How to prevent and control new sclerotinia sclerotinia disease?

In the early stage of the disease, it can be sprayed with 1000 times of 40% sclerotia net wettable powder, or 1500 times of 50% Pythium wettable powder, or 1000 times of 40% pyrimecoamine suspension, or with Pythium plus fumidi, iprodione plus carbendazim and other compound schemes, pay attention to rotation of medication. Focus on spraying the base of the stem and the basal leaves, spray once every 7 days, and use the medicine 2-3 times according to the improvement of the condition.

Baby cabbage is a new type of cabbage with good taste, also called miniature Chinese cabbage, which is mostly planted in spring and autumn in the southern region, and can be planted in the high mountains in summer. The growth period of baby cabbage is relatively short, generally about 50 days, and it is often harmed by downy mildew, soft rot, sclerotinia sclerotinia disease, aphids, diamondback moth and other pests and diseases during planting. Sclerotinia sclerotinia is a common disease on cruciferous vegetable crops, which is generally conducive to the occurrence of sclerotinia sclerotinia in heavy cropping and high soil humidity environment.

In cabbage planting, there is a disease that many people often do not understand clearly, and it is treated as soft rot to prevent and control, and the result is that the disease is delayed. This disease mainly occurs in cool and rainy weather, and it is also prone to overwatering in cold climates. In the early stage, the symptoms of soft rot are the same as those of the base of the leaves, resulting in water-soaked rot in the parts close to the soil.

This disease will be infected from the emergence of Chinese cabbage to the storage period, and the appearance of this disease is more related to temperature, humidity and continuous cropping. The humidity of planting in the greenhouse is too large, and the low-temperature cultivation in early spring or autumn and winter is easy to be infected by pathogens; The incidence of low temperature and low sunshine in early spring, continuous rain, and low temperature, rainy and foggy in late autumn was more serious. In addition, the disease is also more serious under the conditions of not paying attention to crop rotation and stubble, partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, excessive density, poor ventilation and light transmission, low-lying water accumulation and large water flood irrigation. After baby cabbage is infected, it first becomes infected from the base of one side of the leaf and gradually develops inward.

The diseased part is not depressed, brown rot, and grows white cotton flocular mycelium and brown sclerotia, and there is no odor in the rotten place. The diseased part is brown and rotten, and there are white mycelium and brown fungus.

The plots with serious disease must pay attention to the implementation of crop rotation, and at the same time choose the plots that have not been planted with cruciferous family in the previous stubble for seedling raising or direct planting, using high furrows or small ridges for cultivation, reasonable dense planting, scientific watering, and attention to the field can not accumulate water. In addition to the use of the above-mentioned agents after the onset of the greenhouse, if you encounter continuous rainy days, you can choose 45% Pythium fumigant, 250 grams per mu each time, around 6 o'clock in the evening, close the greenhouse, and open the tuyere in time the next morning for ventilation.

Chemical aids are integrated control measures, such as pesticides; It is mainly agricultural measures and prevention at an early stage.

Baby cabbage is a very good taste of the dish, if you want to prevent sclerotinia or sclerotinia you still have to select seeds, as well as remove the sclerotia mixed in the seeds, and choose the corresponding drugs to prevent it in the early stage of the disease.

There are two ways to prevent and treat. Prevention is to take protective measures before baby cabbage becomes ill, such as choosing good varieties; And the treatment is to give some drugs to assist the sick baby cabbage in the process of onset.

When planting, the planting density should be controlled, and the fully decomposed organic fertilizer should be added, and the appropriate amount of calcium and other trace elements should be supplemented to improve the disease resistance of the plant.

After the vegetables have this disease, they must be sprayed with some pesticides and fertilizer, so that the disease can be cured, otherwise the vegetables will wither, and then they will die after rotting from the roots.

It is necessary to spray fertilizer in time, observe pesticides regularly, remove pests and diseases in time, pay attention to the density of planting, and ventilate in time.

First of all, it is necessary to use fungicides in time, and at the same time, it is also necessary to choose the right pesticide according to the variety of vegetables, and to choose the right pesticide according to the disease.

Prevention and control methods.

The prevention and control of Sclerotinia sclerotinia sclerotinia should adopt the prevention and control strategy of "prevention first, unified prevention and control". Biocontrol agents were applied at the time of sowing and at the beginning of the occurrence of sclerotinia to reduce the number of sclerotinia in the field. In case of rainy weather during the critical period of prevention and control, pesticides should be applied once at the first flowering stage and the full flowering stage for prevention; Vigorously promote the application of plant protection efficient pesticide application equipment for unified control and control.

