What are the four municipalities directly under the central government in our country, and what are

1. Beijing (Beijing).

The first well-documented name in Beijing was "Ji", which was the capital of the Yan Kingdom during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Liaojin used Beijing as the accompanying capital and called it Yanjing. After Jin destroyed Liao, the capital was moved here, called the central capital.

The Yuan Dynasty was renamed Dadu. Ming Chengzu Zhu Di moved the capital here from Nanjing and renamed it "Beijing". The name is still in use today.

It was established as a municipality in 1949.

Take the word "Jing" in the full name as the abbreviation.

2. Tianjin (Tianjin).

Before the Tang and Song dynasties, Tianjin was called Zhigu. The Jin Dynasty formed a bazaar called "Zhigu Village". The Yuan Dynasty set up Jinhai Town, which was the beginning of the construction of Tianjin.

In the 2nd year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1404), the city was built and guarded, and it was called Tianjin Wei at first, and it was taken the meaning of "the ferry port through which the Son of Heaven passed". It was established as a municipality in 1949.

Take the word "Jin" in the full name as the abbreviation.

3. Shanghai (Shanghai).

The name of Shanghai began in the Song Dynasty, when Shanghai has become a new port in China, at that time there were eighteen large Pu in Shanghai, one of which was called Shanghai Pu, and its west bank has Shanghai Town. In 1292, Shanghai was changed from a town to a county. This is the origin of the name Shanghai.

In 1949, Shanghai was established as a municipality directly under the central government.

In ancient times, the fishermen in Shanghai invented a kind of bamboo fishing tool "Hu", there was no place name of Shanghai at that time, therefore, this area was called "Hudu", so Shanghai was referred to as "Shanghai". During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Shanghai was part of the Chuchun Shenjun Huang Xie fiefdom, so Shanghai was also called "Shen".

4. Chongqing (Chongqing).

Chongqing was known as "Ba" in ancient times. In Qin, it was called Jiangzhou. Sui called Yuzhou.

The Northern Song Dynasty was called Gongzhou. The name of Chongqing began in 1190, because Zhao Dun of Guangzong of the Southern Song Dynasty first crowned King Gong, and then ascended the throne, so Gongzhou was promoted to Chongqing Mansion, taking the meaning of "double celebration". In 1997, Chongqing was established as a municipality directly under the central government.

In the Sui period, the Jialing River was called Yushui, and Chongqing was located in Yuzhou because it was located on the bank of the Jialing River, so Chongqing was referred to as "Chongqing".

The four municipalities directly under the central government in China are: Beijing, Tianjin, Chongqing and Shanghai.

Municipalities directly under the Central Government are one of the administrative divisions of China, with the same administrative status as provinces, autonomous regions and special administrative regions, and are provincial-level administrative regions of the People's Republic of China, directly under the jurisdiction of the people.

Extended information: As an administrative unit, municipalities have different definitions in different countries, and the municipalities directly under the central government in Chinese mainland and Taiwan Province are also different, the basic definition is that an ordinary administrative unit (see special administrative regions for details), the area can be as small as a people**, a city, a town, or even a village, but for most countries, municipalities must basically have their own election mechanism, so as to elect the leaders of the municipalities.

Municipalities directly under the Central Government tend to have larger built-up areas and a larger residential population, and have an important position in the country's politics, economy, science, culture, and transportation. Municipalities directly under the Central Government in China are the highest administrative units like provinces, autonomous regions, and special administrative regions, so their administrative status is the same as that of provinces, but their jurisdictional areas are the same as prefecture-level cities, districts, counties, autonomous counties, etc.

The four municipalities directly under the central government in China are Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and Chongqing.

The first well-documented name in Beijing was "Ji", which was the capital of the Yan Kingdom during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Liaojin took Beijing as the accompanying capital and called it Yanjing.

After Jin destroyed Liao, the capital was moved here, called the central capital. The Yuan Dynasty was renamed Dadu. Ming Chengzu Zhu Di moved the capital here from Nanjing and renamed it "Beijing".

It was established as a municipality in 1949.

Tianjin: Before the Tang and Song dynasties, it was called Zhigu, the Jin Dynasty formed a bazaar called "Zhigu Village" and was absolutely rough, the Yuan Dynasty set up Jinhai Town, and the Ming Dynasty built the city and set up the city in the second year of Yongle, and it was called Tianjin Wei at first. It was established as a municipality in 1949.

Shanghai: In the Song Dynasty, Shanghai was set up as a town. In 1292, Shanghai was changed from a town to a county. It was established as a municipality in 1949.

Chongqing was known as "Ba" in ancient times. In the Qin period, it was called Jiangzhou, in the Sui Dynasty it was called Yuzhou, and in the Northern Song Dynasty it was called Gongzhou. In 1190, Zhao Dun of the Southern Song Dynasty ascended to the emperor and promoted Gongzhou to Chongqing. In 1997, the town was established as a municipality directly under the central government.

The four municipalities directly under the central government in China are: Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, and Chongqing.

1. Beijing

Referred to as "Beijing", known as Yanjing and Beiping in ancient times, Beijing is located in the north of China, the north of the North China Plain, adjacent to Tianjin in the east, and the rest are adjacent to Hebei, the center is located in the east longitude of 116 ° 20, north latitude of 39 ° 56, is the world's famous ancient capital and modern international city.

