-
Anonymous users2024-02-07Important neurotransmitters and modulators are: Acetylcholine. The transmitter that was first identified. Vertebrate bones.
The iliac muscle neuromuscular junction and the motor muscle junction of some lower animals such as molluscs, links and flattened animals are all excitatory transmitters with acetylcholine. The transmitter between the vertebrate parasympathetic nerve and the effector is also acetylcholeliform.
bases, but some are excitatory (eg, in the digestive tract) and some are inhibitory (eg, in the myocardium). Chinese physiologists Zhang Xijun and Gardem (1932) developed the quantitative determination of acetyl in frog rectus abdominis specimens.
The choline method has played an important role in the study of acetylcholine, and it is still applicable today. Catecholamines. These include norepinephrine (NAD), epinephrine (AD), and dopamine (DA). Sympathetic ganglia.
The interface between the cell and the effector is with norepinephrine as the transmitter. Serotonin (5-HT). Serotonin neurons are mainly concentrated in the middle suture nucleus group of the pons and are generally inhibitory, but also excitatory.
Target. Studies by some Chinese scholars have shown that serotonin plays an important role in acupuncture analgesia. Amino acid transmitters. Glutamic acid (GLU), aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glycine (GLY) have been identified as transmitters.
Glutamate is a transmitter of the crustacean neuromuscular junction. GABA is first found as a transmitter at the junction formed between the open muscle of the crayfish chelicera and inhibitory nerve fibers. Later, it turned out that aminobutyric acid is also a central inhibitory transmitter.
Quality. Synapses with glycine as a transmitter are mainly distributed in the spinal cord and are also inhibitory transmitters. Peptide neuroactives. In recent years, it has been discovered that a variety of smaller peptides have neurological activity, and neurons contain some small peptides, though.
However, it is not certain that they are transmitters. For example, insulin, glucagon, and cholecystokininin, which are present in the digestive tract, have also been shown to be present in central neurons.
-
Anonymous users2024-02-06Exocytosis is to rely on the fluidity of the cell membrane to release a hole to flow out.
-
Anonymous users2024-02-05The neurotransmitter contained in the presynaptic membrane of the neuromuscular junction is ()aEpinephrine.
b.Acetylcholine.
c.Go for the front of the metathyrhoephrine.
d.Dopamine.
Positive base solution is the answer: acetylcholine.
-
Anonymous users2024-02-04a. Neurotransmitters are synthesized from presynaptic neurons, a correct;
b. After the neurotransmitter is synthesized, it is temporarily stored in the synaptic vesicles, B is correct;
c. When excitation is transmitted to synaptosomes, synaptic vesicles fuse with the presynaptic membrane to release neurotransmitters in exocytosis, c. Correct;
d. Neurotransmitters include excitatory transmitters and inhibitory transmitters, and the binding of transmitters to receptors on the postsynaptic membrane can cause excitation or inhibition of the latter neuron
-
Anonymous users2024-02-03a. Neurotransmitters are synthesized from presynaptic neurons, a correct;
b. After the neurotransmitter is synthesized, it is temporarily stored in the synaptic vesicles, B is correct;
c. When excitation is transmitted to synaptosomes, synaptic vesicles fuse with the presynaptic membrane to release neurotransmitters in exocytosis, c. Correct;
d. Neurotransmitters include excitatory transmitters and inhibitory transmitters, and the binding of transmitters to receptors on the postsynaptic membrane can cause excitation or inhibition of the latter neuron
Therefore, d
-
Anonymous users2024-02-02The most important mode of synaptic transmission is neurochemical transmission. Neurotransmitters are released by the presynaptic membrane immediately after release.
Binds to the corresponding postsynaptic membrane receptor to generate synaptic depolarization potentials or hyperpolarization potentials, resulting in increased or decreased postsynaptic nerve excitability.
