The reason why the ancient country name Jin was changed to Qing .

Why did Huang Taiji change the name of the country to Jin to Qing? What does Qing mean? Scholars and Qing historians have been arguing about this.

Huang Taiji himself did not explain, and the Qing Dynasty's "Records of Emperor Taizong" and "Manchu Old Files" did not explain, so later generations could only interpret according to their own understanding, so there was a story. Nurhachi said that he fled and rode a big green horse at that time, he ran very fast, and the horse was tired to death, Nurhachi was very affectionate to the horse, and said to the horse, Daqing, Daqing, you are tired to death for me, in the future I will win the world, my country name is called Daqing, "Qing" and "Qing" are homonyms, this is a legend. In addition to this story, there are at least five interpretations.

First, some people explain from the perspective of phonology that Qing and Jin are similar in Manchu, so Qing is used.

Second, some people explain from history, saying that none of the so many dynasties in China used Qing, and they were afraid of repeating, so they used Qing.

Third, some people explain from the five elements of yin and yang, the Ming Dynasty of the Ming Dynasty, the left side is a day character, the day is fire, and the left side of the Qing is three points of water, water overcomes fire, so the Qing wants to extinguish the Ming, and he uses the Qing.

Fourth, some people explain from the shaman culture that Qing is green, and the "green" without three points of water and the "green" with three points of water are the same sound, and the blue sky is through the sky, auspicious.

Fifth, some people explain it from the national aspect. said that he originally used Houjin, and he wanted to enter the Central Plains, and as soon as the Central Plains proposed this "gold", he remembered the Southern Song Dynasty. As soon as Jin Ren was mentioned, Yue Fei was remembered. Huang Taiji marched into the Central Plains to reduce resistance, so he did not use the word "gold" and used the word Qing instead.

These five explanations are the opinions of the benevolent and the wise, and no one can convince anyone.

The original era name of Huang Taiji was called Tiancong, which was changed to Chongde. At this time, the name of the Ming Dynasty was called Chongzhen, all with Chongzhen, the left side of Chongzhen's Zhen character is the department, the right side of a Zhen, the show is God, and the left side of the word God is the department, so Emperor Chongzhen is a heavy heaven and a heavy god. Huang Taiji was changed to Chongde, and the left side of the German character is Zwilling people, which is a heavy person.

The right side of Chongzhen's Zhen is Zhen, and the Zhen used for divination is also associated with God, and the German word of Chongde, the right side is the straight heart, which says that the heart should be straight and the heart should be right. Huang Taiji changed Tiancong to Chongde, and what he admired was personnel and civil. Huang Taiji changed the name of the country to Jin to Qing and changed the name of the year to Tiancong to Chongde, which shows that Huang Taiji has the courage and courage of a politician, and also has the reform and reform of reformers, which is an epoch-making historical event of the Qing Dynasty.

Before you enter the customs, let Huang Taiji change it, right? I think an important reason for his name change was that it was not only the Jurchen that ruled Houjin at that time. In order to reflect the characteristics of the new era, Huang Taiji changed Jin to Qing.

This interpretation is in the official history, according to the doctrine of the five elements of mutual restraint, the Ming is fire, the name of the country is changed to Qing, the attribute of water, and the water is used instead of fire, and the Manchu Qing can reasonably replace the Ming. On the other hand, there are also considerations to avoid Jin's national name causing disgust among the Han people, and it is necessary to win over some Han people to clear the world.

<> "The Later Jin Dynasty (1616-1636) was a regime established by the Jurchens in northeastern China during the late Ming Dynasty. After 20 years of two khans, it stood side by side with the Ming Dynasty, Mongolia and Korea, and was the predecessor of the Qing Dynasty.

In 1636, Huang Taiji changed the name of the country to the Qing Dynasty, and there are several sayings:

1. According to the Five Elements of Mutual Restraint, the Ming Dynasty belonged to fire, and the later metal gold, the fire overcame gold, and the later gold would be suppressed by the Ming Dynasty; After changing to the Qing Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty belonged to water, and water overcame fire, which could suppress the Ming Dynasty and then replace the Ming Dynasty to unify the Central Plains.

2. Legend has it that when Huang Taiji was chased and killed by the Ming army, he escaped the pursuit on a big green horse, and when he got out of the danger of Zhisuisen, the horse was tired to death. Huang Taiji swore that if he won the world, he would set the name of the country as Daqing, and later felt that it was not good, so he changed it to Daqing.

3. During the Song Dynasty and the Jin Dynasty, the Central Plains Dynasty was also oppressed by the Jin Dynasty, and there was the shame of Jingkang, and the Central Plains people would be very resistant to the Jin Dynasty, and if they wanted to enter the Central Plains more smoothly, they had to remove the influence of the Jin Dynasty and change the new country name.

In which year did Houjin change its country name to "Daqing"?

