What is Yuanqu and the concept of Yuanqu?

Yuanqu originally came from the so-called "Fan Qu" and "Hu Yue", which was first circulated among the people and was called "Market Xiaoling" or "Village Fang Minor". With the Yuan and Song dynasties taking control of the Central Plains, it spread successively in the vast areas of the north and south centered on Dadu (present-day Beijing) and Lin'an (present-day Hangzhou). Yuanqu has a strict grid formula, and each song card has fixed format requirements for sentence structure, word count, level, etc.

The Yuan Dynasty was the heyday of Yuan Qu. Generally speaking, Yuan miscellaneous opera and loose opera are collectively called Yuan qu, which is the main body of literature in the Yuan Dynasty. However, the achievements and influence of Yuan Miscellaneous Opera far exceed that of Sanqu, so some people use "Yuan Qu" to refer to Miscellaneous Opera, and Yuan Opera is also "Yuan Dynasty Opera".

Yuanqu is a wonderful flower in the splendid cultural treasure house of the Chinese nation, which embodies its unique characteristics in terms of ideological content and artistic achievements, and has become three important milestones in the history of Chinese literature. Although there is a fixed frame, but it is not rigid, it is allowed to add lining words in the fixed frame, some music cards can also add sentences, and the rhyme is allowed to rhyme, compared with the quatrain of the poem and the Song Dynasty, there is greater flexibility. Therefore, the reader can find that the two songs of the same "song card" sometimes have different word counts, which is the reason (the one with the lowest number of words in the same song card is the standard frame).

Find out what Yuanqu is.

A form of literature and art that prevailed in the Yuan Dynasty, it was the essence of the wisdom of the Confucian literati in the Yuan Dynasty, including miscellaneous operas and loose songs, sometimes referring specifically to miscellaneous operas.

Each book is mainly composed of four folds, adding wedges at the beginning or between the folds, and each fold is composed of the same palace tune and rhyme of the Beiqu suite and bin bai. Such as Guan Hanqing's "Dou E's Injustice" and so on. It was popular in the Dadu (now Beijing) area.

There were also miscellaneous dramas in the Ming and Qing dynasties, but each book was not limited to four folds. Sanqu was a form of music that prevailed in the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties without binbai. The content is mainly lyrical, and there are two kinds of small reams and sets.

The composition of Yuan opera includes two types of genres (loose songs and Yuan miscellaneous operas): one is the loose songs that include small orders, songs with passing songs and sets; The second is composed of a set of songs, interspersed with bin bai and Kefan, specially designed for the performance of miscellaneous dramas on the stage. "Sanqu" is the opposite of "opera".

A drama is a script used for performance, writing lyrics, confessions, movements, etc. for various characters;

Loose songs are simply lyrics used as a cappella. In terms of form, sanqu and words are very similar, but in language, the words should be elegant and subtle, while the sanqu should be popular and lively; In terms of rhythm, the words are stricter, while the loose songs are more free. Sanqu is divided into two categories from asanas:

Xiaoling" and "Loose Sets". Xiaoling, also known as Ye'er, has a short system, usually just an independent piece (a few contain two or three pieces).

The loose set consists of multiple pieces and requires a rhyme to be used at all times. There are also various names for the song cards of sanqu, such as "Nagging Order", "Blowing the Wind", "Happy Spring", "Mountain Slope Goat", "Red Embroidered Shoes" and so on, these names are mostly very slangy, which also shows that Sanqu is closer to folk songs than words.

With its works that reveal the profundity of reality, the wide range of subject matter, the popularity of language, the liveliness of form, the freshness of style, the vividness of depiction, and the variety of techniques, Yuanqu radiates dazzling brilliance in the ancient Chinese literature and art garden.

Yuan opera, or Yuan miscellaneous opera, is an opera art that prevailed in the Yuan Dynasty, and is a combination of loose opera and miscellaneous opera.

Compared with the Ming legend (Nanqu), later generations called Yuanqu Beiqu.

Yuan Qu is also known as Song Ci and Tang poetry and Han Fu. In a broad sense, music refers to all kinds of music that can be enjoyed since the Qin and Han dynasties, such as Han songs, Tang and Song songs, folk songs, etc.

Qu in the narrow sense mostly refers to the southern and northern songs since the Song Dynasty. The opera is divided into two categories: opera (or opera, including miscellaneous operas, legends, etc.) and loose opera, which have been very popular since the Yuan and Ming dynasties, so they are called Yuan operas in later generations. The style of the song is similar, but it is generally more free to use colloquial language.

**Some of them are also divided into palace tunes, and the most commonly used in Yuan songs are five palaces and four tunes.

In the end, Yuanqu includes: one is loose song, including two basic forms: Xiaoling and sets; The other category is miscellaneous dramas that include dialogues and are specially performed, including "Dou E's Injustice" and "The Legend of the West Chamber". Yuan opera includes two parts, Yuan miscellaneous opera and Yuan Dynasty scattered opera, which was conceived and developed on the basis of the Jinyuan book, and when the southern opera was prevalent, the northern miscellaneous opera matured.

