Geographical location of Loulan History and reasons for its disappearance

The ancient city of Loulan, an important monument in Xinjiang, is located in the west of Lop Nur, the hub of the Western Regions, and occupies an extremely important position on the ancient Silk Road. Silk and tea in China's interior, horses, grapes, and jewelry in the Western Regions were all traded through Loulan at the earliest. Many caravans pass through this oasis and rest there for a while.

The Loulan Kingdom had a history of more than 800 years from its founding before 176 BC to its demise in 630 AD. The scope of the kingdom extends from the vicinity of Guyangguan in the east, to the ancient city of Niya in the west, to the Altun Mountain in the south, and to Hami in the north.

Loulan culture can be called the world's most cultural landscape. According to archaeologists, human activity in the Tarim River basin has a history of more than 10,000 years.

If we connect the ancient cities abandoned in the Taklamakan Desert of the Tarim River with a red thread, we will be surprised to find that all the ancient cities, including the Loulan Kingdom, suddenly disappeared in the 415th century AD, and all the ruins are in the Netherworld Desert, which is 50---200 kilometers away from the place where human beings live today. Today, despite the great efforts of many scholars, such as the rise and fall of the ancient city of Loulan, it is still a huge mystery, and the ruins of Loulan have also become the focus of the world's attention. The ancient city of Luntai, the ruins of the end of the period, the ancient tombs, the ancient beacons, the mummies, the ancient rock paintings, etc., are all world-class tourist attractions.

In the history of mankind, Loulan is a name full of mysteries. The splendor it once had has formed its special place in the history of world culture. The interest and enthusiasm shown by people in Loulan culture fully shows that Loulan not only belongs to China, but also belongs to mankind.

Loulan is an immeasurable historical heritage left by our ancestors to Bazhou, and it is also the pride of Bazhou people. At the same time, it also means excavating, sorting and researching Loulan culture. To display the culture of Loulan and the ancient Western Regions in various ways, the people of Bazhou should have a greater responsibility.

When the 21st century is coming, the times provide an excellent opportunity for the people of Bazhou, which is to take the opportunity of rapid economic development and the premise of comprehensive growth of economic strength to develop the cultural heritage of Loulan and the ancient city in a planned way. Let them serve the construction of modern spiritual civilization and material civilization. In fact, this is a new historical period for us to give new life to Loulan culture.

There are two reasons for the disappearance of the ancient city of Loulan: changes in the earth's climate and human influences.

1. Changes in the Earth's climate

During the Bronze Age, the population was thriving, and it was a time of high temperatures, when the Lop Nur Lake was vast and the environment was suitable. However, after entering the cooling zone, the water and soil environment deteriorated, the river water decreased, the lake shrank, and the desert expanded. Around 2000 years ago, drought intensified, which was manifested in the occurrence of ice into forests in vast areas of northern China, the accumulation of loess, the extinction of lakes and marshes, and the retreat of the sea.

2. Human Influence:

The impact of human activities on the drying up of Lop Nur can be said to be increasing. Water sources and trees are key to the survival of this oasis on the barren plain. The ancient city of Loulan was built in the lower delta of the Peacock River, where the water system was developed at that time, and there were flourishing poplar trees for its construction in this Minchun banquet.

Location Realm:

Loulan country starts from the vicinity of Guyangguan in the east, reaches the ancient city of Niya in the west, reaches Altun Mountain in the south, and reaches Hami in the north. The ancient city of Loulan now belongs to Ruoqiang County, Bayingolin Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and is 220 kilometers away from Ruoqiang County.

The archaeological team re-determined the location of the ancient city of Loulan at 89°55 22 east longitude and 40°29 55 north latitude, and the four city walls were about 330 meters long, with a total area of 10,000 square meters.

The above content reference: Encyclopedia - Loulan.

Cutting down trees has a lot to do with even a lot.

1.Because of the epidemic of the plague, the people of Loulan were not much left because of this plague. And because of the indiscriminate felling of the Loulan people, soil erosion has been caused.

The people of Loulan wanted to find another home, so they abandoned the city and ran away, but not long after leaving the city, they encountered a rare violent storm and sandy weather. After natural disasters and man-made disasters, there are few Loulan people left, and the Loulan people want to find another home, and the desire to repeat the ancient country of Loulan cannot be realized.

2.There is another way of saying it. It is said that the diversion of the Zhubin River in the middle reaches of the Tarim River, the mother river of Loulan, has led to a serious shortage of water in Loulan, although the soldiers of Dunhuang, Shanshan, Yanqi and Qiuci came to the rescue, but they still could not change anything, and the ancient city of Loulan gradually fell due to lack of water.

3.Whether it was the lack of water or the indiscriminate deforestation of the Loulan people that led to the demise of Loulan, there was an indisputable fact: Loulan's demise was accelerated by the plague and unprecedented windy sandstorms.

The main reasons for the disappearance of the ancient city of Loulan are: sparsely populated, war and slaughter, etc.

It was because of a sandstorm that buried Loulan City.

The ancient kingdom of Loulan is a small country on the ancient Silk Road, located in the west of Lop Nur, in the pivotal front of the Western Regions, the scope of the kingdom from the vicinity of Guyangguan in the east, to the ancient city of Niya in the west, to the Altun Mountain in the south, and to Hami in the north. It occupies an extremely important position on the ancient Silk Road. Today, only the remains of ruins remain.

So what are the historical records of the ancient city of Loulan?

1. The earliest specific record of the Loulan Kingdom in Chinese historical books can be found in the Historical Records of Dawan. According to records, we know that Loulan is a small country in the Western Regions, founded on the edge of Yanze, with a city, but "the soldiers are weak and easy to go". The "Shiozawa" here refers to Lop Nur.

By the time the Han Dynasty historian Ban Gu wrote the Book of Han, there were 1,570 households in the Loulan Kingdom, with a total of 14,100 people, and the national capital was called "Da Mu". The Book of Han further introduces the ecological environment of Loulan: "The land is sand and the land is scarce, and the field is divided into valleys.

The country produces jade, many reeds (reeds), willows (red willows), poplar of Hutongjia), and white grass (芨芨). The people follow the animal husbandry and chase the water and grass. There were donkeys and horses, and many camels.

Able to be a soldier, the same as the Qiang. ”

2. During the reign of Emperor Zhao of the Han Dynasty, Loulan changed the name of the country to Shanshan, and asked the imperial court to garrison Yixun. Emperor Zhao placed the commander in Yixun City and went to Tuntian. Since then, Lou Kinalan has become a strategic fulcrum for **** to control the Western Regions.

During the Eastern Han Dynasty, Loulan still occupied an important position on the Silk Road. The Eastern Han Dynasty ** developed Loulan on a large scale in Tuntian. After that, until the Wei and Jin dynasties for hundreds of years, Loulan has always been an important transportation hub from the mainland to the Western Regions, and later, Loulan was rarely seen in history, and gradually disappeared mysteriously.

The above is all the content of the historical records of the ancient city of Loulan.

There was an ancient Western Regions. Probably near Xinjiang now, so far its ancient tombs have been found, but also some ruins of the city, about its ancient development history is still unclear, the earliest record of it "Historical Records", that is, the Han Dynasty and the Central Plains had diplomatic relations!