1 Agricultural control.

No-tillage and straw returning will increase the number of sclerotia in the field, so it is recommended to carry out water-upland rotation or deep tillage in areas with suitable conditions, combined with sowing and application of biological control bacteria (such as Scutellus scholasta or Trichoderma, etc.) to reduce the number of sclerotia in the field.

After the rain, the ditch is cleared and the moisture is managed, and the drainage is reduced; Remove the lower withered, old, yellow and diseased leaves, take them out of the field, loosen the soil, remove weeds and ascomycetes in the field, reduce the source of bacteria, and improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions in the field; The application of boron fertilizer can promote the healthy growth of rapeseed and enhance its disease resistance.

2. Pharmaceutical prevention and control.

Pay close attention to the weather forecast and use pesticides in a timely manner. Under the condition of sufficient rainfall, the rate of petal carriage was positively correlated with the occurrence of sclerotinia sclerotinia in flowers.

1) Biological control: In the early stage of sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Scutellus sclerotinia, Trichoderma or Bacillus licheniformis are used for prevention and control, with an interval of 7 to 10 days, alternately, and 2 3 times of continuous control.

2) Chemical control: 40% sclerotinia wettable powder 1000 times liquid or 50% Pythium (Sucretin) wettable powder 50 grams per mu, or 50% iprodione wettable powder 100 grams per mu mixed with water spray.

It has also been reported that new agents such as prochloraz (100 grams), clodystrobin, and acetamide and some compound agents such as 25% gibberellide wettable powder have good control effects. It is recommended to apply the first application in the full flowering period of rapeseed, with an interval of 7 to 10 days for the second spray. Take care to rotate medications to avoid the emergence of resistant strains.

The solution is excerpted from the Harvest Bang article "Urgent! The outbreak of sclerotinia sclerotinia in rapeseed, the "peak of disease" is coming! 》

Prevention and control methods.

Comprehensive control measures should be taken for Sclerotinia sclerotinia with agricultural measures as the mainstay and chemical control as the supplement.

##41;Destroys sclerotia.

Since sclerotia is the primary source of infection of the disease, the elimination of sclerotia is the primary measure of disease prevention.

Crop rotation. Alternate years with rice or grass crops can cause a large number of sclerotia in the soil to die.

Deep. After the cruciferous vegetables are harvested, a deep ploughing is carried out to bury the sclerotia in the soil layer below 2-3 inches, so that it cannot produce ascomycetes or ascomycetes cannot be ejected from the soil surface. Deep tillage is one of the important ways to reduce the source of disease in dryland.

In addition, tillage during the ascosporic stage can destroy the production of ascospores or bury them in human soil, reducing the spread of ascospores.

Seed treatment. Seeds should be harvested from disease-free and robust plants. If the seeds are mixed with sclerotia, you can use 10 salt water or 20 ammonium sulfate water to select seeds, remove the sclerotia floating on the water surface, and the treated seeds must be washed repeatedly with water before sowing, so as not to affect the germination rate.

##41;Remove the yellow leaves.

Thorough removal of the yellow leaves in the lower part of the plant can not only prevent the infection of germs through the senescent yellow leaves, but also improve ventilation and light transmission, reduce humidity, and have a certain inhibitory effect on diseases. Yellow leaf picking can be done once at the first flowering stage and the last flowering stage. The removed yellow leaves should be concentrated and deeply buried.

##41;Proper fertilization.

Avoid partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and improve plant disease resistance.

##41;Prevent flooding and drain water in time after rain. Low-lying areas are cultivated with high furrows.

##41;Strengthen the management of vegetable cellars.

Before and after the cellar of the planting plants, it is necessary to strictly prevent freezing. When the temperature of the cellar rises and the humidity is too large, it is necessary to ventilate and cool down and reduce humidity in time, and pour vegetables and remove diseased plants in time to prevent disease transmission in the cellar.

##41;Pharmaceutical prevention and control.

When the seed plant enters the peak flowering period, if the rate of diseased leaves reaches 10 and the rate of diseased stems is about 1, it should start spraying, and then spray once every 10 days or so, a total of 2-3 times. The liquid medicine should be sprayed on the stem base, old leaves and ground of the plant, and the commonly used agent is 70 methyl tobuzin wettable powder 1000 times liquid; 50 Tobuzin wettable powder 500 times liquid; 50 carbendazim wettable powder 500 times liquid; 50 chlornitroamine wettable powder 1000 times liquid; 5 chlornitroamine powder per mu 2-2 5 kg and 15 kg of fine mud powder to prepare medicinal soil, or with 70 pentachloronitrobenzene powder per mu 250 grams mixed with 15 kg of fine mud powder, evenly sprinkled on the ground between rows.