Correct answer: 1636

Later Jin (1616-1636) was the predecessor of the Qing Dynasty, the predecessor of the Qing Dynasty.

In 1636 A.D. (the ninth year of Chongzhen of the Ming Dynasty, the first year of Yuqing in the Qing Dynasty), Huang Taiji called the emperor in the Chongzheng Hall of Shengjing, changed the name of the country to "Daqing", and changed the Yuan Chongde. Since then, the Daikin has been discontinued.

In 1636 AD, Huang Taiji got the jade seal of the country, this jade seal was brought to the Mongolian steppe by Emperor Yuan Shun when the Yuan Dynasty fell, and then was inadvertently obtained by a shepherd, and dedicated it to Lin Dan Khan, after the death of Lin Dan Khan, his widow dedicated this jade seal to Huang Taiji, and got the Huang Taiji of the jade seal, and felt that it was time to be called the emperor, so he changed the country name from "Jin" to "Qing", and the year name was also changed from "Tiancong" to "Chongde". As for why the country name was changed to "Qing", there are four main theories.

The first theory is that Huang Taiji's father Nurhachi rode a cyan horse when he was avoiding the pursuit of the army, and this group of horses broke through with Nurhachi in order to carry him, and finally died of exhaustion, Nurhachi was very sad about this, and often mentioned the big green horse, and later Huang Taiji felt that this big green horse rose Houjin, so the country name was changed to "Qing".

The second theory is that the "Ming" of the Ming Dynasty at that time belonged to fire in the five elements, and the "Qing" belonged to water in the five elements, and water could overcome fire.

The third theory is that the Jianzhou Jurchens where Huang Taiji is located borrowed the country name "Jin" of the previous dynasty when they just started their army, but this "Jin" is the culprit who destroyed the Northern Song Dynasty and created the "Jingkang shame", the Han people hate this "Jin", and continue to use this country name, which is very unfavorable to the rule of the Han people, so after careful consideration, Huang Taiji changed the country name from "Jin" to "Qing", the fundamental reason is that "Qing" is easier to be accepted by the Han people than "Jin".

The fourth theory is that Huang Taiji changed the name of the country is not "Qing", but "Daqing", "Daqing" is not simply "Da" plus "Qing", in fact, "Daqing" is a word in Manchu, it ** and Mongolia, in Manchu and Mongolian, the main meaning of this word is "good fighters", the reason why Huang Taiji changed the country name to "Daqing", is to show that he wants to conquer the Ming Dynasty, but also reflects the union between Manchu and Mongolia.

It will help the emperor's management, but also reduce the rejection of the Han people, so that the Manchu and Han people can achieve integration, and the management will be smoother, and it will not cause many Han people to resist.

At the beginning, the Qing Dynasty was called Jin, which was established by Nurhachi, and later after Nurhachi's death, Huang Taiji changed the name of the country to Qing.

In 1616 (the forty-fourth year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty), Nurhachi was proclaimed Khan in Hetuala, established Jin (known as Houjin in history), and changed the Mandate of Heaven.

In 1636, Huang Taiji proclaimed himself emperor in Shenyang, changed the name of the country to Qing, changed to Yuan Chongde, and the Qing Dynasty was formally established.

The Jurchens were the predecessors of the Manchu people and lived in present-day northeastern China. During the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty wanted to suppress the remnants of the Northern Yuan Dynasty, so the Ming Dynasty set up a Liaodong command envoy in the Jurchen settlement and began to control the various tribes of the Jurchen tribe.

The Jurchen Jianzhou tribe Mengge Timur (Nurhachi VI ancestor) was the governor of the Ming Dynasty's Jianzhou Weizuo, and the tribe in the north was strong, and went south to oppress Jianzhou. The fierce brother Timur was killed, and the Jianzhou Department was forced to move south, eventually settling in Hetuala.

After moving south, the Jianzhou Department had close contacts with the Central Plains, and the social productivity was significantly improved, and the economy prospered. When Nurhachi served as the head of the Ming Dynasty's Jianzhou Department, he established the Eight Banners. In 1583 (the eleventh year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty), Nurhachi was appointed as the commander, and with the thirteen deputies of his ancestor and father, he successively annexed the four departments of Haixi, conquered the Jurchens in the East China Sea, and unified the Jurchen tribes.

In 1618 (the third year of the Mandate of Heaven, the forty-sixth year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty), Nurhachi published a document called "Seven Great Hatreds" to discuss the Ming Dynasty and began to openly raise troops against the Ming.

In 1643, Huang Taiji died of illness, and the ninth son Fulin succeeded to the throne as Emperor Shunzhi.

In 1644, Li Zicheng's peasant army overthrew the rule of the Ming Dynasty and Emperor Chongzhen committed suicide. Wu Sangui led the Qing army into the pass and defeated the peasant army. In the same year (the first year of Shunzhi), Dolgon welcomed Emperor Shunzhi into the customs and set the capital in Beijing.