of people in the past, innovated the papermaking process, improved the papermaking technology, and finally made "Caihou paper". In the first year of Yuanxing (105 AD), the imperial court was reported, and Emperor He of Han ordered the promotion of his paper-making method. In the first year of Jianguang (121 AD), he committed suicide due to a power struggle.

Cai Lun's improved papermaking technique is listed as one of the "Four Great Inventions" in ancient China, and has made outstanding contributions to the spread of human culture and the progress of world civilization, and has been highly respected by people for thousands of years. It is regarded as the originator of papermaking and the "paper god" by paper workers.

Eastern Han Dynastyof Cai Lun. The invention period was in the Han Dynasty and the Western Han Dynasty, and the improvement period was in the Han Dynasty and the Eastern Han Dynasty. China is the first country in the world to raise silkworms and weave silk.

Ancient Chinese working people above the cocoon of silkworms.

Silk is drawn and woven into silk, and the remaining cocoons and disease cocoons are made of silk cotton by bleaching method.

After the bleaching is completed, there will be some remnants left on the judgment bench. When the number of bleaching is too much, the residue on the mat will accumulate into a layer of fiber flakes, which can be peeled off after drying, and can be used for writing. The number of by-products of this drifting is not large, and it is called Helang or Fang Fu in ancient books.

Development & History.

During the Western Han Dynasty (206 BC), there was already papermaking in China.

In the first year of Yuanxing of the Eastern Han Dynasty (105), Cai Lun improved papermaking. [1] The paper he made from bark, hemp and cloth digging rocks, fish nets and other raw materials, through frustration, pounding, frying, drying and other processes, is the origin of modern paper. This kind of paper, which is easy to find raw materials, is very cheap, and the quality has also improved, and it is gradually becoming more popular.

In order to commemorate Cai Lun's exploits, the descendants of Zao Juan called this kind of paper "Cai Hou paper".

Paper is the crystallization of the long-term experience and wisdom of Chinese working people, paper is a sheet fiber product used for writing, printing, painting or packaging.

It is generally made of plant fibers that have been pulped.

The water suspension is made by staggered combination on the net, preliminary dehydration, and then compression and drying. China was the first country in the world to invent paper. According to archaeological findings, during the Western Han Dynasty (206 BC to 8 BC), hemp fiber paper was already available in China.

The texture is coarse, and the quantity is small, the cost is high, and it is not popular.

There is no reliable information at present, Cai Lun is an improved papermaking technique, which is said to have been invented by people in the Western Han Dynasty.

Papermaking was not invented by Cai Lun. Cai Lun improved papermaking.

Papermaking was invented by Cai Lun in the Eastern Han Dynasty, but there is archaeological evidence that papermaking has existed for a long time, and Cai Lun was only an important developer of improving papermaking. Legend has it that the original paper was made of hemp fibers or hemp fabrics, and due to the simple workmanship, the paper produced was rough in texture and uneven in surface, and was generally only used for packaging. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, after Cai Lun's transformation, a complete set of papermaking system was formed.

The first raw material is separated, and the raw material is degummed in the lye by soaking or cooking, and dispersed into a fibrous form. In the second beating, the fibers are cut off by cutting and pounding, and the fibers are broomized to become pulp. The third copying is to make the pulp into a slurry by seeping water, and then use a paper scraper to scoop the pulp, so that the pulp is interwoven into a thin sheet of wet paper on the paper scraper.

Fourth, dry or dry the wet paper, and remove the paper. <>

Archaeological finds in papermaking:

Judging from the archaeological discoveries so far, the invention of papermaking was no later than the early years of the Western Han Dynasty. The earliest unearthed ancient paper of the Western Han Dynasty was found in 1933 in the ancient Fengsui Pavilion of Luobu Naoer, Xinjiang, and the age was no later than 49 BC.

