Analyze the evolution of the relationship between kings and parliaments since the Middle Ages, takin

Before the English Revolution, Parliament had the power to limit the king, and after the Revolution (especially after the Glorious Revolution and the Bill of Rights) the parliament had more power than the king and established a constitutional monarchy; After the French Revolution, France gradually established its democratic republic, abolished the monarchy, and the power of the natural parliament was greater than that of the king.

To sum up, with the development of the times, the authority of the parliament is greater than that of the king, forming a situation in which the king is under the law.

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England: As early as the 13th century, powerful aristocrats, in order to maintain their privileges and limit the power of the king, forced the king to form a parliament attended by representatives of nobles, clergy, knights and townspeople. Parliament has the power to decide on taxation and enact laws.

In 1258, Baron Simon de Montfort, brother-in-law of King Henry III of England, broke into the palace with arms, forcing Henry to agree to a meeting to sign the Statute of Oxford, which limited royal power.

According to the Oxford Statutes, state power was held by a committee of fifteen controlled by the aristocracy. For this purpose, a new name was introduced, parliament. The word comes from French and means "to deliberate", and later in English, it means parliament.

In 1265, the first Parliament was convened, which marked the creation of the English Parliament. In the first half of the 14th century, the Upper House of Parliament was divided into two chambers, the Upper House was also called the House of Nobles, and the lower House was also called the House of Commoners. In the 17th century, many emerging assets.

Representatives of the class became members of the House of Commons.

Answer: Analysis:

The Magna Carta, introduced in 1215, placed royal power under feudal customary law and provided important lessons for the establishment of a parliamentary system. In 1265, the leader of the nobility presided over a meeting attended by representatives of the nobles, knights, and townspeople of Yuhui, which became the beginning of the council; Later, the Parliament Hill gradually evolved into two houses. The House of Lords consisted of representatives of the nobility and the Church, and the House of Commons was made up of representatives of the squires and burghers.

The parliament at that time was still feudal. With the development of capitalism, the representatives of the bourgeoisie in the British parliament increased and made more trouble, and gradually evolved into a parliament representing the interests of the bourgeoisie. The formation and development of the British Parliament laid the foundation for the establishment of a constitutional monarchy.

From the beginning of the Bill of Rights in 1689 to the establishment of the French Third Republic in 1785.

The structure and features of the British constitutional monarchy. The main institutions of a British constitutional monarchy are the Crown, Parliament, and Cabinet. The distinguishing feature of the British polity is the presence of a monarch.

Among them, the parliament is the highest organ of state power, and is the legislator and overseer. The Cabinet of Ministers is the highest administrative body of the State. The Cabinet must emerge from Parliament and be composed of and accountable to the Parliament with a majority of seats in Parliament.

The King exercises power in accordance with the will of the Cabinet and assumes ceremonial functions such as the head of state. There is both a division of labor and a constraint between the three, which reflects the characteristics of the operation of the British political system.

Britain is a typical constitutional monarchy, although there is a basic division of labor between the monarch, parliament, and cabinet, but the boundaries of separation of powers are not very clear, and the overlapping powers and mutual restraints are prominent. The British constitution gives parliament supremacy. But since the middle of the 20th century, the center of gravity has gradually shifted to the cabinet and the prime minister, and the prime minister has become the real most powerful person in Britain.

Judging by the structure of the British constitutional monarchy, the monarch, the parliament, and the cabinet are all representatives of the bourgeoisie and the aristocracy, and their class attributes and the policies they implement prove one point. Therefore, the constitutional monarchy is essentially at the service of the bourgeoisie and is a form of political organization of the bourgeois state.

To put it simply, the king is the head of state, the cabinet is the executive body of the state, and the parliament is the legislature and power organ of the state. The United Kingdom is a parliamentary constitutional monarchy. The king (male or female) is a virtual head of state, enjoying the highest honors and courtesies, but does not have any real power.

The parliament is the center of state power, and the parliament is elected by universal suffrage throughout the country, and as the highest representative body of public opinion, it decides on major affairs of the country. The majority party in Parliament produced the **, the British Cabinet, which exercised executive power. However, please note that precisely because the Prime Minister is necessarily the leader of the majority party in Parliament, the Prime Minister's decisions are bound to be passed by Parliament, i.e. there will always be a majority.

So the actual power of parliament was transferred to the majority leader, the prime minister. Of course, as a two-party country in the traditional sense. The Conservatives, the Labour Party, and the newly emerging Liberal Democratic Party are also in a fierce battle for Parliament.

I know the House of Lords and the House of Commons.