FYI.

Control methods] Healthy seeds were selected to eliminate sclerotia and diseased residues mixed between seeds. Crop rotation was carried out in the diseased land, and the residues of diseased plants were removed during the pulling, and the sclerotia were buried deep in the soil in combination with land preparation. Mulching is implemented to block the excavation of the ascomycetes.

Or in the peak of the ascomycete tray excavation period, ploughing, watering, covering the mulch film and closing the shed to warm up. Increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, improve plant disease resistance, appropriately increase the temperature in the shed (25), control watering, and reduce the humidity of the shed as much as possible? Remove old and diseased leaves in time and pull out diseased plants.

Pharmaceutical prevention and control. At the beginning of the disease, spray pesticides in a timely manner, and the agent can be sprayed with 1000 times of fungicide (25% flusilazole prochloraz), or 1200 times of 30% ether strobin aqueous solution, or 1000 times of 40% pyroxycarbendazim, or 1200 times of seedling protection (benzoconazole), or ** (30% oxachlorine aqueous solution) 1200 times, or 65% nicotinyl pyrimycomine 800 times, or 50% acetamide 1000 times liquid and other foliar sprays. Depending on the progression of the disease, the number of sprays is determined.

If spraying continuously, the interval between the two sprays is 7-10 days. In the early stages of growth, it is necessary to spray the base and surface of the plant, and then move to the upper part of the plant after the flowering period.

40% sclerotinia wettable powder and 10% sclerotinia fog are commonly used agents for the prevention and treatment of sclerotinia sclerotinia sclerotinia

##41;Cultivation for disease prevention. After harvesting, the diseased leaves are thoroughly cleaned and turned 50 to 60 cm deep to bury the fungus deep in the soil, so that it cannot germinate or the ascomycete cannot be unearthed. It can also cover the mulch film that blocks ultraviolet rays, so that the sclerotia can not germinate, or block the ascospores from flying away to reduce the source of initial infection.

##41;Soil treatment. That is, after the end of spring stubble, clean up the diseased and residual leaves, sprinkle 200 300 kg of quicklime and 400 500 kg of broken straw or wheat straw per 667 square meters, and then turn the ground, make ridges, water, and finally cover the mulch tightly, close the shed for 7 15 days, make the soil temperature reach more than 60 for a long time, and kill harmful bacteria. Poor travel.

##41;Pharmaceutical prevention and control. Before planting, the seedbed was sprayed with 8000 times of wettable powder 40% nova emulsifiable concentrate, or 4000 times of 25% powder rust rather wettable powder. At the early stage of the disease, the diseased plants and leaves should be removed first, and then 65% methylmycoline wettable powder 600 times liquid, or 50% polymycolin wettable powder 600 times liquid, or 40% sclerotia net wettable powder 1 200 times liquid, or 40% sclerotia 500 times wettable powder, or 45% Tekelin multi-suspension emulsion 800 times liquid spray.

Focus on spraying the stem base and basal leaves. In areas where conditions permit, it is best to use dust agents.

Only for the participation of the Pikao Ant faction**.

In recent years, the demand for vegetables has been on the rise, and the number of vegetable growers has increased in many places, but many diseases occur frequently. Today, Xiaoyisou mainly introduces the hazards and prevention techniques of vegetable sclerotinia and root swelling. 1.

Nuclear file of this disc fungus: mainly harmful Chinese cabbage, stool radish, cabbage, rape, mustard, lettuce, etc. Oval water-stained blue-brown spots appeared on the leaves, and when the humidity was high, the diseased part was rotted and perforated, and white cotton floc hyphae and black mouse fecal sclerotia could be seen in the affected stems.

In the early stage of the disease, 50% carbendazim 500 times and 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder 1000 times can be sprayed alternately, and sprayed once every 10 15 days. 2.Root swelling disease:

It mostly occurs on Chinese cabbage and mustard greens, and also harms mustard and radishes. In the early stage of the disease, the plant grows slowly, and in the later stage, the base turns yellow, the whole plant dies, and tumors appear in the roots. In order to prevent and control this disease, 150 kg of quicklime can be sprinkled per mu 7 10 days before transplanting.

After transplanting, each hole should be irrigated with 15% lime water, and then irrigated 2 or 3 times if there is a sick heart in the field. Remove the diseased plants and incinerate them in a timely manner.