How different are the dialects within Chinese Chinese?

The difference is too big, take Guangdong Province as an example, Guangdong has three major ethnic groups, correspondingly three major dialects: the Cantonese people speak the Cantonese dialect (vernacular), the Hakka people speak the Hakka dialect, and the Chaoshan people speak the Chaoshan dialect (belonging to the Hokkien language family). The three major dialects are not in the same tone at all, if you are not used to hearing them, any one of the people of the folk system cannot understand the dialects of the other two folk lines at all, and if you do not understand Mandarin, you cannot communicate in language at all, and can only express them through writing.

It's not a big difference, it's a problem that you don't understand at all. Take Guangxi as an example, Guilin and Liuzhou, although there are also differences, such as Liuzhou dialect is slightly harder, Guilin dialect is slightly softer, Quanzhou, Guanyang and other counties still have Hunan dialect, Gongcheng, Pingle, Fuchuan, Lipu with a little Cantonese flavor, Zhongshan, Babu, Mengshan simply many people speak Guiliu dialect and vernacular, but no matter what, everyone can use Guiliu dialect to communicate. However, Guilin and Liuzhou are only part of Guangxi, for example, when you arrive in Wuzhou, you can't understand the vernacular, and it is said that Wuzhou is one of the birthplaces of the vernacular, and the pronunciation is more standard than Guangzhou, and the vernacular of Yulin is also okay, but whether it is Wuzhou or Yulin, there are still some counties and districts that speak local dialects, which are very different from the vernacular.

The difference is too great due to geographical isolation. Jianghuai official dialect and southwest official dialect are ancient Chinese, which is the Chinese language of the Ming Dynasty; Jiangxi dialect and Hakka dialect are Middle Chinese, Song dialect; Cantonese is a mixture of Qin-Chinese and Tang-Song languages, which was finalized in the late Southern Song Dynasty. Hokkien belongs to Qin Chinese, and Chaoshan belongs to Jin; Mandarin is modern Chinese with a Tungusic accent. Even within the Gan dialect, there are great differences in various places, which may be due to the influence of Central Plains immigrants from different regional dynasties.

Jiangsu, Suxi in the south is often a pure Wu language area, and Nantong and Taizhou in the north of the Yangtze River also have some Wu language spoken, and part of the Jianghuai official language area. The northernmost part of Xuzhou, and part of Lianyungang in Suqian are the official dialect area of the Central Plains. The rest of the rest is the Jianghuai Mandarin area, but there are also great differences within the Huai language area, which is roughly divided into "Jianghuai Mandarin Tairu Piece", that is, parts of Nantong, Taizhou and Yancheng, and Jianghuai Mandarin Hongze Piece (including Huai'an, Suqian part of the area) Jianghuai Mandarin Southwest Jiangsu Piece (that is, Nanjing, Yangzhou, Zhenjiang).

The dialects of Nanjing and Yangzhou are very similar to the dialects of central and eastern Anhui, but they are very different from other places such as Huai'an, Suqian, Taizhou, Yancheng and other places that also belong to the Jianghuai dialect area, so Nanjing is known as "Huijing".

This is not very obvious in the north, although there are local languages in various places, but most of them can still be understood, but in the south the difference is big, the dialect of each township and town is a big difference, if it is a place above the county level, basically it is not easy to understand, and when it comes to the city level, it is confused, just like listening to foreign languages, even more difficult to understand than foreign languages!

In my opinion, the difference in dialects between different cities in the same province is not big, it may be that the tone and intonation of the speech are different, but the dialects spoken are almost the same, and they can basically be understood. It's like my hometown is in Ulanqab City, so the dialect spoken in my hometown is similar to the dialect in other cities in Ulanqab City, and they are all the same language, and they can all be understood. Personally, I don't reject the dialect of my hometown, and I think it's very interesting, because I grew up in my hometown, so I'm very familiar with the dialect of my hometown, whenever I hear someone in other cities say my hometown, I can judge that he may be my hometown, even if it's not in the same city, it's not far away, there is a feeling of seeing a fellow countryman, with tears in his eyes.

One of my roommates is from Jining, and her city is very close to my hometown, and they all belong to Ulanqab City, so our dialects are the same, and sometimes we will talk in dialects, which feels very cordial and familiar. This is the most subtle emotion of dialect, so I like my dialect very much and don't find it difficult to speak.

The Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is a 1,700-kilometer distance from east to west and borders eight provinces and regions, which creates the soil for various dialects in the Inner Mongolia region. Let's start with the east, Hulunbuir City, Xing'an League, Tongliao, and Chifeng originally belonged to the three eastern provinces, and the local Han population basically migrated from the northeast, so the dialect of the four cities in eastern Inner Mongolia is the taste of the northeast. Of course, there is still a difference with pure Northeast dialect, and they have also evolved their own unique accents on their own.

