English How to change verbs into present participles

(1) For general verbs, add "-ed" directly at the end of the word. It should be noted, however, that past participles are not in the past tense).

work---worked---worked,visit---visited---visited

2) Verbs ending with an unpronounced "e" should only be added with a "d" at the end of the word.

live---lived---lived

3) Verbs ending in "consonant letter + y", will"y"becomes"i"and add "-ed".

study—studied—studied,cry—cried—cried,try—tried—tried,fry—fried—fried.

4) Stress the end of the closed syllable, with only one consonant letter at the end (except r, y, x), double write the consonant letter first, and then add "-ed".

stop—stopped—stopped,drop—dropped—dropped

Special case: There are two types of verbs that should be added directly with "ed", but due to historical habits, the last letter should still be double-written, and then "ed". Regular verbs ending with "vowel letter + l" unstressed should also be double-written "l" in the past participle"and add "-ed".

For example, cancel cancelled, dial dialled.

5) For verbs ending in c, change c to ck, and add "-ed".

picnic→picnicked，traffic→trafficked

Note: The main reason for this is to avoid the change of its prototype tail k to an s after the change. According to the English spelling rules, c is pronounced s before the letters e, i, and y, and k in all other cases.

If you add "ed" directly, trafficed will be pronounced'tr f s d without reading'træfɪkt/。

Regular: The past tense is added ed, and the word segment is the same.

Only verbs have past participles.

The general ones are +ed

There are also a lot of special ones, such as: fall--fell--fell general verbs, add "-ed" directly at the end of the word. It should be noted, however, that past participles are not in the past tense).

work---worked---workedvisit---visited---visitedVisited verbs ending in an unpronounced "e", with only a "d" at the end of the word.

live---lived---lived

1. AAA typeput—put—put

cut—cut—cut

shut—shut—shut

let—let—let

set—set—set

hit—hit—hit

hurt—hurt—hurt

cost—cost—cost

read/ri:d/—read/red/—read/red/broadcast—broadcast—broadcast2. ABA typerun—ran—run

come—came—come

become—became—become (but: welcome—welcomed—welcomed).

The past participle is also an unqualified verb that has only one form and has no tense and voice inflections.

Past participles are formed in such a way that they are divided into regular and irregular variations.

1. Rule changes in past participles.

(1) For general verbs, add "-ed" directly at the end of the word. It should be noted, however, that past participles are not in the past tense).

work---worked---worked

visit---visited---visited

2) Verbs ending with an unpronounced "e" should only be added with a "d" at the end of the word.

live---lived---lived

3) Verbs ending in "consonant letter + y", will"y"becomes"i"and add "-ed".

study—studied—studied

cry—cried—cried

try—tried—tried

fry—fried—fried

4) Stress the end of the closed syllable, with only one consonant letter at the end (including r, except x), double write the consonant letter first, and then add "-ed".

stop—stopped—stopped

drop—dropped—dropped

But: mix - mixed - mixed.

5) For verbs ending in c, change c to ck, and add "-ed".

picnic→picnicked→picnicked

traffic→trafficked→trafficked。

This is mainly done to avoid the change of its prototype tail note k to an s after the change. In the English pronunciation rules, c is pronounced with a soft sound s before the letters e, i, and y, and hard with k in all other cases. If you add "ed" directly, trafficed will be pronounced'tr f st, without reading'træfɪkt/。

2. Irregular changes in past participles.

Irregular variations of past participles are to be memorized one by one. Such as:

bear - bore - borne burden, production.

get-got-gotten.

hang-hung-hung hanging.

light-lit-lit ignites.

rot - rotted - rotten rot.

Strike - struck - struck strike.

sink - sank - sunk sink.

The verb +-ing can form a present participle or gerund.