The second half of the 13th century was the most prosperous period for Yuan miscellaneous operas. The structural form of the four-fold wedge is one of its distinctive features, and the one-person lead singer is another significant feature of the Yuan miscellaneous opera.

The historical status of Yuanqu:On the one hand, Yuanqu inherited the beauty and tactfulness of the poems; On the one hand, the society of the Yuan Dynasty put the scholars in the position of "eight prostitutes, nine Confucians, and ten beggars", with political dictatorship and social darkness, so that the Yuan Qu radiated an extremely dazzling brilliance of battle and revealed the mood of resistance; The edge directly points to the social evils, and the works describing love in the Yuan song are also more spicy and bold than the poems of the past dynasties. These are enough to make Yuanqu maintain its artistic charm forever.

The rise of Yuanqu has a far-reaching impact and outstanding contribution to the development of China's national poetry and the prosperity of culture, as soon as Yuanqu appears, it immediately shows its vigorous vitality like the flower of other arts, it is not only a handy tool for literati to express their aspirations, but also provides a new art form that the people like to see for reflecting the social life of the Yuan Dynasty.

The above content reference: Encyclopedia - Yuanqu.

Yuanqu. Yuan opera originated in the north during the Song and Jin confrontation periods, and in the Yuan Dynasty, it developed into one of the representative literary treasures of Chinese literature in a very short period of time. With the development of Yuanqu, Guan Hanqing, Bai Sullen Senpu, Ma Zhiyuan, Zhang Yanghao, Qiao Ji, Zhang Kejiu and other Yuanqu masters appeared.

Yuanqu includes two parts: loose songs and miscellaneous operas, among which the loose songs have a wide range of materials and free forms, which are the most rhymes. It is characterized by a more straightforward and colloquial language, and the use of linings makes it more free in language. In this way, the artistic conception of Yuanqu is more sparse and clear.

In terms of content, Yuanqu has the characteristics of escaping politics, pursuing the style of seclusion, and singing about the customs of men and women, reflecting the Yuanqu writers' pursuit of freedom and the spirit of rebellion against secular traditions, which make Yuankong Que Qu the most representative literary style of the Yuan Dynasty.

Yuan Qu was called "Yuefu, New Yuefu, North Yuefu" in the Yuan Dynasty. What people usually call Yuan Qu includes, opera and loose songs.

Opera, also known as miscellaneous opera, is often expressed in the form of opera, and loose opera is divided into sets and small orders, often expressed in the form of poetry.

Yuan opera is a form of literature and art that prevailed in the Yuan Dynasty, and is the essence of the wisdom of Confucian literati in the Yuan Dynasty. Miscellaneous opera, a form of performance characterized by burlesque and comedy in the Song Dynasty, developed into a form of opera in the Yuan Dynasty. Each book is mainly four-fold, and a wedge is added at the beginning or between the folds, and each fold is composed of the Beiqu suite and Binbai with the same rhyme in the same palace tune.

Such as Guan Hanqing's "Dou E's Injustice" and so on. It was popular in the Dadu (now Beijing) area. There were also miscellaneous dramas in the Ming and Qing dynasties, but each book was not limited to four folds.

Sanqu was a form of music that prevailed in the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties without binbai. The content is mainly lyrical, and there are two kinds of small reams and sets.

It began in the Song Dynasty and flourished in the Yuan Dynasty. Generally speaking, Yuan Miscellaneous Opera and Sanqu are collectively called Yuan Qu, Miscellaneous Opera is opera, and Sanqu is poetry, which belong to different literary genres. But there are similarities.

Both of them use the northern song as the form of singing. Therefore, the loose song and the opera are also called Yuefu. Sanqu is the main body of literature in the Yuan Dynasty.

However, the achievements and influence of Yuan Miscellaneous Opera far exceed that of Sanqu, so some people refer to Miscellaneous Opera with "Yuan Qu Bureau", which is also "Yuan Dynasty Opera".

1. Explanation Yuanqu, also known as sandwich, is a literary and artistic form of Qingxidong that prevailed in the Yuan Dynasty, including miscellaneous operas and loose songs, sometimes referring specifically to miscellaneous operas;

2. The composition of the yuanqu:

The first is to include small songs, loose songs with over-songs and sets;

The second is composed of a set of songs, interspersed with bin bai and Kefan, specially designed for the performance of miscellaneous dramas on the stage.

3. The reasons for the rise and development of Yuanqu:

First of all, the social reality of the ancestors was the rise of Yuanqu. The foundation, the vast territory of the Yuan Dynasty, the prosperity of the city's economy, the grand theater, the active book club and the endless audience reputation day and night laid the foundation for the rise of Yuan Qu;

secondly, the cultures of various ethnic groups in the Yuan Dynasty exchanged and melted with each other, which promoted the formation of Yuan Qu;

Thirdly, Yuanqu is the inevitable result of the internal laws of poetry itself and the inheritance and development of literary traditions.

4, Yuanqu four everyone.

Guan Hanqing, Ma Zhiyuan, Zheng Guanglu's ancestor, and Bai Pu are known as the "Four Masters of Yuanqu", and Guan Hanqing is at the head of the "Four Masters of Yuanqu".