When outsiders hear it, they will think that they are from the Northeast, but when they hear it, they can still hear the difference.

Here in our rural Guangxi, there are dozens of villages in one township, and everyone speaks the local dialect, but there is a slight difference between what is spoken in the eastern village and what is spoken in the western village. For example, eating, sleeping, drinking, etc., these commonly used words, the words spoken in the distant villages are a little different, but when they meet, they can be understood when they say it, and everyone is not surprised, after all, people have their own names, as long as they follow the customs.

The central Xilin Gol League is close to several banner counties in the south, such as Baochang and other places, because of the border with Hebei, there are many Hebei people who have migrated past, so the accent is very strange, Hebei's dialects are notoriously complex and diverse, here, these dialects come to a hodgepodge, in short, although I personally sound understandable, but the accent feels more difficult and ugly. There was once a college classmate who was from Baochang, he usually didn't speak his hometown, saying that his own was too ugly, I still didn't believe it, I knew that I once listened to him after drinking, and I felt that it was really so! Mandarin in other parts of the Ximeng is still relatively standard.

Ulanqab City, Hohhot City, Baotou City, Bayannur City, this part of the area borders Shanxi, is the main distribution area of the Mengjin dialect, the population here is almost all the descendants of the West Exit in the past, almost everyone has their own Shanxi hometown in the three generations, and the accent of some villages is almost exactly the same as that of a place in Shanxi, it is because this village was a village that came from the West Exit, and it also preserved its own dialect. Baotou is an important town in the west exit, and the accent and call the city are still a little nuanced.

The main reason is that the difference between the north and the south is too large, and the official dialect areas in the north are basically different in tone.

In my hometown, there are often two villages separated by a path, and there is a slight difference in the language between the two villages. In our county, there is not even a dividing line between the east of the county and the west of the county, but the west of the county and the east of the county speak completely differently. The southernmost part of our hometown is the Yellow River, and across the Yellow River, you can hear another dialect.

Chinese is the language spoken by the Han people, including ancient Chinese and modern Chinese. Modern Chinese in the narrow sense refers to the common language of the modern Han nation, that is, Mandarin; Modern Chinese in a broad sense refers to the Mandarin and dialects spoken by the modern Han people. Mandarin is the common language of all members of the Han nation, and dialects are the regional branches of Chinese and the languages used by people in local areas.

Dialects can be the basis for the formation of Mandarin before the formation of Mandarin; After the formation of Mandarin, there is a branch or variant of Mandarin. Mandarin was formed on the basis of northern dialects.

Min is spoken in Fujian, Taiwan, Hainan, eastern Guangdong, the Philippines, and some countries in Southeast Asia. Due to the large internal differences between Min languages, they are usually divided into northern Fujian dialects, Eastern Fujian dialects (represented by Fuzhou dialect), Puxian dialects, central Fujian dialects, and southern Fujian dialects (represented by Xiamen dialects or Taiwanese dialects). Min is the only dialect of all dialects that does not completely correspond directly to the existence of Middle Chinese rhymes.

The most influential language in the Min language family is Hokkien, which has a total of "-p, -t, -k,-?n, -m, -ng" seven consonant endings. The Hokkien language is spoken by approximately the total number of people.

The Min dialect and the Cantonese dialect have the largest gap with Mandarin, followed by the Wu dialect and the smallest in Hunan and Jiangxi Hakka.

Chinese Textbook

First, the nature is different.

1. Putonghua: Putonghua is a modern standard Chinese with Beijing pronunciation as the standard sound, northern dialect (Mandarin) as the basic dialect, and exemplary modern vernacular writings as the grammatical norms.

2. Dialect: The so-called "dialect" in the mouth of Chinese is a political concept, which is actually "local language", also known as "vernacular", which refers to the language of a certain region that is different from the standard language, and this name does not consider the kinship between languages.

Second, the characteristics are different.

1. Mandarin.

1) It has legal status, and the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Common Language stipulates that Mandarin is spoken as the national language.

2) Integration; Such as the integration of dialect words.

3) Inheritance; Putonghua is a cultural heritage that has inherited the common language of Chinese ethnic groups in the past dynasties.

4) It is universal; It is the voice used by people of different nationalities and regions to communicate and communicate.

2. Dialects. (1) regional; It is the lingua franca of the local people in a certain area.

2) regionally distinctive; The pronunciation of dialects has regional characteristics, such as Jiangsu and Zhejiang dialects n-l are not distinguished, and they are all pronounced l ]; Shanxi dialect is flat and warped, and the front and back nasal parts are all pronounced back nasal.

