How many protocols does a computer have? What are the components of a computer network protocol?

I don't know how many of them are, but there must be such a thing as http.

A computer network protocol consists of three elements:

1) Semantics: Semantics is the interpretation of the meaning that controls each part of the information. It specifies what kind of control information needs to be sent, as well as what actions are completed and what kind of responses are made;

2) Grammar: Grammar is the structure and format of user data and control information, as well as the order in which the data appears;

3) Timing: Timing is a detailed description of the sequence in which events occur. (Also referred to as "synchronization").

These three elements are vividly described as: semantics for what to do, syntax for what to do, and temporal for the order in which to be done.

A computer network protocol is a collection of rules, standards, or conventions established for the exchange of data in a computer network. For example, a microcomputer user and a mainframe operator in a network communicate with each other, and the commands entered by the operators do not recognize each other because the two data terminals use different character sets. In order to be able to communicate, it is stipulated that each terminal must first convert the characters in its own character set into characters in the standard character set before entering the network for transmission, and then transform them into characters in the terminal character set after reaching the destination terminal.

Of course, for incompatible terminals, in addition to changing the character set characters, other characteristics need to be converted, such as display format, line length, number of lines, screen scrolling mode, etc.

Meaning: A protocol for interconnection between networks. The protocol for interconnection between networks is also a protocol designed for computer networks to connect with each other for communication.

In the Internet, it is a set of rules that enable all computer networks connected to the Internet to communicate with each other, and prescribe the rules that computers should follow when communicating on the Internet.

A computer protocol, also known as a network protocol, is a set of agreements that must be followed by both parties to a communication computer.

In order for data to reach its destination from the source on the network, the parties involved in the network communication must follow the same set of rules, called protocols, which are ultimately embodied in the format of the packets transmitted over the network. The most common computer protocol is the OSI RM protocol.

In 1978, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) proposed the "Open Systems Interconnection Reference Model", the well-known OSI RM model. It divides the communication protocol of the computer network architecture into seven layers, which are the physical layer, the data link layer, the network layer, the transport layer, the session layer, the presentation layer, and the application layer from bottom to top.

The fourth layer completes the data transmission service, and the above three layers are provided to the user.