For a chemical to be identified as a neurotransmitter, the following conditions should be met:
Presynaptic neurons have precursor substances and synthase systems that are full of transmitters, and can synthesize this transmitter;
Transmitters are stored in synaptic vesicles to prevent destruction by other enzymes in the cytoplasm, and when excitatory impulses reach nerve endings, transmitters in vesicles can be released into the synaptic cleft.
Transmitters act on special receptors in the postsynaptic membrane through the synaptic cleft to exert their physiological effects, and electrophysiological microelectrophoresis methods apply transmitter ions to neurons or effector cells to simulate the transmitter release process to induce the same physiological effects.
the presence of enzymes or other links that inactivate this transmitter (ingestion**);
The synaptic transmission of this transmitter can be enhanced or blocked by transmitter mimicry or receptor blockers. There are many chemicals present in the nervous system, but not necessarily all of them are neurotransmitters, and only chemicals that meet or substantially meet the above conditions can be considered neurotransmitters. As for neurotransmitters, they were first discovered in the link of the peripheral vagus nerve on the inhibitory effect of the heart.
Muscles and glands are also postsynaptic membranes.
-
Anonymous users2024-02-01Yes. Only the postsynaptic membrane has receptors for neurotransmitters.
-
Anonymous users2024-01-31Neurotransmitters belong to small molecule substances, when the excitation is transmitted to the gap, only a large amount of neurotransmitters are released into the synaptic cleft, and the neurotransmitter binds to the receptors on the postsynaptic membrane, resulting in the opening of a large number of ion channels, which can cause the depolarization of the postsynaptic membrane potential
Therefore, d
-
Anonymous users2024-01-30a.The synaptic vesicles of pure reputability in the presynaptic component.
b.Postsynaptic components.
c.Mitochondria.
d.Microtubule mountain pants hidden.
The correct answer is: a
-
Anonymous users2024-01-29Answer]: The main point of this question is the classical synaptic transmission process. When the excitation (action potential) of a presynaptic neuron is transmitted to the nerve endings, the presynaptic membrane is depolarized; When a certain level of depolarization is reached, the catan-gated Ca2+ channel opens up on the anterior membrane and extracellular Ca2+ enters the presynaptic terminal.
Ca2+ at the end of the anterior paulownia promotes the fusion and cleavage of synaptic vesicles with the anterior membrane, causing the quantum-like release of transmitters in synaptic vesicles.
-
Anonymous users2024-01-28The synapse is a special structure between nerve attack and supplication, which is composed of the following parts:
a.Presynaptic membrane.
b.Postsynaptic membrane tease.
c.The protrusion calls for vesicles.
d.Transmitters. e.Synaptic cleft.
Correct answer: ABE
Because the technical styles of the two are different, one is the inside line relies on pure height, and the basic technique, and the other is the outside line pure technique, and the basic height. >>>More
The systematic scientific study of the question of the origin and evolution of the earth began in the middle of the eighteenth century, and several theories have been put forward to this day. The Earth, as a planet, is thought to have originated from the primordial solar nebula 4.6 billion years ago. Earth, like other planets, has undergone a number of common physical evolutionary processes, such as accretion and collision. >>>More
On the field court, it is common to see some people who are obsessed with playing the board and shooting, and rarely have direct shots. Especially some of the court masters who have a flowing floor, they raise their hands to shoot on the board, and the shooting rate is also quite high. Almost every field court sees a few people playing like this, and in the professional arena, it is rare to see professional basketball players playing the board and shooting, and most of their shots are hollow balls. >>>More
1. All scientists become famous, often because of relatively large breakthroughs and achievements, this kind of scientific breakthrough is very difficult, and some scientists may not be able to achieve it in a lifetime. So, it's not that these scientists don't have much success after becoming famous, but that they haven't been able to make a bigger breakthrough than this one. >>>More
Personally, I think that a woman who can make a man miss is actually more of a deep impression in his heart, she is not necessarily the gentleest, nor necessarily the most lively, but she must be the best one for him.