In May 1957, the ancient paper unearthed in Baqiao, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province was scientifically analyzed and identified as Western Han hemp paper, and the age was no later than 118 BC. In 1973, two pieces of hemp paper dated no later than 52 BC were found in Jinguan, Juyanshoushui, Gansu Province, which were dark yellow and coarse.

In 1978, three pieces of hemp paper from the period of Emperor Xuan of the Western Han Dynasty (73 49 BC) were unearthed in Zhongyan Village, Fufeng, Shaanxi; In 1979, five pieces of eight pieces of Western Han hemp paper were unearthed at the Fengsui site of the Western Han Dynasty in Maquanwan, Dunhuang County, Gansu Province.

In 1986, a paper map fragment from the period of Emperor Wen of the Western Han Dynasty (179-141 BC) was unearthed in Fangmatan, Tianshui, Gansu Province, indicating that the paper was used for writing and drawing. Judging from the quality of the paper unearthed in the Western Han Dynasty mentioned above, the papermaking technology in the early years of the Western Han Dynasty has basically matured.

The inventor of papermaking was Cai Lun.

Cai Lun, whose name is Jingzhong, was a native of Guiyang County in the Eastern Han Dynasty and a native of the Eastern Han Dynasty. In 88 AD, Cai Lun was promoted to the rank of middle attendant because of his contribution to the Queen Mother. Cai Lun summed up the previous people's papermaking experience to reform the papermaking process, improve the papermaking technology, and finally made Caihou paper.

In 105 A.D., the imperial court reported on the papermaking technology, and the Han He Emperor ordered the promotion of his papermaking method.

Cai Lun's improved papermaking technology, compass, gunpowder, and printing technology are collectively known as the four great inventions of ancient China, and Cai Lun's papermaking technology has made great contributions to the spread of human culture and the progress of world civilization. It is regarded as the originator of papermaking by papermakers.

Cai Lun. Papermaking is one of the four great inventions of Chinese potatoes. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cai Lun served as Shang Fangling in Luoyang, Beijing.

Eggplant often went to the suburbs of Luoyang (near the town of Yanshi in present-day Luoyang Yanshi District) to collect materials for making trembling buckets, and created a papermaking technique made from tree bark, hemp, rags, and old fishing nets. After papermaking, it spread from the capital city of Luoyang to other areas.

In the first year of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cai Lun improved papermaking. He used bark, hemp and cloth, fishing nets and other raw materials, through frustration, pounding, frying, drying and other processes to make paper, is the origin of modern paper. This kind of paper, the raw materials are easy to find, the base is very cheap, the quality and rent have also increased, and it is gradually widely used.

In order to commemorate Cai Lun's exploits, later generations called this kind of paper Cai Hou paper.

The basis for Cai Lun's invention of papermaking

The basis for Cai Lun's invention of papermaking is based on the important Chinese historical book "Book of the Later Han". Because the author of the Book of the Later Han Dynasty recorded this event very clearly, and the Book of the Later Han Dynasty was of great significance and status at that time and in history, in the absence of other historical documents as evidence, later generations believed that it was Cai Lun of the Eastern Han Dynasty who invented papermaking.

There is no specific record of the inventor of papermaking in history. Papermaking is one of the four great inventions in China, invented in the Western Han Dynasty, and Cai Lun improved papermaking in the first year of Yuanxing in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Cai Lun uses raw materials such as bark, hemp, cloth, and fish nets to make paper through processes such as frustration, pounding, frying, and baking.

The raw materials of this paper are easy to find and low-cost, and it is gradually widely used, and later generations call it "Caihou paper".

China is the first country in the world to raise silkworms and weave silk, the ancient working people above the cocoons of silkworms to draw silk and weave silk, the remaining cocoons, disease cocoons and so on with the bleaching method to make silk cotton. After the bleaching is completed, there are remnants of the mat.

The number of bleaching is too much, and the residue on the mat accumulates into a thin layer of fiber, which is stripped off after drying and can be used for writing. The number of by-products of this kind of drifting is not much, and it is called Heyi or square flocculent in ancient books, that is, small silk silk.