How neoliberalism arose in the United States

Classical liberalism is completely laissez-faire. NeoliberalismIt's againstKeynesianismOverly intervening. They are all policies for economic development.

Political economy since the late 18th century.

Or economics is based on the idea that production is constantly evolving and thus increasing economic output. Keynes, on the other hand, saw the decline in aggregate demand for goods as the main cause of the recession.

From this point of view, he pointed out that measures to maintain the balance of overall economic activity data can balance supply and demand at the macro level. Therefore, Keynes's and other economic theories based on Keynes's theory are called macroeconomics.

Microeconomics focuses on the study of individual behavior.

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Keynes believed that the level of production and employment was determined by the level of aggregate demand. Aggregate demand is the total amount of demand for goods and services in the economy as a whole. In microeconomic theory, **, wages and interest rates.

The automatic adjustment will automatically bring aggregate demand towards a level of full employment. Keynes pointed out the reality of the rapid deterioration of the shortage of production and employment at that time, and pointed out that the theory could not be better.

In fact, this self-regulating mechanism did not work. The crux of the matter is whether there is a "lack of demand". According to classical economic theory, as used in previous practice in the General Theory, insufficient demand is a symptom of recession and economic chaos, not a cause, and therefore would not occur in a functioning market.

Classical liberalism opposes regulation and control at the micro and macro levels, advocates free competition, free operation, and freedom, and firmly believes that the spontaneous role of free competition market forces can ensure the coordinated and stable growth of economic life, and the state only needs to act as a "night watchman" to create good external conditions for a free competition market economy. It is an inefficient manager to think that "every man should be left to complete liberty when he does not violate the laws of justice, and let him adopt his own methods, pursue his own interests, and compete with any other man or other class with his labour and capital." ”

Neoliberalism inherited the classical liberal economic theories of the bourgeoisie and went to extremes, vigorously advocating liberalization, privatization, marketization and globalization. Its basic characteristics are: 1. The concept of privatized ownership reform advocates that public assets should be quickly sold (or gifted) to private individuals at a low price, and that private ownership is something that people "can decide what we want to do as individuals".

2. The distribution concept of multi-factor value creation denies the creation of new value by living labor and the nature of economic exploitation of private ownership, and believes that the polarization between the rich and the poor is the premise and normal phenomenon of high efficiency. 3. Oppose any form of state intervention, limit the role of the state to the "night watchman", and oppose Marxism and the policy of state intervention of old and new Keynesianism. 4. Advocate that all industries do not need to be protected, and an export-oriented export-oriented strategy should be implemented.

The influence of neoliberalism on contemporary China is first of all on people's cognition, and secondly, on some literary works, including on people's thinking.

The influence of neoliberalism on contemporary China is still very large.

European liberalism, from the 20th century to the 30s, the development of liberal thought in Europe is a long process, such as the ideological achievements of some people such as Locke and Voltaire, as well as the Puritan movement (at that time, Queen Elizabeth of England established the Church of England - Anglican, but some people were dissatisfied and broke away from the Anglican Church and set up a new religious group - Puritans. These Puritans then left England and eventually reached the New World, that is, the Americas, in order to avoid British rule) and other influential figures, these liberalisms arose with the rise of capitalism, mainly to provide an ideological defense of private property in commercial civilization.

American liberalism: It refers to an ideology formed by the combination of British and American workers' doctrine with individual freedom and rights as the core, liberalism is the core of American political consensus, and is based on the political ideology of the "American Creed" (freedom, equality, and nation). The United States is the first and only country in the world to be founded on common ideas and common political beliefs, and classical liberalism is the consensus of Americans.

Classical liberalism is characterized by the requirement to limit the role of the state in economic and social life, to implement a laissez-faire policy in the economy, and to automatically regulate supply and demand by the market; Politically emphasized** or the State must not impede or impair individual freedoms; In social life, liberals demand that people take responsibility for themselves and not rely on **, relying on personal struggle to achieve the "American dream"; In social life, liberals want to "leave me alone" and let me do it myself. What is the reason for the formation of the model brigade? Because the Americans were freed from British colonial rule through the Revolutionary War, they were viscerally suspicious of the role of the Confederation (especially the distant Confederation), and imposed restrictions on its power.

Therefore, the United States has always elected ** or senators, and they are elected by the people and votes, and Americans attach great importance to their own freedoms and rights.

American liberalism was formed based on European liberalism, because in the 14th century, there was no new continent in the Americas, when the entire economic structure of Europe (religious, social, literary, artistic and scientific) was in danger of disintegrating, and many European countries looked for new passages to the west, hoping to do business directly with foreigners or need to find more spices (spices**), and finally discovered the New World, which was discovered by Columbus, when many European countries explored the Americas and stationed in the Americas. So in this America, there are people from different countries, these people are called colonizers; Including whites (Britain, France, Spain and other countries), blacks are black slaves including Africa, plus Native Americans, during the struggle with the British, and finally the North American colonists defeated the British, broke away from British rule, the United States became independent in 1776, and American liberalism will be better understood, but for Europe, because European liberalism includes, French liberalism, British liberalism, etc., there are many things.

Different is different, and it is not understandable to ordinary people.