2. Tianjin

Referred to as "Tianjin", also known as Jingu, Jinmen, is China's provincial-level administrative region, municipality, national central city, megacity, Tianjin is located in North China, northeast of the North China Plain, the lower reaches of the Haihe River Basin, east of the Bohai Sea, north of Yanshan, west of the capital Beijing.

3. Shanghai

Referred to as "Shanghai" or "Shen", Shanghai is located in East China, on the west coast of the Pacific Ocean, along the eastern edge of the Asian continent, and at the front edge of the Yangtze River Delta; It is bordered by the East China Sea in the east, Hangzhou Bay in the south, Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces in the west, and the Yangtze River estuary in the north.

4. Chongqing

Referred to as "Chongqing", also known as the mountain city, Chongqing is a national historical and cultural city. In 1189, Song Guangzong Zhao Dian first crowned King Gong and then ascended the throne, and promoted Gongzhou to Chongqing Prefecture, from which Chongqing got its name.

Introduction to the topography of Beijing

The topography of Beijing is high in the northwest and low in the southeast. The west, north and northeast are surrounded by mountains on three sides, and the southeast is a plain that slopes gently towards the Bohai Sea. The main rivers that flow through the territory are:

The Yongding River, the Chaobai River, the North Canal, the Juma River, etc., mostly originate from the mountains in the northwest, pass through the lofty mountains, meander through the plains to the southeast, and finally join the Bohai Sea.

The climate of Beijing is a typical warm temperate semi-humid continental monsoon climate, with high temperature and rain in summer, cold and dry winter, and short spring and autumn. In 2016, the average temperature in Beijing was 11-13.

1. The four municipalities directly under the central government in China are Beijing, Shanghai, Chongqing and Tianjin.

2. Beijing: ** Municipality, the capital of the People's Republic of China, is not only the political center of the country, but also the center of culture, science, education and transportation. Beijing is located on the northern edge of the North China Plain, surrounded by mountains on the west, north and east, and plains in the southeast.

It has a temperate continental climate with four distinct seasons, with short springs, rainy and humid summers, long and cold winters, and autumn being the most pleasant season.

3. Shanghai: ** municipality, the largest city in the country, located in the middle of the coastline of Chinese mainland, at the mouth of the Yangtze River, the geographical location is extremely superior. As an important comprehensive industrial base and seaport in China, Shanghai occupies a pivotal position in the national economy.

The main industries are metallurgy, machinery manufacturing, shipbuilding, chemical industry, electronics, instruments, light industry, textiles, etc., and commerce, finance, and ocean transportation are also well developed.

4. Tianjin: a major industrial and commercial city in northern China, about 120 kilometers away from Beijing, is an important port for China's ocean transportation, offshore transportation and foreign transportation. Tianjin's traditional industries include iron and steel, machinery manufacturing, chemical industry, electric power, textiles, building materials, papermaking, and food; Emerging industries include shipbuilding, automobiles, oil extraction, oil processing, tractors, fertilizers, pesticides, watches, televisions, cameras, etc.

5. Chongqing Municipality: ** municipality, the largest industrial and commercial center in southwest China and the water and land transportation hub in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. Chongqing is a comprehensive industrial city, with developed industries such as steel, chemicals, electric power, automobiles, machinery, shipbuilding, building materials, textiles, food, and medicine.

1. The four municipalities directly under the central government in China are Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin and Chongqing. By the end of 2016, there were four municipalities directly under the central government in Chinese mainland, namely Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin and Chongqing, and their municipal leaders belonged to the provincial level, that is, ministerial-level cadres.

2. Beijing: It is the capital of the People's Republic of China, a municipality directly under the central government, a national central city, a megacity, an international metropolis, a national political center, a cultural center, an international exchange center, and a scientific and technological innovation center. Beijing is one of the first national historical and cultural cities and the city with the largest number of world cultural heritage sites in the world, with a history of more than 3,000 years, giving birth to many places of interest and historic sites such as the Forbidden City, the Temple of Heaven, the Badaling Great Wall, and the Summer Palace.

3. Shanghai: It is the birthplace of the Communist Party of China, a municipality directly under the Central Government of the People's Republic of China, a national central city, a megacity, a core city in the Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Greater Bay Area, an international economic, financial, shipping, and scientific and technological innovation center, and one of the first coastal open cities. Shanghai is located at the mouth of the Yangtze River, and is the leading city of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the core city of the G60 Science and Technology Innovation Corridor.

4. Tianjin: It is a municipality directly under the Central Government of the People's Republic of China, a national central city, a megacity, an economic center of the Bohai Rim region, the first batch of coastal open cities, a national advanced manufacturing R&D base, a core area of northern international shipping, a demonstration area for financial innovation and operation, and a pioneer area for reform and opening up. Tianjin is the only city in ancient China that has an exact record of when it was founded.

5. Chongqing: It is the only municipality under the jurisdiction of the central and western regions of the People's Republic of China, a national central city, a megacity, an international metropolis, an economic, financial, scientific and technological innovation, shipping and trade logistics center in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, an important strategic fulcrum for the development of the western region, an important connection point of the "Belt and Road" and the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and an inland development highland; It is not only famous for the river city and the fog capital, but also famous for the mountain city.