3) It follows the pronunciation characteristics of ancient Chinese; Such as the phonetic character, the m of Cantonese Cantonese].

4) have exclusivity; People in different dialect areas may not understand or misunderstand in oral communication.

Third, the grammar is different.

1. Mandarin: In Mandarin, when a verb is followed by a double object, the object of the person is in front and the object of the object is in the back.

2. Dialect: When the verb expresses the meaning of "giving", the word order of the double object is opposite to that of Mandarin.

1. The Chinese official dialects are relatively consistent with each other, and they can be talked to theoretically, and the difference is not very big. Chinese is equivalent to a language family in terms of linguistic classification, just like the Germanic, Roman, and Slavic language families. Traditionally, Chinese can be divided into seven dialects, namely Mandarin, Wu, Min, Cantonese, Hakka, Gan, and Xiang;

2. The differences between these "dialects" sometimes go beyond the differences between certain European languages. According to Western standards, if you can't talk to each other, you should be regarded as different languages, so foreign countries believe that Chinese is a group of interrelated relatives composed of a group, and the above major dialects are regarded as independent languages or even language branches. Among them, Mandarin and Wu also rank first and tenth respectively among the world's top 100 languages.

They all have their own languages within the ISO system**. However, in China, it is generally believed that Chinese is a single language equivalent to the status of a language family, and each branch is a dialect of Chinese.

As the saying goes, ten miles of different winds, a hundred miles of different customs. Different places have different customs and have different dialects. This is a normal thing, and we are used to it.

However, the dialects of different places are difficult for outsiders to understand, and it will be difficult to translate them in Mandarin. ......Specifically, translating dialects in Mandarin will encounter three situations: unable to find a direct corresponding word, unable to translate with simple words, and only meaning that cannot be conveyed when translating.

1. When translating dialects in Mandarin, you will encounter the situation that you cannot find the corresponding words.

When we translate dialects in Mandarin, the ideal state is to directly find a corresponding word to translate, which is the easiest way to find a difference. ......However, when we translate dialects, we often find that we cannot find words that can accurately correspond to them, so we can only find words with similar meanings to replace them, which may lead to inaccurate translations or misunderstandings.

2. Sometimes, simple words in Mandarin cannot translate dialects, and complex explanations can only be made.

The ideal state of translation is to be one-to-one, clear, concise and clear. ......However, when we translate dialects in Mandarin, we sometimes encounter situations where we cannot do a concise translation. ......Specifically, when we translate dialects in Mandarin, we will not be able to find concise and clear words to translate, so we can only use a complex paragraph to explain the meaning of the dialect.

3. Some dialects are really inexplicable in Mandarin, and they can only be understood but not spoken.

Different dialects vary from region to region, and there are a variety of complications when using Mandarin translation. ......For some dialect words, there will be situations where it is impossible to translate in Mandarin, or even very difficult to explain. At this point, we can only understand the dialect word in terms of what we can understand but not what we can say.

This situation has become a very interesting phenomenon when we translate dialects in Mandarin.

When it comes to the country with the most dialects in the world, many Chinese people will think that it is our country, because there are many provinces in our country, and there is a big difference between the north and the south, for example, northerners cannot understand the southern dialect at all. In fact, there are many countries in the world that have many dialects.

The first country, China.

First of all, it should be clear that dialects refer to different accents of the same language, such as Cantonese and Hokkien, which are also Chinese languages, belong to dialects, and like the pronunciation of ethnic minority compatriots, such as Tibetan, Uyghur, and Mongolian languages, this is a completely different language and does not belong to dialects. However, Mandarin with an accent spoken by people in these places is a dialect. To what extent are there many dialects in China, just in Fujian Province, Fuzhou dialect, Putian dialect, Hokkien dialect, Hakka dialect, Jian'ou dialect of northern Fujian, the above languages cannot communicate normally.

In addition, the difference in the intonation of the voice within a certain dialect is also very large, and the accents of the towns and villages separated by more than ten miles will also be different.

The second, India.

The linguistic composition of India is very complex, and strictly speaking, many of their languages are different language families and do not belong to dialects. The Indian languages span the Indo-European language family (North Central India), the Dravidian language family (South India), and the Sino-Tibetan language family (Northeast China). Like many related languages in the Indic branch, it is really difficult to draw conclusions without studying them.

However, it should be noted that the development of the Hindi languages is tangled, and the vocabulary and grammar are more cross-referenced, and there are many similarities in feeling; The natives' ability to master the language is beyond imagination, for example, native Punjabi speakers can master Indi-Urdu very early, or immerse themselves in this mixed linguistic environment, and their feelings are not very good as a reference for classification.

In general, there are more Indian languages.